GNSS兼容与互操作是国际卫星导航领域的热点议题,也是用户实现多系统融合导航必须具备的条件。本文首先介绍了兼容与互操作的基本概念;简要分析了多GNSS系统互操作的基本趋势及GNSS 4大核心系统信号互操作的现状;分析了现有北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)在信号互操作方面存在的问题,指出其对用户接收机制造商和多GNSS用户的影响;分析了坐标基准和坐标框架在互操作方面存在的问题及其可能带来的影响,指出坐标系统的实现、维持甚至更新策略带来的误差都可能给多GNSS互操作及导航定位结果带来影响;讨论了时间基准互操作存在的问题,以及可能的解决措施。最后归纳了本文的主要结论。
Compatibility and interoperability of GNSS are the hot research issues in international satellite navigation field. It is a requirement for integrated multi GNSS navigation and positioning. The basic concepts of the compatibility and interoperability are introduced and the trend of the interoperability among the GNSS providers is discussed. The status and problems of the frequency interoperability of GPS, BeiDou(BDS), GLONASS and Galileo are analyzed. It is pointed that the frequency interoperability problems will affect the manufacturers and multi GNSS users. The influences of the interoperability problems of the reference coordinate systems are not only resulted from the definitions and realizations of the reference coordinate systems but also from the maintenance and update strategies of the reference systems. The effects of the time datum interoperability and corresponding resolving strategies are also discussed. The influences of the interoperability problems of GNSS are summarized.
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