L波段差分干涉SAR卫星严格回归轨道优化设计方法

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2024.20230250.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

相比于传统SAR卫星应用方向，我国第一代L波段差分干涉SAR卫星主要用于实现全球精准地表形变测量。为了达到重轨差分干涉优于5 cm的形变测量指标，首先需要解决卫星空间基准轨道高精度回归的工程难题。对此，本文提出一种严格回归轨道优化设计方法，通过地球重力场阶数需求分析建立卫星高阶动力学模型，将J4摄动下修正的太阳同步回归轨道参数作为优化算法初值，以卫星WGS-84坐标系位置、速度回归精度满足收敛阈值为目标，利用启发式多目标进化算法开展轨道参数寻优。仿真试验表明，寻优结果回归精度可达厘米级，优于既定工程指标，并且本文方法有效性和正确性已经过L波段差分干涉SAR卫星在轨验证。

关键词: 严格回归轨道, 合成孔径雷达差分干涉, 高阶重力场, 优化轨道设计, L波段差分干涉SAR卫星

Abstract:

Compared with the traditional application direction of SAR satellites, the first generation of China's L-band differential interferometric SAR (L-SAR) satellite is mainly used to realize global accurate surface deformation measurement. In order to achieve the deformation measurement index of heavy-orbit differential interferometry better than 5 cm, it is necessary to solve the engineering problem of high-precision regression of satellite reference orbit. In this paper, a precision reference repeating orbit optimization design method is proposed. The high-order dynamic model is established by analyzing the impact of gravity field with different complexities on the precision of regression orbits; The modified sun-synchronous regression orbit parameters achieved by taking into account J4 perturbation are used as the initial value for the algorithm, and carry out the orbit optimization by using a heuristic multi-objective evolutionary algorithm with the goal of satisfying the convergent domain value of the satellite's position and velocity regression accuracy in the WGS-84 coordinate system. Simulation tests show that the regression accuracy of the optimization results can reach centimeter level, which is better than the established engineering indexes, and the validity and correctness of the method have been verified by L-SAR satellites in orbit.

Key words: strictly-regressive orbit, differential interferometric SAR, high gravity order model, optimal orbit design, L-SAR

中图分类号:

P228

李楠, 温俊健, 刘艳阳, 凌惠祥, 魏春, 陈筠力. L波段差分干涉SAR卫星严格回归轨道优化设计方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(10): 1873-1880.

Nan LI, Junjian WEN, Yanyang LIU, Huixiang LING, Chun WEI, Junli CHEN. An strictly-regressive orbit optimization algorithm for L-band differential interferometric SAR satellite[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2024, 53(10): 1873-1880.

图/表 15

图1

表1

表2

图2

图3

表3

表4

图4

图5

图6

图7

表5

图8

图9

图10

参考文献 25

[1]	李涛, 唐新明, 李世金, 等. L波段差分干涉SAR卫星基础形变产品分类[J]. 测绘学报, 2023, 52(5):769-779. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2023.20220050
	LI Tao, TANG Xinming, LI Shijin, et al. Classification of basic deformation products of L-band differential interferometric SAR satellite[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2023, 52(5):769-779. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2023.20220050
[2]	李涛, 唐新明, 高小鹏, 等. SAR卫星业务化地形测绘能力分析与展望[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(7):891-904. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2021.20200199
	LI Tao, TANG Xinming, GAO Xiaopeng, et al. Analysis and outlook of the operational topographic surveying and mapping capability of the SAR satellites[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2021, 50(7):891-904. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2021.20200199
[3]	李楠, 丛琳, 陈重华, 等. 多约束条件分布式InSAR编队构形工程优化方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(12):2440-2447. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20210381
	LI Nan, CONG Lin, CHEN Chonghua, et al. An engineering optimization method for distributed spaceborne InSAR formation configuration based on multiple constraints[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2022, 51(12):2440-2447. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20210381
[4]	陈重华, 李楠, 完备, 等. InSAR卫星编队构形保持控制方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(12):2448-2454. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20210382
	CHEN Chonghua, LI Nan, WAN Bei, et al. Formation-maintaining control strategy for InSAR satellite[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2022, 51(12):2448-2454. DOI:. doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20210382
[5]	靳国旺. InSAR地形测绘若干问题研究[J]. 测绘学报, 2011, 40(5):48-55.
	JIN Guowang. Research on key technologies of InSAR topographic surveying and mapping[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2011, 40(5):48-55.
[6]	ZINK M, BARTUSCH M, MILLER D. TanDEM-X mission starus[C]//Proceedings of 2011 IEEE International Geoscience & Remote Sensing Symposium. New York: IEEE, 2011: 2290-2293.
[7]	罗海滨, 何秀凤, 刘焱雄. 利用DInSAR和GPS综合方法估计地表3维形变速率[J]. 测绘学报, 2008, 37(2):168-171.
	LUO Haibin, HE Xiufeng, LIU Yanxiong. Estimation of three-dimensional surface motion velocities using integration of DInSAR and GPS[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2008, 37(2):168-171.
[8]	查显杰, 傅容珊, 戴志阳. DInSAR技术对不同方位形变的敏感性研究[J]. 测绘学报, 2006, 35(2):133-137.
	ZHA Xianjie, FU Rongshan, DAI Zhiyang. The sensitivity of DInSAR to surface deformation in different direction[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2006, 35(2):133-137.
[9]	CHRISTIAN A, SIMONE D A, EINEDER M. Precise ground-the-loop orbit control for low earth observation satellite[C]//Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Space Flight Dynamics. Munich: [s.n.], 2004: 333-338.
[10]	OCHS S, PITZ W. The TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X satellites[C]//Proceedings of 2007 International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies. Istanbul: IEEE, 2007: 294-298.
[11]	ROSENGREN M. The orbit control of ERS-1 and ERS-2 for a very accurate TANDEM configuration[J]. RBCM, 1999(21):72-78.
[12]	SUZUKI S, KANKAKU Y, OSAWA Y. ALOS-2 development status and draft acquisition strategy[C]//Proceedings of Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites ⅩⅣ. Edinburgh: SPIE, 2012: 2288-2291.
[13]	陈洁, 汤国建. 太阳同步卫星的轨道设计[J]. 上海航天, 2004, 21(3):34-38.
	CHEN Jie, TANG Guojian. Orbit design of Sun-synchronous satellite[J]. Aerospace Shangha, 2004, 21(3):34-38.
[14]	曲宏松, 张叶, 金光. 基于Q值选取的太阳同步回归轨道设计算法[J]. 光学精密工程, 2008, 16(9):1688-1694.
	QU Hongsong, ZHANG Ye, JIN Guang. Repeat Sun-synchronous orbit design method based on Q value selection[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2008, 16(9):1688-1694.
[15]	AORPIMAI M, PALMER P L. Repeat-groundtrack orbit acquisition and maintenance for earth-observation satellites[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 2007, 30(3):654-659.
[16]	邵凯, 张厚喆, 秦显平, 等. 分布式InSAR编队卫星精密绝对和相对轨道确定[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(5):580-588. DOI:. doi: 10.1947/j.AGCS.2021.20200415
	SHAO Kai, ZHANG Houzhe, QIN Xianping, et al. Precise absolute and relative orbit determination for distributed InSAR satellite system[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2021, 50(5):580-588. DOI:. doi: 10.1947/j.AGCS.2021.20200415
[17]	ANTONY J W, GONZALEZ J H, SCHWERDT M, et al. Results of the TanDEM-X baseline calibration[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2013, 6(3):1495-1501.
[18]	MARTONE M, BRÄUTIGAM B, RIZZOLI P, et al. Coherence evaluation of TanDEM-X interferometric data[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2012, 73:21-29.
[19]	孙俊, 黄静, 张宪亮, 等. 地球轨道航天器编队飞行动力学与控制研究综述[J]. 力学与实践, 2019, 41(2):117-136.
	SUN Jun, HUANG Jing, ZHANG Xianliang, et al. Dynamics and control of spacecraft formation flying in earth orbit[J]. Mechanics in Engineering, 2019, 41(2):117-136.
[20]	VTIPIL S, NEWMAN B. Determining an earth observation repeat ground track orbit for an optimization methodology[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2012, 49(1):157-164.
[21]	VALLADO D. Fundamentals of astrodynamics and applications[M]. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001.
[22]	MORTARI D, GONZALES M E A, LEE S. J2-propelled orbits and constellations[J]. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, 2014, 37(5):1701-1706.
[23]	SIMONE D A, CHRISTIAN A, KIRSCHNER M, et al. Generation of an optimum target trajectory for the TerraSAR-X repeat observation satellite[C]//Proceedings of the 18th International Symposium on Space Flight Dynamics. Pasadena: IEEE, 2004: 1011-1015.
[24]	何艳超, 徐明, 张润宁, 等. 高精度重力场下回归轨道半解析优化设计[J]. 宇航学报, 2016, 37(5):526-534.
	HE Yanchao, XU Ming, ZHANG Running, et al. Semi-analytical optimization of repeat-groundtrack orbit in the high precision earth gravity field[J]. Journal of Astronautics, 2016, 37(5):526-534.
[25]	SENGUPTA P, VADALI S R, ALFRIEND K T. Satellite orbit design and maintenance for terrestrial coverage[J]. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 2010, 47(1):177-187.

轨道参数	2阶	4阶	60阶	80阶	90阶	120阶
a	6 948.446 9	6 948.488 1	6 948.519 3	6 948.519 3	6 948.519 4	6 948.519 4
e	0.001 195 3	0.001 195 4	0.001 322 5	0.001 322 9	0.001 323 1	0.001 323 3
i	97.629 903	97.654 108	97.651 711	97.651 713	97.651 717	97.651 719
Ω	159.716 93	159.716 93	159.716 93	159.716 93	159.716 93	159.716 93
ω	113.334 56	113.338 79	110.981 27	110.981 07	110.970 96	110.970 96
M	66.665 542	66.661 309	69.018 849	69.018 962	69.029 158	69.029 211

除数	位置回归精度/m	速度回归精度/(m/s)
2阶	10 089.052 214	11.194 747
4阶	4 457.062 727	4.969 07
60阶	2.243 674	0.167 434
80阶	1.292 636	0.103 657
90阶	0.372 182	0.070 007 1
120阶	0.315 378	0.067 265 4

轨道参数	2阶解析解	4阶修正解
a	6 898.187 8	6 898.230 5
e	0.001 193	0.001 193
i	97.477 8	97.501 8
Ω	11.360 9	11.360 9
ω	113.116 5	113.116 5
M	66.883 6	66.883 6

轨道参数	瞬根	平根
a	6 907.677 1	6 898.263 6
e	0.001 332	0.001 246
i	97.494 4	97.499 5
Ω	11.360 9	11.360 6
ω	111.056 8	90
M	68.943 3	90

地固系位置、速度		初始时刻	终端时刻
位置	x/m	-2 266.347 7	-2 266.346 8
	y/m	-6 986 691.567 8	-6 986 691.568 2
	z/m	-16 530.631 6	-16 530.631 5
速度	v_x/(m/s)	-1 536.571 6	-1 536.566 3
	v_y/(m/s)	9.194 9	9.197 1
	v_z/(m/s)	-7 484.842 9	-7 484.843 6
位置均方回归误差/m			0.001 0
速度均方回归误差/(m/s)			0.005 8