测绘地理信息产品抽样检验的两类错误概率

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20180108

测绘学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8): 954-959.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20180108

测绘地理信息产品抽样检验的两类错误概率

蔡艳辉¹, 程鹏飞², 张莉¹, 徐彦田²

1. 国家测绘产品质量检验测试中心, 北京 100830;
2. 中国测绘科学研究院, 北京 100830

收稿日期:2018-03-05 修回日期:2018-09-10 出版日期:2019-08-20 发布日期:2019-08-27
作者简介:蔡艳辉(1973-),男,博士,研究员,研究方向为高精度卫星导航定位技术与应用、测绘产品质量检验和测试技术与方法。E-mail:caiyh@casm.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家863计划（2015AA124001）；国家测绘产品质量检验测试中心“质量之翼”项目（2018-zlzy-013）；中国测绘科学研究院基本科研项目（7771717）；中国工程院咨询研究项目（2017-XZ-13）

Probabilities of two types of errors in sampling inspection for surveying and mapping products

CAI Yanhui¹, CHENG Pengfei², ZHANG Li¹, XU Yantian²

1. National Quality Inspecting and Testing Center of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China;
2. Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China

Received:2018-03-05 Revised:2018-09-10 Online:2019-08-20 Published:2019-08-27
Supported by:
The National High-tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program)(No. 2015AA124001);"Wings of Quality" Program of QICS(No. 2018-zlzy-013);The Fundamental Research Project of CASM (No. 7771717);The Consulting Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(No. 2017-XZ-13)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对测绘地理信息产品抽样检验的要求，给出了两类错误概率的计算方法，并通过各种不同抽样方案的两类错误概率值，分析了现行的国标GB/T24356-2009抽样检验的特点。同时针对大批量整体抽样检验和分批抽样检验，通过实例计算，说明了大批量整体检验与分批检验对整体通过概率的等价性以及分批检验的不合理性。基于"纳伪"概率值分析，提出了低合格率总体条件下，抽样检验自身的高"纳伪"概率将导致抽样检验的失效性，并通过实际算例计算了导致检验结论失真的质量边界，对测绘地理信息产品的质量风险控制具有重要意义。

关键词: 测绘地理信息, 质量检验, 抽样方案, 第Ⅰ类错误, 第Ⅱ类错误

Abstract: Based on theory of hypothesis testing, a function of calculating probabilities of two types of errors is proposed, which is adopted inanalyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different sampling schemes given in the National Standard GB/T24356-2009. Under the circumstance of large lot size, the sampling inspection should be carried out lot by lot with the lot size less than 200 and the least lot number. Investigations on such procedure are made base on the probability distributions of two types of errors. Numerical results of type I error show that the whole lot inspection is equivalent to the sub-lot inspections sequence from the point of probability of positive null hypothesis. At the same time, experiment results of type Ⅱ error with the typical sampling scheme show that the conclusions of sampling inspection according to the requests of GB/T24356-2009 may be badly wrong under the situation of low percentage of defectiveness.

Key words: surveying and mapping, quality inspection, sampling schemes, type I error, type II error

中图分类号:

P207

蔡艳辉, 程鹏飞, 张莉, 徐彦田. 测绘地理信息产品抽样检验的两类错误概率[J]. 测绘学报, 2019, 48(8): 954-959.

CAI Yanhui, CHENG Pengfei, ZHANG Li, XU Yantian. Probabilities of two types of errors in sampling inspection for surveying and mapping products[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2019, 48(8): 954-959.

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测绘地理信息产品抽样检验的两类错误概率

Probabilities of two types of errors in sampling inspection for surveying and mapping products

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