几何与语义统一的区域地质构造GIS数据模型

何撼东, 胡迪, 闾国年, 李安波, 李军利

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2017.20160427

测绘学报 >

2017 , Vol. 46 >Issue 8: 1058 - 1068

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11947/j.AGCS.2017.20160427

地图学与地理信息

几何与语义统一的区域地质构造GIS数据模型

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1. 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 安徽合肥 230036;
2. 南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室, 江苏南京 210023;
3. 江苏省地理环境演化国家重点实验室培育建设点, 江苏南京 210023;
4. 江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心, 江苏南京 210023

何撼东(1983-),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为地质语义、时空数据结构与数据模型。E-mail:hehandong@ahau.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2016-08-03

修回日期: 2017-07-15

网络出版日期: 2017-09-01

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（41601412；41571400）；安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目（KJ2016A222）；安徽农业大学科研启动基金（yj2015-22）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目（164320H116）

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GIS Data Modeling of a Regional Geological Structure by Integrating Geometric and Semantic Expressions

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1. School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China;
3. State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution(Jiangsu Province), Nanjing 210023, China;
4. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China

Received date: 2016-08-03

Revised date: 2017-07-15

Online published: 2017-09-01

Supported by

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.41601412;41571400);The Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions (No. KJ2016A222);The Foundation of Anhui Agricultural University (No.yj2015-22);The Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (No.164320H116)

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摘要

随着GIS在地质中的应用，地质GIS数据模型在几何描述与表达方面日趋完善，但是对地质构造现象的语义描述与表达却较为有限，制约了地质研究者对地质GIS地理解与应用。为了增强地质GIS数据模型中的语义信息，本文采用面向对象的方法，通过地质对象来统一描述和表达地质构造现象的几何与语义特征，设计了几何与语义统一的区域地质构造GIS数据模型。本文设计了基于"词汇概念-名词解释-几何图例"的地质构造现象的语义三角描述方法。依据区域地质构造的语义特征，采用线性分类法将区域地质构造现象划分为3个大类、10个中类和33个小类，在此基础上定义了地质构造现象的基本要素集和要素类，并基于地质对象之间的几何和语义关系，建立了区域地质构造现象要素的基本几何网络。采用ArcGIS Diagrammer Geodatabase建模工具，构建了几何与语义统一的地质GIS数据模型。最后，以宁镇山脉区域地质构造现象为例对该数据模型进行了试验验证，结果表明该模型具有较好的实用性。

关键词： 区域地质构造; 数据模型; 语义; GIS表达; 面向对象

本文引用格式

何撼东, 胡迪, 闾国年, 李安波, 李军利 . 几何与语义统一的区域地质构造GIS数据模型[J]. 测绘学报, 2017 , 46(8) : 1058 -1068 . DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2017.20160427

Abstract

Using GIS, data models of geology via geometric descriptions and expressions are being developed. However, the role played by these data models in terms of the description and expression of geological structure phenomenon is limited. To improve the semantic information in geological GIS data models, this study adopts an object-oriented method that describes and expresses the geometric and semantic features of the geological structure phenomenon using geological objects and designs a data model of regional geological structures by integrating geometry and semantics. Moreover, the study designs a semantic "vocabulary-explanation-graph" method for describing the geological phenomenon of structures. Based on the semantic features of regional geological structures and a linear classification method, it divides the regional geological structure phenomenon into 3 divisions, 10 groups, 33 classes and defines the element set and element class. Moreover, it builds the basic geometric network for geological elements based on the geometric and semantic relations among geological objects. Using the ArcGIS Diagrammer Geodatabase, it considers the regional geological structure of the Ning-Zhen Mountains to verify the data model, and the results indicate a high practicability.

Key words： regional geological structure; data model; semantics; GIS expression; object-oriented

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