测绘学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 1805-1834.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2023.20230003

• 综述 •    下一篇

影像大地测量学发展现状与趋势

李振洪1,2,3,4, 朱武1,2,3,4, 余琛1,2,3,4, 张勤1,2,3,4, 杨元喜5,6   

  1. 1. 长安大学地质工程与测绘学院, 陕西 西安 710054;
    2. 黄土科学全国重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054;
    3. 长安大学地学与卫星大数据研究中心, 陕西 西安 710054;
    4. 西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054;
    5. 地理信息工程国家重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054;
    6. 西安测绘研究所, 陕西 西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-03 修回日期:2023-10-18 发布日期:2023-12-15
  • 作者简介:李振洪(1975-),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向包括影像大地测量及其在地质灾害(如地震、滑坡和地面沉降)和生态环境方面的应用。E-mail:Zhenhong.Li@chd.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41941019;42074040);科技部国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1512000);陕西省科技创新团队项目(2021TD-51);陕西省地学大数据与地质灾害防治创新团队项目(2022);欧洲空间局-科技部国家遥感中心龙计划5项目(59339);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102260301;300102263401;300102263502;300102262902;300102261108;300203211261)

Development status and trends of Imaging Geodesy

LI Zhenhong1,2,3,4, ZHU Wu1,2,3,4, YU Chen1,2,3,4, ZHANG Qin1,2,3,4, YANG Yuanxi5,6   

  1. 1. School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Loess, Xi'an 710054, China;
    3. Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, China;
    4. Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710054, China;
    5. State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xi'an 710054, China;
    6. Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710054, China
  • Received:2023-01-03 Revised:2023-10-18 Published:2023-12-15
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41941019;42074040);The National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFC1512000);Shaanxi Province Science and Technology Innovation Team (No. 2021TD-51);Shaanxi Province Geoscience Big Data and Geohazard Prevention Innovation Team (No. 2022);ESA-MOST DRAGON-5 Project (No. 59339);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. 300102260301;300102263401;300102263502;300102262902;300102261108;300203211261)

摘要: 随着遥感卫星系统的逐渐增多,影像为研究地球形状和大小等大地测量参数提供了更高精度、更高分辨率的数据支持,推动了大地测量学科的发展,也衍生出影像大地测量学(Imaging Geodesy)。影像大地测量学是大地测量、遥感科学、数字摄影测量、计算机视觉等学科的交叉融合,在减灾防灾、环境保护和新能源开发利用等领域发挥了重要作用。本文梳理了其发展历程、定义内涵、关键技术、研究内容和发展趋势5方面的内容。基于遥感卫星系统和影像处理技术的发展历程,本文将影像大地测量学的发展划分为起步萌芽、初期飞跃、深度创新和全面应用4个阶段。顾及研究对象空间位置的不同,影像大地测量学的主要研究内容包括地球大气环境观测与反演、地球表面环境监测与演化以及地球内部物理结构与动力学反演。引入数字高程模型反演、大气水汽监测、活动滑坡探测与监测、地震周期研究以及土壤湿度监测等应用案例,分析了影像大地测量学的现代应用。最后,提出多源海量影像的融合和近实时化处理是目前影像大地测量学面临的主要挑战。本文研究将有助于大地测量学者对影像大地测量学内涵的了解和认识,进而更好地应用于教学和科研工作中,以及服务国家重大战略和工程建设。

关键词: 影像大地测量学, 发展历程, 内涵和外延, 应用案例, 主要挑战

Abstract: The utilization of remote sensing satellites has led to a significant increase in the use of imagery for acquiring Earth-related data. These satellites offer high observational accuracy and spatio-temporal resolutions, making them valuable tools for obtaining geodetic parameters, such as the shape and size of our planet. This advancement has not only propelled the field of Geodesy but has also given rise to a new discipline known as Imaging Geodesy. Imaging Geodesy has become an interdisciplinary science of Geodesy, Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry and Computer Vision, and has played an important role in the fields of disaster reduction, environmental protection and new energy development. In this paper, the development, definition, key technologies, main contents and development trends of Imaging Geodesy are summarized. With the development of remote sensing satellites and corresponding image processing technologies, the developmental history of Imaging Geodesy can be divided into four stages, i.e. beginning, leaping, in-depth innovation, and comprehensive application. According to the locations of its research objects, Imaging Geodesy's research contents include: observing the Earth's atmosphere, monitoring the Earth's surface, and determining the physical structure of the Earth's interior. To illustrate the practical applications of Imaging Geodesy, five scenarios are presented: generation of digital elevation models, monitoring of atmospheric water vapor, detection and monitoring of active landslides, investigation of earthquake cycles and monitoring of soil moisture. One major challenge of Imaging Geodesy is how to fuse and process the big data from multiple sources in near real time. It is believed that this paper would assist geodesy scholars in better understanding Imaging Geodesy, enabling them to integrate this emerging field into their teaching and research and to contribute to national strategies and project developments.

Key words: Imaging Geodesy, history of development, intension and extension, applications, major challenges

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