北斗高精度长弧历书模型设计

常志巧; 胡小工; 陈刘成; 李晓杰; 祖安然; 唐成盼; 黄华

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170103

测绘学报 >

2018 , Vol. 47 >Issue 3: 298 - 307

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170103

大地测量学与导航

北斗高精度长弧历书模型设计

常志巧 ,
胡小工 ,
陈刘成 ,
李晓杰 ,
祖安然 ,
唐成盼 ,
黄华

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1. 北京卫星导航中心, 北京 100094;
2. 中国科学院上海天文台, 上海 200030;
3. 61876部队, 海南三亚 572022

常志巧(1981-),女,博士,工程师,研究方向为GNSS数据处理理论和方法研究。E-mail:zhiqiaochang@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-03-23

修回日期: 2017-12-15

网络出版日期: 2018-03-29

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（41274043；41204022；41574029）；上海市空间导航与定位技术重点实验室基金（14DZ2276100；ZZXT_201701）

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High-accuracy Long Arc Almanac Model Design for BDS

CHANG Zhiqiao ,
HU Xiaogong ,
CHEN Liucheng ,
LI Xiaojie ,
ZU Anran ,
TANG Chengpan ,
HUANG Hua

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1. Beijing Satellite Navigation Center, Beijing 100094, China;
2. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China;
3. 61876 Armies, Sanya 572022, China

Received date: 2017-03-23

Revised date: 2017-12-15

Online published: 2018-03-29

Supported by

The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 41274043;41204022;41574029);The Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Space Navigation and Position Techniques.(Nos. 14DZ2276100;ZZXT_201701)

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摘要

历书参数可同时用于辅助常规导航和自主导航的信号捕获。延长历书参数的有效期不但可以使地面接收机启动时充分利用历书数据，对于基于星间链路观测的自主导航，历书参数的有效期还决定了地面注入历书的频度和占用的星上存储资源。通过对北斗3类导航卫星主要摄动力及其对轨道根数的长期项和长周期项的影响分析，设计了以6个轨道根数和5个摄动参数为播发参数的历书拟合模型。以一个自主运行周期90 d为时间尺度，对北斗在轨卫星进行了长弧段历书拟合试验，并同时分析了卫星位置和速度的拟合精度。结果表明新的历书拟合模型提高了历书拟合的精度，尤其对于地球静止轨道和倾斜地球同步轨道卫星，拟合精度提高显著。对于GEO和IGSO卫星，位置拟合误差大约从200 km降低至十几千米甚至几千米，速度拟合误差大约从15 m/s降低至0.6 m/s，新方法拟合精度提高了约20~30倍；对于中圆地球轨道卫星，无论采用哪种历书模型，位置拟合误差都在5 km左右，速度拟合误差都在0.6 m/s左右，新方法拟合精度提高约15%。针对星间链路卫星10 km位置误差上限的使用需求，对比了新老历书模型的拟合弧长，常规模型最大拟合弧长约为14 d，而新历书模型的最大拟合弧长可延长至45 d，新历书模型延长了历书使用期限，优化了北斗历书模型设计。

关键词： 北斗卫星导航系统; 历书拟合; 信号捕获; 星间链路; 速度

本文引用格式

常志巧 , 胡小工 , 陈刘成 , 李晓杰 , 祖安然 , 唐成盼 , 黄华 . 北斗高精度长弧历书模型设计[J]. 测绘学报, 2018 , 47(3) : 298 -307 . DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170103

Abstract

Almanac parameters can be used to assist signal acquisition for both conventional navigation and autonomous navigation. The extended validity of the almanac parameters not only enables the terrestrial receiver to make full use of almanac data when starting up,but also determines the frequency of the almanac uploaded and the satellite storage resources on-board for autonomous navigation with inter-satellite link observation. Based on analysis of the major perturbations of three types of BeiDou satellites and their effects on the long-term and long-period terms of the orbital elements,an almanac model with six orbital elements and five perturbation parameters is designed. The almanac fitting test is carried out based on the 90-day long arc orbit of BeiDou satellites in orbit throughout 2013. The results show that the new almanac model improves accuracy of almanac fitting. For Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and Inclined Geosynchronous Orbit (IGSO) satellites,position fitting error is reduced from 200 km to more than 10 km even to several km and velocity error is reduced from 15 m/s to 0.6 m/s. The accuracy of the new model is about 20 to 30 times higher than that of the conventional model. For Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite,position fitting error is about 5 km and velocity error is about 0.6 m/s regardless of which model,and the accuracy of the new method is improved about 15%. For 10 km position error upper limit of inter-satellite link,the maximum fitting arc length of the conventional model is about 14 days,and the maximum fitting arc length of the new almanac model can be extended to 45 days. The new almanac model extends the validity of almanac parameters,and optimizes almanac model for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).

Key words： BDS; almanac fitting; signal acquisition; inter-satellite link; velocity

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