研究地理国情复杂系统的意义在于合理表达“资源—环境—生态—经济—社会”系统的综合复杂关系。针对我国地理国情统计分析工作所面临的研究内容不统一、范围不一致、目标不明确等问题,本文基于复杂系统理论和协调度分析方法,分别从概念、理论与方法的角度探讨并设计了相应的解决途径。通过对地理国情、地理国情普查、地理国情统计分析的概念以及三者间的关系分析,明确和界定了地理国情的统计内容和分析范围,具体化了地理国情统计分析目标;对比分析了地理国情与复杂系统的基本特征,以及协调度分析与地理国情统计分析的目标一致性,提出了地理国情复杂系统的概念,并对其进行了定量描述;复杂系统理论为地理国情统计分析提供了新的理论指导,协调度为地理国情统计分析提供了新思路。在此基础上设计了地理国情复杂系统的测度方法和决策分析方案。通过地理国情复杂系统协调度从宏观上分析总体趋势,结合各子系统间协调度和单系统协调度从微观上确定修复方向,并制定具体改进策略,从而实现地理国情统计分析的宏观目标。
The significance of studying the complex system of geographical national conditions lies in rationally expressing the complex relationships of the “resources-environment-ecology-economy-society” system. Aiming to the problems faced by the statistical analysis of geographical national conditions, including the disunity of research contents, the inconsistency of range, the uncertainty of goals, etc.the present paper conducted a range of discussions from the perspectives of concept, theory and method, and designed some solutions based on the complex system theory and coordination degree analysis methods.By analyzing the concepts of geographical national conditions, geographical national conditions survey and geographical national conditions statistical analysis, as well as investigating the relationships between theirs, the statistical contents and the analytical range of geographical national conditions are clarified and defined. This investigation also clarifies the goals of the statistical analysis by analyzing the basic characteristics of the geographical national conditions and the complex system, and the consistency between the analysis of the degree of coordination and statistical analyses. It outlines their goals, proposes a concept for the complex system of geographical national conditions, and it describes the concept. The complex system theory provides new theoretical guidance for the statistical analysis of geographical national conditions. The degree of coordination offers new approaches on how to undertake the analysis based on the measurement method and decision-making analysis scheme upon which the complex system of geographical national conditions is based. It analyzes the overall trend via the degree of coordination of the complex system on a macro level, and it determines the direction of remediation on a micro level based on the degree of coordination among various subsystems and of single systems. These results establish specific improvement strategies and achieve the goals of the statistical analysis of the geographic variables.
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