从地理信息服务到地理知识服务:基本问题与发展路径

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2021.20210183

测绘学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 1194-1202.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2021.20210183

从地理信息服务到地理知识服务:基本问题与发展路径

慎利^1,2, 徐柱^1,2, 李志林^1,2, 刘万增³, 崔秉良⁴

1. 西南交通大学高速铁路运营安全空间信息技术国家地方联合工程实验室, 四川成都 611756;
2. 西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院, 四川成都 611756;
3. 国家基础地理信息中心, 北京 100830;
4. 广州市阿尔法软件信息技术有限公司, 广东广州 510630

收稿日期:2021-04-12 修回日期:2021-07-23 发布日期:2021-10-09
通讯作者: 徐柱 E-mail:xuzhucn@gmail.com
作者简介:慎利(1986-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为遥感影像处理、地理知识服务。E-mail:rsshenli@outlook.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（41930104；41971330；42071386）；四川省科技计划（2020JDTD0003）

From geographic information service to geographic knowledge service: research issues and development roadmap

SHEN Li^1,2, XU Zhu^1,2, LI Zhilin^1,2, LIU Wanzeng³, CUI Bingliang⁴

1. State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology of High-speed Rail Safety, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China;
2. Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China;
3. National Geomatics Center of China, Beijing 100830, China;
4. Guangzhou Alpha Software Information Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510630, China

Received:2021-04-12 Revised:2021-07-23 Published:2021-10-09
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41930104; 41971330; 42071386); Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No. 2020JDTD0003)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从地理信息服务升级到地理知识服务，既是一种必然的发展趋势，也是信息爆炸困境下的迫切现实需求。本文辨析了地理知识服务的内涵、与地理信息服务的联系及区别，以及其对形式化知识表示与智能化知识处理的要求。在分析传统人工智能技术的局限性和人工智能技术新近突破性进展的基础上，指出最新发展水平的人工智能技术为发展地理知识服务提供了令人乐观的认知智能基础。从地理知识服务的时空本质特性的角度，指出了发展地理知识服务面临的空间表示知识化、空间分析认知化、知识服务情境化3方面的主要问题，进而提出了地理知识服务的分级发展策略和推进路径。

关键词: 地理信息服务, 地理知识服务, 地理空间人工智能, 时空知识图谱

Abstract: Geographic knowledge service (GKS) is widely believed to be the intelligent successor to the current geographic information service (GIS). The need for GKS is becoming ever pressing due to the increasing severity of the information explosion problem. This paper clarifies the confusions in the connotation of GKS, its relationship with GIS, and its requirements for formal representation and intelligent processing of geographic knowledge. After an in-depth analysis of the latest breakthroughs made in artificial intelligence (AI), it is argued that the state-of-the-art AI provides a promising basis of cognitive intelligence for advancing GKS development. Emphasizing the spatio-temporal characteristic of geographic knowledge, this paper identifies three main categories of research issues in GKS development, i.e. those of the knowledge engineering approach to geographic modeling, the cognitively intelligent approach to geographic analysis and the context-aware computing approach to service provision. A graded strategy for advancing GKS is then suggested and a roadmap of GKS development is envisioned.

Key words: geographic information service, geographic knowledge service, geospatial artificial intelligence, spatio-temporal knowledge graph

中图分类号:

P208

慎利, 徐柱, 李志林, 刘万增, 崔秉良. 从地理信息服务到地理知识服务:基本问题与发展路径[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(9): 1194-1202.

SHEN Li, XU Zhu, LI Zhilin, LIU Wanzeng, CUI Bingliang. From geographic information service to geographic knowledge service: research issues and development roadmap[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2021, 50(9): 1194-1202.

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从地理信息服务到地理知识服务:基本问题与发展路径

From geographic information service to geographic knowledge service: research issues and development roadmap

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