距离门宽度对单光子激光测高卫星探测概率及测距精度的影响

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170469

测绘学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 1487-1494.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170469

距离门宽度对单光子激光测高卫星探测概率及测距精度的影响

李国元^1,2,3, 黄佳鹏^1,3, 唐新明^1,3, 黄庚华², 周世宏⁴, 赵严铭¹

1. 国家测绘地理信息局卫星测绘应用中心, 北京 100048;
2. 中国科学院空间主动光电技术重点实验室, 上海 200083;
3. 江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210023;
4. 上海卫星工程研究所, 上海 201109

收稿日期:2017-08-18 修回日期:2018-01-27 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2018-11-29
通讯作者: 唐新明 E-mail:tangxinming99@qq.com
作者简介:李国元(1984-),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向为卫星激光测高数据处理与应用。E-mail:ligy@sasmac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院空间主动光电技术重点实验室开放课题（2018-ZDKF-1）；国家高分辨率对地观测青年创新基金（GFZX04061502）；上海卫星工程研究所科技创新基金（BH1602）；国家自然科学基金（41871382）

Influence of Range Gate Width on Detection Probability and Ranging Accuracy of Single Photon Laser Altimetry Satellite

LI Guoyuan^1,2,3, HUANG Jiapeng^1,3, TANG Xinming^1,3, HUANG Genghua², ZHOU Shihong⁴, ZHAO Yanming¹

1. Satellite Surveying and Mapping Application Center, NASG, Beijing 100048, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-electronics Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China;
3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China;
4. Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai 201109, China

Received:2017-08-18 Revised:2018-01-27 Online:2018-11-20 Published:2018-11-29
Supported by:
The Open Foundation of the Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-electronics Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2018-ZDKF-1);The National High Resolution Earth Observation Foundation for Young Scientists of China (No. GFZX04061502);The Innovative Research Foundation of the Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering (No. BH1602);The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41871382)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对距离门对单光子激光测高卫星探测概率以及测距精度的影响，结合激光雷达方程、单光子探测方程进行理论推导，采用不同宽度的距离门分析讨论，并利用蒙特卡洛方法进行模拟仿真试验。通过理论分析和仿真试验证明，距离门宽度对于探测概率影响不大，对于虚警概率具有较大影响，距离门为100 ns时，测距误差可以满足激光测高卫星的测距要求，当距离门宽度超过400 ns时，噪声占比会较大，测距精度会急剧下降，需要在数据后处理阶段采用精细化的滤波算法提取有效探测光子，保证测量精度。为保证对同一点重复观测25次，根据ICESat-2卫星的激光载荷参数，推导出光斑大小、光斑间距、激光重频三者之间的定量化关系。相关结论对于后续国产单光子激光测高卫星的设计与指标论证可提供一定参考。

关键词: 卫星激光测高, 距离门, 测距精度, 探测概率, 蒙特卡洛, 单光子激光

Abstract: The influence of the single photon laser altimeter range-gate width on the detection probability and ranging accuracy is discussed and analyzed, according to the LiDAR equation, single photon detection equation and the Monte Carlo method to simulate the experiment. The simulated results show that the probability of detection is not affected by the range gate, while the probability of false alarm is relative to the gate width. When the gate width is 100 ns, the ranging accuracy can accord with the requirements of satellite laser altimeter. But when the range gate width exceeds 400 ns, ranging accuracy will decline sharply. The noise ratio will be more as long as the range gate to get larger, so the refined filtering algorithm during the data processing is important to extract the useful photons effectively. In order to ensure repeated observation of the same point for 25 times, according to the parameters of ICESat-2, we deduce the quantitative relation between the footprint size, footprint, and the frequency repetition. The related conclusions can provide some reference for the design and the development of the domestic single photon laser altimetry satellite.

Key words: satellite laser altimeter, range gate, ranging accuracy, detection probability, monte carlo, single photon laser

中图分类号:

P236

李国元, 黄佳鹏, 唐新明, 黄庚华, 周世宏, 赵严铭. 距离门宽度对单光子激光测高卫星探测概率及测距精度的影响[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(11): 1487-1494.

LI Guoyuan, HUANG Jiapeng, TANG Xinming, HUANG Genghua, ZHOU Shihong, ZHAO Yanming. Influence of Range Gate Width on Detection Probability and Ranging Accuracy of Single Photon Laser Altimetry Satellite[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2018, 47(11): 1487-1494.

参考文献

[1] 唐新明, 李国元, 高小明, 等. 卫星激光测高严密几何模型构建及精度初步验证[J]. 测绘学报, 2016, 45(10):1182-1191. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.20150357. TANG Xinming, LI Guoyuan, GAO Xiaoming, et al. The Rigorous Geometric Model of Satellite Laser Altimeter and Preliminarily Accuracy Validation[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2016, 45(10):1182-1191. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.20150357.
[2] 唐新明, 李国元.激光测高卫星的发展与展望[J]. 国际太空, 2017(11):13-18. TANG Xinming, LI Guoyuan. Development and Prospect of Laser Altimetry Satellite[J]. Space International, 2017(11):13-18.
[3] 李国元, 唐新明, 张重阳, 等. 多准则约束的ICESat/GLAS高程控制点筛选[J]. 遥感学报, 2017, 21(1):96-104. LI Guoyuan, TANG Xinming, ZHANG Chongyang, et al. Multi-criteria Constraint Algorithm for Selecting ICESat/GLAS Data as Elevation Control Points[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2017, 21(1):96-104.
[4] MARKUS T, NEUMANN T, MARTINO A, et al. The Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2(ICESat-2):Science Requirements, Concept, and Implementation[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2017, 190:260-273.
[5] 李鑫, 廖鹤, 赵美玲, 等. 激光测绘卫星对不同地表形貌探测能力分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2014, 43(12):1238-1244. DOI:10.13485/j.cnki.11-2089.2014.0188. LI Xin, LIAO He, ZHAO Meiling, et al. Research on LiDAR Surveying Satellite Detection Capacity for Different Terrains[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2014, 43(12):1238-1244. DOI:10.13485/j.cnki.11-2089.2014.0188.
[6] KWOK R, MARKUS T, MORISON J, et al. Profiling Sea Ice with a Multiple Altimeter Beam Experimental Lidar (MABEL)[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2014, 31(5):1151-1168.
[7] VACEK M, PECA M, MICHALEK V, et al. Single Photon Laser Altimeter Data Processing, Analysis and Experimental Validation[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2015, 56(7):1307-1318.
[8] 吴凡, 张勇, 何姜, 等. 改进的距离选通3D成像激光雷达系统[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2011, 40(12):2388-2392. WU Fan, ZHANG Yong, HE Jiang, et al. Improved Range-gating 3D Imaging Laser Radar[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2011, 40(12):2388-2392.
[9] YANG Jie, KEREKES J. A Combined Approach for Ice Sheet Elevation Extraction from LiDAR Point Clouds[C]//2014 IEEE Western New York Image and Signal Processing Workshop. Rochester, NY, USA:IEEE, 2014:15-18.
[10] LEIGH H W, MAGRUDER L A, CARABAJAL C C, et al. Development of Onboard Digital Elevation and Relief Databases for ICESat-2[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2015, 53(4):2011-2020.
[11] 王飞, 赵远, 张宇, 等. 激光脉冲强度对于盖革模式单光子探测测距精度影响的理论研究[J]. 光学学报, 2010, 30(10):2771-2775. WANG Fei, ZHAO Yuan, ZHANG Yu, et al. Theoretical Analysis of Influence of Laser Signal Strength on Range Precision in Single Photon Ranging[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2010, 30(10):2771-2775.
[12] 罗韩君. 单光子成像探测关键技术研究[D]. 武汉:华中科技大学, 2013. LUO Hanjun. Research on Key Technique of the Single Photon Imaging and Detection[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2013.
[13] 黄科, 李松, 马跃, 等. 单光子模式激光测高探测概率模型与精度分析[J]. 中国激光, 2016, 43(11):1110001. HUANG Ke, LI Song, MA Yue, et al. Detection Probability Model of Single-photon Laser Altimetry and Its Range Accuracy[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2016, 43(11):1110001.
[14] 韩小纯, 王元庆. 盖革模式APD阵列在激光雷达技术中应用[J]. 激光与红外, 2013, 43(9):982-985. HAN Xiaochun, WANG Yuanqing. Application of Geiger-mode APD Array in Laser Radar[J]. Laser and Infrared, 2013, 43(9):982-985.
[15] 任熙明, 李丽, 鄢冬斌. 基于APD阵列三维成像激光雷达信噪比分析[J]. 激光与红外, 2010, 40(2):132-135. REN Ximing, LI Li, YAN Dongbin. SNR Analysis of 3D Imaging Ladar Based on APD Arrays[J]. Laser and Infrared, 2010, 40(2):132-135.
[16] 薛莉, 翟东升, 李祝莲, 等. 激光测距中APD阵列探测信噪比分析[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2017, 46(3):0306001. XUE Li, ZHAI Dongsheng, LI Zhulian, et al. Signal-to-noise Ratio Analysis on APD Arrays in Laser Ranging[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(3):0306001.
[17] 赵洪利, 范有臣, 孙华燕, 等. 基于盖革模式APD阵列的非扫描激光三维成像雷达研究综述[J]. 激光与红外, 2013, 43(10):1083-1088. ZHAO Hongli, FAN Youchen, SUN Huayan, et al. Review about 3D Laser Radar System Based on Geiger-mode APD array[J]. Laser and Infrared, 2013, 43(10):1083-1088.
[18] 罗韩君, 元秀华. 光子脉冲外差探测系统的测距精度[J]. 中国激光, 2013, 40(12):1208004. LUO Hanjun, YUAN Xiuhua. Accuracy of Photon Pulsed Heterodyne Detection System[J]. Chinese Journal of Laser, 2013, 40(12):1208004.
[19] 王飞. 基于Geiger探测器的激光成像性能及测距精度研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2010. WANG Fei. Researches on Performance and Range Accuracy of Laser Imaging System Based on Geiger Mode Detectors[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2010.
[20] 朱陆陆. 蒙特卡洛方法及应用[D]. 武汉:华中师范大学, 2014. ZHU Lulu. The Monte Carlo Method and Application[D]. Wuhan:Central China Normal University, 2014.
[21] MARKUS T, NEUMANN T, MARTINO A, et al. The Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite-2(ICESat-2):Science Requirements, Concept, and Implementation[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2017, 190:260-273.

距离门宽度对单光子激光测高卫星探测概率及测距精度的影响

Influence of Range Gate Width on Detection Probability and Ranging Accuracy of Single Photon Laser Altimetry Satellite

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 8

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	谢俊峰, 刘仁. 全波形星载激光测距误差抑制的滑动窗口高斯拟合算法[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(9): 1240-1250.
[2]	李国元, 唐新明, 陈继溢, 么嘉棋, 刘诏, 高小明, 左志强, 周晓青. 高分七号卫星激光测高数据处理与精度初步验证[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(10): 1338-1348.
[3]	杨雄丹, 李国元, 王佩贤, 陈继溢, 莫凡, 么嘉棋, 金泽林. 星载激光光斑影像激光指向变化探测法[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(12): 1591-1599.
[4]	陈张雷, 李崇辉, 郑勇, 陈冰, 何东汉. 天文定位中几何精度衰减因子最小值分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2019, 48(7): 879-888.
[5]	袁小棋, 李国元, 唐新明, 高小明, 黄庚华, 李野. 星载激光光斑影像质心自动提取方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(2): 135-141.
[6]	李国元, 唐新明. 资源三号02星激光测高精度分析与验证[J]. 测绘学报, 2017, 46(12): 1939-1949.
[7]	李洋, 张润宁. 高度计测距精度对沿轨迹重力异常反演的影响[J]. 测绘学报, 2015, 44(4): 363-369.
[8]	王文龙,李清泉. 基于蒙特卡罗算法的车辆跟踪方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2011, 40(2): 200-203.