水位改正的天文潮时差方法

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20180556

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对传统时差法水位改正按距离内插计算的潮时差可能与实际情况存在较大差异，进而影响水位改正效果的问题，提出利用天文潮直接计算站间潮时差实施水位改正的方法，研究了我国沿海部分验潮站天文潮与实测水位之间潮时系统的差异与变化性质，并分析了不同分潮选择下确定的天文潮对站间潮时差计算值的影响量级。利用黄海沿岸与北部湾的验潮站设计了天文潮时差水位改正试验，比较了传统时差法与天文潮时差方法的效果。试验和分析表明，利用天文潮计算潮时差比传统时差法更接近实测潮时差，且8分潮水位改正结果的中误差控制在5 cm以内，比传统时差法的水位改正精度提高了近一倍，实现了对传统方法的改进，证明了利用天文潮进行时差法水位改正的可行性。

关键词: 天文潮, 天文潮时差, 时差法, 水位改正, 站内潮时差, 站间潮时差

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that there may be a big difference between the traditional method of water level correction using distance interpolation to calculate the tidal time difference (TTD) of the stations to be determined and the actual situation, this paper puts forward a method of water level correction using astronomical tide to directly calculate the tidal time difference between stations, studies the difference and variation of the tidal time system between astronomical tide and the measured water level of some coastal stations in China, and analyzes the deviation magnitude of the tidal time difference between two groups of adjacent stations with astronomical tide determined by different tidal numbers instead of the measured water level. Using tide gauge stations along the Yellow Sea and Beibu Gulf, the experiment of astronomical tide time difference water level correction is designed, and the effect of the traditional method and astronomical tide time difference method is compared. The experiment and analysis show that using astronomical tide to calculate the tidal time difference is closer to the measured tidal time difference than the traditional method, and the median error of the correction result of the 8 tidal constituents is controlled within 5 cm, nearly double that of the traditional method, realizing the improvement of the traditional method and proving the feasibility of using astronomical tide to correct the water level of the time difference method.

Key words: astronomical tide, astronomical tidal time difference, time difference method, water correction, inner-station TTD, inter-station TTD

中图分类号:

P229.3

刘聚, 暴景阳, 许军. 水位改正的天文潮时差方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2019, 48(9): 1161-1170.

LIU Ju, BAO Jingyang, XU Jun. Using astronomical tidal time difference for water correction[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2019, 48(9): 1161-1170.

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