北斗多频观测最小噪声系数组合法

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2023.20220467

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在卫星高精度定位中,采用多频观测量组合可以构建长波长、无电离层延迟、无几何距离等组合,有效解决定位过程中的载波相位模糊度、电离层延迟、周跳等问题。本文在多频实系数组合方面,提出一种多频最小噪声系数组合方法,以组合后噪声系数最小为基本原则,并根据电离层延迟的影响分析了忽略电离层延迟和综合电离层延迟的组合。在多频最小噪声系数组合过程中,采用的频点个数越多,组合后的观测量精度越高。忽略电离层延迟组合主要考虑观测噪声的影响,北斗双频、三频、四频、五频、六频的最优组合相比于单频观测量,理论观测量精度分别提升了40%、53%、58%、62%、64%;综合电离层延迟组合兼顾电离层延迟和噪声系数的影响,通过适当放大噪声系数来降低电离层系数。在实际接收的观测量验证时,最小噪声系数组合的观测量精度提升效果与理论分析的变化趋势基本一致,采用实际数据进行北斗PPP定位分析,结果表明,双频最小噪声系数的定位精度略优于非差非组合。

关键词: 最小噪声系数, 北斗, 多频观测量组合, 最优组合, 观测量精度

Abstract: In high-precision satellite positioning, multi-frequency observation can be used to construct combinations such as long wavelength, ionospheric-free delay and geometric-free distance, which can effectively solve the problems of carrier phase ambiguity, ionospheric delay and cycle slip. In this paper, a multi-frequency minimum noise coefficient combination method is proposed in terms of real coefficient combination, which takes the minimum noise coefficient after combination as the basic principle, and analyzes the minimum noise coefficient combination between ionospheric-free and ionospheric-combined case.In the process of minimum noise coefficient combination, the more frequency points used, the higher the observation accuracy after the combination.Ionospheric-free minimum noise coefficient combination mainly considered the influence of observed noise, and compared with single frequency observation, the optimal combination of dual-frequency, triple-frequency, four-frequency, five-frequency and six-frequency improve the observation accuracy by 40%, 53%, 58%, 62% and 64%, respectively.Ionospheric-combined minimum noise coefficient combination takes into account the effect of ionospheric delay and reduces the ionospheric coefficient by appropriately weakening the effect of noise coefficient.According to actual signal results, the improvement effect is basically consistent with the change trend of theoretical analysis.The actual data is used to analyze the positioning accuracy of BDS PPP in decimeter-level satellite-based augmentation service, and the results show that the positioning accuracy of minimum noise coefficient combination is slightly better than that of undifferenced and uncombined observations.

Key words: minimum noise coefficient, BDS, multi-frequency observation combination, optimal combination, observation accuracy

中图分类号:

P228.1

元荣, 谢胜利, 高峰, 李珍妮, 黄汉军. 北斗多频观测最小噪声系数组合法[J]. 测绘学报, 2023, 52(8): 1298-1304.

YUAN Rong, XIE Shengli, GAO Feng, LI Zhenni, HUANG Hanjun. BDS multi-frequency observation minimum noise coefficient combination method[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2023, 52(8): 1298-1304.

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