北斗/GPS抗差移动窗口定权位移探测

张云龙; 杨松林; 罗晓燕; 房建宏; 邱冬炜

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.F028

测绘学报 >

2016 , Vol. 45 >Issue S2: 72 - 81

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.F028

论文

北斗/GPS抗差移动窗口定权位移探测

张云龙 ,
杨松林 ,
罗晓燕 ,
房建宏 ,
邱冬炜

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1. 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院, 北京 100044;
2. 北京市测绘设计研究院城市空间信息工程北京市重点实验室, 北京 100038;
3. 青海省交通科学研究院, 青海西宁 810001;
4. 北京建筑大学测绘与城市空间信息学院, 北京 100044

张云龙(1988-),男,博士生,研究方向为GNSS数据处理理论与应用,GNSS监测系统集成开发。E-mail:13115311@bjtu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2016-11-25

修回日期: 2016-12-20

网络出版日期: 2017-05-20

基金资助

城市空间信息工程北京市重点实验室经费（2016101）；中国住房和城乡建设部科学技术项目（2015K8050）

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BeiDou/GPS Displacement Detection Using Robust Weighting Based on Moving Window

ZHANG Yunlong ,
YANG Songlin ,
LUO Xiaoyan ,
FANG Jianhong ,
QIU Dongwei

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1. School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Spatial Information Engineering, Beijing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100038, China;
3. Qinghai Research Institute of Transportation, Xining 810001, China;
4. School of Surveying and Urban Spatial Information, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China

Received date: 2016-11-25

Revised date: 2016-12-20

Online published: 2017-05-20

Supported by

The Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Spatial Information Engineering (No. 2016101);The Science and Technology Project of MOHURD (No. 2015K8050)

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摘要

蠕变状态下Kalman定位精度通常与观测值方差有极大关系，BDS （BeiDou Navigation Satellite System）/GPS组合观测值方差易受观测值权比精确度的影响。为了提高位移探测精度、缩短初始坐标收敛时间及降低监测成本，本文采用时钟同步双天线BDS/GPS接收机，在构建单频单差组合定位模型基础上，分别对GPS和BDS观测值等价权进行抗差处理，利用引入时间相关遗忘因子的Helmert方差估计，精确确定GPS与BDS观测值权比，最后通过实时更新观测值方差，实现扩展Kalman滤波的逐历元定位。试验结果表明，针对短基线（1 km），BDS/GPS抗差精密定权Kalman方法可显著缩短初始坐标收敛时间，位移探测精度可达到亚毫米级，位移收敛速率与移动窗口参数基本成反比关系，适用于具有蠕变特征形变体的监测。

关键词： BDS; GPS; 单频单差定位模型; 抗差精密定权; 位移探测; 亚毫米级精度

本文引用格式

张云龙 , 杨松林 , 罗晓燕 , 房建宏 , 邱冬炜 . 北斗/GPS抗差移动窗口定权位移探测[J]. 测绘学报, 2016 , 45(S2) : 72 -81 . DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.F028

Abstract

The positioning accuracy of Kalman model under creep deformation condition is closely related to the observation variance, which can be affected by the accuracy of weight ratio of GPS and BDS observations. To improve displacement detection accuracy, shorten convergence time of initial coordinate and reduce monitoring cost, firstly the BDS/GPS single-frequency single-difference combination model is set up by using clock-synchronized dual-antenna BDS/GPS receiver. Then the equivalent weights of GPS and BDS observations are robustly determined respectively, and the Helmert variance component estimated by introducing time-correlated forgetting factor is used to achieve the precise weight ratio between GPS and BDS observations. Finally the coordinates are calculated using the extended Kalman filter by updating observed variance in real-time. According to the experiment, for the short baseline (1 km), BDS/GPS robust precise weighting Kalman method can shorten convergence time of initial coordinate significantly, which is suitable for monitoring the deformation body with creep characteristics, and the displacement detection accuracy can reach sub-millimeter level. Moreover the displacement convergence rate is inversely related to the length of moving window approximately.

Key words： BDS; GPS; single-frequency single-difference positioning model; robust precise weighting; displacement detection; sub-millimeter accuracy

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