测绘学报

• 学术论文 •    

基于城市形态学原理的面状地物层次索引方法

赵彬彬1,邓敏2,李光强3   

  1. 1. 长沙理工大学
    2. 中南大学
    3. 中南大学 测绘与国土信息工程系
  • 收稿日期:2009-04-23 修回日期:2009-07-01 出版日期:2010-08-25 发布日期:2010-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 赵彬彬

A New Hierarchical Spatial Index Based on Urban Morphology

, ,LI Guang-Qiang   

  • Received:2009-04-23 Revised:2009-07-01 Online:2010-08-25 Published:2010-08-25

摘要: 城市形态取决于城市规模、地形、城市用地功能组织和道路网结构等因素,其基础骨架是交通轴线和水系轴线。本文基于城市形态学基本原理,依据道路、水系等自然要素将地图空间划分为Enclave、Block、Superblock和Neighbourhood四个层次,在此基础之上,提出了一种新的GIS空间层次索引方法,并扩展了现有空间索引分类框架。不难发现,基于自然网格的空间划分方式不仅符合人的认知,同时有效地避免了地物跨网格分布的情况,通过实验证明索引记录的冗余对查询速度具有直接而显著的影响。

Abstract: Urban morphology is closely related with natural conditions, functional organization of land use and road network structure. Its basic skeleton is formed by axes of road and hydrographic network. Based on the principle of urban morphology, map space can be partitioned into four levels with its components being enclave, block, superblock and neighbourhood, which is obtained by some topographic features such as roads and hydrographic networks. Obviously, this way of partition is very natural and consistent with human cognition, and thus the basic components at each level are called natural grids. Indeed, the partition can effectively avoid such case that topographic features cross grids, which often occurs in the partition based on regular grids. A new kind of hierarchical spatial index method is further proposed based upon the natural grids, which can be combined into existing classification framework of spatial index. Several experiments are employed to prove that the redundancy of index recording in grid affects its efficiency greatly. In addition, the approaches of space partition and index building in this paper can be further used for map generalization and map updating, thus provide the basis for them in both theory and technology.