一种基于对象和快照的混合地表覆盖时空数据存储模型

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.20150176

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 时空数据模型是数据库和时空数据分析研究热点之一。由于时空数据变化类型多、分析计算复杂及应用范围广，一种观点认为建立通用的时空数据模型具有高度复杂性。本文针对地表覆盖变化时空数据建库和时空分析应用需求，提出了基于对象和快照的混合时空数据模型。该模型用面向对象描述地表覆盖的斑块对象时空过程，组织管理斑块对象时空事件和空间、属性信息，同时用快照描述地表覆盖整体时空分布，组织管理栅格快照，两者通过基于时间和空间位置的逻辑关联关系形成混合模型。模型在表达对象自身变化的时空事件类型基础上，增加了不同分类对象之间互相转变的时空事件表达。该模型既可以用于对地表覆盖历史观测数据组织存储建库，又可以用于支持时空统计分析、时空演变模拟和时空数据挖掘。通过对黑龙江地区地表覆盖时空数据建库、查询检索、整体格局演变分析和斑块变化时空过程检索与表达的试验，验证了模型的有效性。

关键词: 地表覆盖变化, 时空事件, 快照, 面向对象, 时空数据模型

Abstract: Spatio-temporal data model (STDM) is one of the hot topics in the domains of spatio-temporal database and data analysis. There is a common view that a universal STDM is always of high complexity due to the various situation of spatio-temporal data. In this article, a mixed STDM is proposed based on object-oriented and snapshot models for modelling and analyzing landcover change (LCC). This model uses the object-oriented STDM to describe the spatio-temporal processes of land cover patches and organize their spatial and attributive properties. In the meantime, it uses the snapshot STDM to present the spatio-temporal distribution of LCC on the whole via snapshot images. The two types of models are spatially and temporally combined into a mixed version. In addition to presenting the spatio-temporal events themselves, this model could express the transformation events between different classes of spatio-temporal objects. It can be used to create database for historical data of LCC, do spatio-temporal statistics, simulation and data mining with the data. In this article, the LCC data in Heilongjiang province is used for case study to validate spatio-temporal data management and analysis abilities of mixed STDM, including creating database, spatio-temporal query, global evolution analysis and patches spatio-temporal process expression.

Key words: LCC, spatio-temporal process, snapshot, object-oriented, spatio-temporal data model

中图分类号:

P208

李寅超, 李建松. 一种基于对象和快照的混合地表覆盖时空数据存储模型[J]. 测绘学报, 2016, 45(7): 858-865.

LI Yinchao, LI Jiansong. A Mixed Land Cover Spatio-temporal Data Model Based on Object-oriented and Snapshot[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2016, 45(7): 858-865.

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