附加傅里叶补偿项的卫星遥感影像RFM平差方法

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2021.20200429

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 卫星光学遥感影像的几何畸变是制约其定位精度的重要原因。采用一般系统误差补偿模型难以从根本上消除影像复杂畸变。本文在有理函数模型RFM平差方案基础上，根据傅里叶级数的逼近特性，提出用二元傅里叶多项式代替一般多项式作为系统误差补偿项，以适用符合连续条件的任意形式畸变。仿真和实际数据平差试验结果表明，本文方法能够有效补偿由于影像内外方位元素误差造成的像方定位系统误差及不同大小的畸变。在控制点充足的条件下，附加3阶傅里叶补偿项的RFM平差定位精度显著优于附加一般多项式补偿项的常规方法，其中SPOT-5异轨立体像对平差后平面和高程定位精度可分别达到3.34 m和2.48 m，QuickBird同轨立体像对平差后平面和高程定位精度分别达到0.77 m和0.54 m，均达到了子像素精度水平。二元傅里叶多项式可作为一种通用的影像系统误差补偿模型，拓展应用于航空和近景影像的畸变校正。

关键词: 卫星遥感影像, 有理函数模型, 光束法平差, 傅里叶多项式, 系统误差补偿

Abstract: The geometric distortion of satellite optical remote sensing images is an important factor that restricts its positioning accuracy. It is difficult to completely eliminate the complex distortion of the image using the common system error compensation model. Based on the rational function model adjustment scheme, and according to the approximation characteristics of the Fourier series, this paper proposes to replace the general polynomial with a binary Fourier polynomial as the system error compensation term to adapt to any form of distortion that meets the continuous condition. Simulation and actual data adjustment test results show that the new method can effectively compensate the image positioning system errors caused by the inaccurate internal and external orientation elements of the image and different magnitudes of distortion. Given enough ground control points, the positioning accuracy of the RFM adjustment using the third-order Fourier compensation term is significantly better than that of the traditional method using general polynomial compensation terms. The positioning accuracy of the plane and elevation after the adjustment of the SPOT-5 different track stereo image can reach 3.34 m and 2.48 m, the plane and elevation positioning accuracy of QuickBird co-track stereo image pair adjustment reached 0.77 m and 0.54 m, both reaching the sub-pixel accuracy level. The binary Fourier polynomial can be used as a general image system error compensation model, which can be further applied to the distortion correction process of aerial and close-range images.

Key words: satellite remote sensing image, rational function model, bundle adjustment, Fourier polynomial, system error compensation

中图分类号:

P237

余俊鹏, 吴伟东, 孙佳明, 满益云, 沈刚. 附加傅里叶补偿项的卫星遥感影像RFM平差方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(1): 127-134.

YU Junpeng, WU Weidong, SUN Jiaming, MAN Yiyun, SHEN Gang. A RFM adjustment method for satellite remote sensing image with Fourier compensation[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2022, 51(1): 127-134.

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