北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO卫星定轨地面站构型影响分析及其优化

张龙平; 党亚民; 成英燕; 薛树强; 谷守周; 韩德强

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.F029

测绘学报 >

2016 , Vol. 45 >Issue S2: 82 - 92

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.F029

论文

北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO卫星定轨地面站构型影响分析及其优化

张龙平 ,
党亚民 ,
成英燕 ,
薛树强 ,
谷守周 ,
韩德强

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1. 山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院, 山东青岛 266590;
2. 中国测绘科学研究院, 北京 100830;
3. 武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心, 湖北武汉 430079;
4. 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 陕西西安 710054

张龙平(1988-),男,博士生,研究方向为卫星精密定轨定位。E-mail:lpzh1988@163.com

收稿日期: 2016-11-25

修回日期: 2016-12-20

网络出版日期: 2017-05-20

基金资助

国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFB0501405；2016YFB0502105）；国家自然科学基金（41474011；41104018；41404034）；测绘行业公益性专项（B1503）；全球连续监测评估系统项目（GFZX0301040308-06）

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Analysis and Optimization of BDS GEO/IGSO/MEO Ground Monitoring Stations Configuration for Determining GNSS Orbit

ZHANG Longping ,
DANG Yamin ,
CHENG Yingyan ,
XUE Shuqiang ,
GU Shouzhou ,
HAN Deqiang

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1. College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China;
2. Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China;
3. GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
4. College of Geology Engineering and Geomantics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China

Received date: 2016-11-25

Revised date: 2016-12-20

Online published: 2017-05-20

Supported by

Key Project of China National Programs for Research and Development (Nos.2016YFB0501405;2016YFB0502105);The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.41474011;41104018;41404034);Special Research Grant for Surveying and Mapping Non-profit Public Service(No.B1503);iGMAS(No.GFZX0301040308-06)

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摘要

GNSS卫星定轨精度主要取决于卫星动力学模型精度和GNSS几何观测信息。由于北斗GEO/IGSO卫星静地、高轨特性，以及力学模型不精确等原因，地面几何观测信息对轨道改进至关重要。本文讨论了北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO卫星定轨地面站分布影响及优化改进方法。在简化动力学定轨模型基础上，探讨多历元几何观测信息累积对轨道的改进；研究了北斗导航卫星定轨理想几何构型条件，得到影响定轨精度的几何因子，包括测站数量、覆盖范围、分布密度；利用离散概率密度方法研究地面站构型，分析了3类卫星轨道改进机理和优化方法。通过算例，讨论了增加5个中国区域基准站改善离散概率密度指标，优化全球北斗卫星定轨构型，发现GEO和IGSO卫星精度改善最为明显，MEO卫星改善最小；其中GEO卫星提高了10%，IGSO卫星提高了16%，MEO卫星提高了4%。

关键词： 虚拟跟踪站; 构型优化; 离散概率密度; 构型叠加

本文引用格式

张龙平 , 党亚民 , 成英燕 , 薛树强 , 谷守周 , 韩德强 . 北斗GEO/IGSO/MEO卫星定轨地面站构型影响分析及其优化[J]. 测绘学报, 2016 , 45(S2) : 82 -92 . DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.F029

Abstract

Orbit determination accuracy of GNSS satellites depends on the satellites dynamics models and GNSS orbit determination geometry. Because of the weak geometry, higher orbit height of GEO and IGSO and relatively low accuracy of the dynamics models, the geometry information may play an important role in improving the GNSS orbit. The method for analysis the configuration and the influence of BDS GEO/IGSO/MEO ground monitoring stations distribution are discussed. Firstly, based on the reduced-dynamic orbit determination theory, the precision improvement of GNSS orbit from multi-epoch geometry observations is revealed. Secondly, the geometric condition of an ideal configuration for BDS satellites orbit determination is studied and the influence factors (quantity, range, density) are obtained. Thirdly, the method based on the discrete probability distribution is proposed to analyse the configuration of the ground monitoring stations. Finally, the indicators of discrete probability density and configuration of BDS orbit determination are optimized by adding five Chinese regional stations. It is showed that the improvement of GEO and IGSO satellites is more significant relative to MEO satellites. The accuracy of GEO/IGSO/MEO satellites is improved by 10%, 16%, 4% respectively.

Key words： virtual monitoring stations; configuration optimization; discrete approximate density; configuration superposition

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