通过分析北斗系统的星座特点及GEO卫星特征,提出了一种针对北斗系统的快速高精度定向方法。该方法利用北斗GEO卫星东西向几何构型好的优势,首先由GEO卫星的观测值结合降维解算理论解算基线向量候选值;然后通过模糊度函数法对候选值进行判决,得到最优基线向量,解出宽巷模糊度;最后在此基础上解算B1模糊度,进行高精度定向。该方法不但可以改善利用北斗定向解算所产生的病态性,而且可以减小模糊度搜索范围,实现单历元整周模糊度快速解算。利用实测北斗星历对算法进行了仿真验证,结果表明在实时动态条件下,该方法解算B1的整周模糊度成功率为99.31%,确定的俯仰角标准差为0.07°,航向角标准差为0.13°,是一种高效快速的定向算法。
A fast and high-precision orientation algorithm for BeiDou is proposed by deeply analyzing the constellation characteristics of BeiDou and GEO satellites features.With the advantage of good east-west geometry, the baseline vector candidate values were solved by the GEO satellites observations combined with the dimensionality reduction theory at first.Then, we use the ambiguity function to judge the values in order to obtain the optical baseline vector and get the wide lane integer ambiguities. On this basis, the B1 ambiguities were solved. Finally, the high-precision orientation was estimated by the determinating B1 ambiguities. This new algorithm not only can improve the ill-condition of traditional algorithm, but also can reduce the ambiguity search region to a great extent, thus calculating the integer ambiguities in a single-epoch.The algorithm is simulated by the actual BeiDou ephemeris and the result shows that the method is efficient and fast for orientation. It is capable of very high single-epoch success rate(99.31%) and accurate attitude angle (the standard deviation of pitch and heading is respectively 0.07°and 0.13°)in a real time and dynamic environment.
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