测绘学报

• 学术论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于机载LiDAR数据的大型立交桥三维建模方法

陈卓,马洪超   

  1. 武汉大学遥感信息工程学院
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-16 修回日期:2011-09-19 出版日期:2012-04-25 发布日期:2012-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 陈卓

3D Modeling Approach of City Cloverleaf from Airborne LiDAR Data

  • Received:2011-08-16 Revised:2011-09-19 Online:2012-04-25 Published:2012-04-25

摘要: 大型立交桥是城市交通的重要组成部分,也是城市地区中最为复杂的地物之一。立交桥三维可视化建模是数字化城市建设的重要课题,然而其复杂的几何与拓扑结构导致许多传统的统一建模方法无法正确表达其特征,一些商业软件中的表达方法又过于抽象,无法提供直观的感受以及交互式的处理。本文提出一种基于机载LiDAR数据的大型立交桥建模方法。主要特点包括:1)采用了分割后建模的策略,提出了自动的立交桥结构分割方法,能够将复杂的交汇、分叉结构分割成多个结构简单的区段,为后续建模工作打下了重要基础;2)在轮廓中确立约束边,采用全约束三角网建模方法,建立了立交桥三维可视化模型;3)利用区段建模信息结合先验知识检测并恢复被遮挡的结构。实验结果表明,本文先分割后建模的思想在复杂结构立交桥的建模问题上可以取得令人满意的结果,全约束三角网建模的方法很好的保留了模型的三维特征,更重要的是可用于恢复被遮挡的结构,从而使得模型具有完整的三维结构。整个模型在地理位置,几何尺寸以及拓扑关系上均与实际地物保持一致,具备三维浏览以及交互式操作的条件。对模型质量和算法效率的分析进一步说明了本文方法的可行性、有效性。

Abstract: The cloverleaf is an important component of urban traffic planning, at the same time it is one of the most complex features in the city. The 3D visualization problem of cloverleaf is a serious topic in cyber-city construction. To the reason of its complexity in construction and topology, results made by many traditional unified modeling functions are not able to reflect its spatial significance, while the abstract expressions of some commercial software cannot provide intuitional investigation and interactive operation. To solve these problems, this paper presents a method to build 3D visualization model of city cloverleaf based on airborne laser scanner data. The prime features include: 1) the method enters the modeling step after the segmentation of cloverleaf datasets. We provides a automatic segmentation algorithm which divide the complex structure of road divaricates and cross into sections of simple construction. This operation laid a solid foundation for the next work; 2) we use all-constraint triangulation algorithm to build the model of cloverleaf, the constraint section is chosen from the contour; 3) we can detect and reconstruct the absent part of the data occluded by the upper structure, it is based on the model features of sections combines with priori knowledge. The results shows our function which build the 3D model after the segmentation process can worked out satisfactorily, the all-constraint triangulation algorithm keep well of the spatial characters of cloverleaf, more importantly, it can help to rebuild the part occluded by the upper structure. The analysis further explains the feasibility and efficiency of our method.