多源异构数据的大规模地理知识图谱构建

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20180113

测绘学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 1051-1061.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20180113

多源异构数据的大规模地理知识图谱构建

蒋秉川^1,2, 万刚², 许剑^1,3,4, 李锋², 温荟琦²

1. 地理信息工程国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710054;
2. 信息工程大学地理空间信息学院, 河南郑州 450001;
3. 清华大学建筑学院, 北京 100084;
4. 西安测绘研究所, 陕西西安 710054

收稿日期:2018-03-16 修回日期:2018-05-07 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-08-22
作者简介:蒋秉川(1984-),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为时空大数据分析与地理知识图谱。E-mail:jbc021@163.com
基金资助:
国防科技基金（3601023；3601020）；河南省科技攻关计划（182102210147）；地理信息工程国家重点实验室开放研究基金（SKLGIE2017-M-4-3）；信息工程大学校新兴科研方向培育基金（210502020）

Geographic Knowledge Graph Building Extracted from Multi-sourced Heterogeneous Data

JIANG Bingchuan^1,2, WAN Gang², XU Jian^1,3,4, LI Feng², WEN Huiqi²

1. State Key Laboratory of Geo-information Engineering, Xi'an 710054, China;
2. Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
3. School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
4. Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710054, China

Received:2018-03-16 Revised:2018-05-07 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-22
Supported by:
The National Defense Science and Technology Foundation of China(Nos. 3601023;3601020);The Science and Technology Program of Henan(No. 182102210147);The Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geo-information Engineering(No. SKLGIE2017-M-4-3);The Foundation for New Research Direction of PLA Information Engineering University(No. 210502020)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 虚拟地理环境作为新一代的地理语言，需要通过对多源异构时空数据的分析与挖掘，构建虚拟地理环境知识工程，实现“数据—信息—知识—智慧”的转化，促进智能虚拟地理环境系统中地理知识的快速转换和融合，从而为虚拟地理环境中地理信息的智能化处理、地理知识的智慧化服务提供支撑。知识图谱是人工智能与虚拟地理环境知识工程相结合的桥梁。本文系统评述了知识图谱、地理知识图谱的研究现状，提出了地理知识图谱的构建流程，重点研究了地理知识图谱构建的关键技术，讨论和阐述了地理知识图谱的应用方向。本文的研究将有助于实现地理信息的知识化，提高虚拟地理环境系统的智能化服务水平。

关键词: 虚拟地理环境, 地理知识, 知识图谱, 地理知识图谱

Abstract: As a new generation of geographic language,virtual geographic environments(VGE) needs to construct the virtual geographic knowledge engineering through the analysis and excavation of multi-sourced heterogeneous spatio-temporal data.Through the transformation about "data-information-knowledge-wisdom",it can promote the rapid conversion and integration of geographic knowledge for intelligent VGE system,which may provide a theoretical and technical support for intelligent processing of geographic information and intelligent service of geographic knowledge.Knowledge graph plays the role of a bridge between artificial intelligence and knowledge engineering for VGE system.This paper firstly reviewed the research status in knowledge graph and geographic knowledge graph from the domestic and abroad perspectives.Then,the construction process of geographic knowledge graph is proposed.Furthermore,the key technologies of geographic knowledge graph are discussed in depth.Finally,the application direction of geographic knowledge graph is discussed and stated.The study of geographic knowledge graph in this paper may help to realize the knowledgization of geographic information and promote the intelligent service level for VGE system.

Key words: virtual geographic environments, geographic knowledge, knowledge graph, geographic knowledge graph

中图分类号:

P208

蒋秉川, 万刚, 许剑, 李锋, 温荟琦. 多源异构数据的大规模地理知识图谱构建[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1051-1061.

JIANG Bingchuan, WAN Gang, XU Jian, LI Feng, WEN Huiqi. Geographic Knowledge Graph Building Extracted from Multi-sourced Heterogeneous Data[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2018, 47(8): 1051-1061.

参考文献

[1] 林珲, 游兰. 虚拟地理环境知识工程初探[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2015, 17(12):1423-1430. LIN Hui, YOU Lan. A Tentative Study on Knowledge Engineering for Virtual Geographic Environments[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2015, 17(12):1423-1430.
[2] LAURINI R. Towards Smart Urban Planning through Knowledge Infrastructure[C]//Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Advanced Geographic Information Systems, Applications, and Services. Nice, France:IARIA, 2017:75-80.
[3] 林珲, 张春晓, 陈旻, 等. 论虚拟地理环境对地理知识的表达与共享[J]. 遥感学报, 2016, 20(5):1290-1298. DOI:10.11834/lrs.20166185. LIN Hui, ZHANG Chunxiao, CHEN Min, et al. On Virtual Geographic Environments for Geographic Knowledge Representation and Sharing[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2016, 20(5):1290-1298. DOI:10.11834/lrs.20166185.
[4] ROWLEY J. The Wisdom Hierarchy:Representations of the DIKW Hierarchy[J]. Journal of Information Science, 2007, 33(2):163-180.
[5] LIN Hui, CHEN Min, LÜ Guonian, et al. Virtual Geographic Environments (VGE):A New Generation of Geographic Analysis Tool[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2013, 126:74-84.
[6] CHEN Min, LIN Hui, LÜ Guonian. Virtual Geographic Environments[C]//International Encyclopedia of Geography.[S.l.]:American Association of Geographers (AAG), 2017. DOI:10.1002/9781118786352.wbieg0448.
[7] 漆桂林, 高桓, 吴天星. 知识图谱研究进展[J]. 情报工程, 2017, 3(1):4-25. DOI:10.3772/j.issn.2095-915x.2017.01.002. QI Guilin, GAO Huan, WU Tianxing. The Research Advances of Knowledge Graph[J]. Technology Intelligence Engineering, 2017, 3(1):4-25. DOI:10.3772/j.issn.2095-915x.2017.01.002.
[8] SOWA J F. Principles of Semantic Networks:Exploration in the Representation of Knowledge[M]. San Mateo, Calif:Morgan Kaufmann, 1991:135-157.
[9] 李涓子, 侯磊. 知识图谱研究综述[J]. 山西大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 40(3):454-459. LI Juanzi, HOU Lei. Reviews on Knowledge Graph Research[J]. Journal of Shanxi University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 40(3):454-459.
[10] BERNERS-LEE T, HENDLER J, LASSILA O. The Semantic Web:A New Form of Web content that is Meaningful to Computers Will Unleash A Revolution of New Possibilities[J]. Scientific American, 2001, 284(5):34-43.
[11] BIZER C, HEATH T, BERNERS-LEE T, et al. Linked Data:The Story So Far[J]. International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems, 2009, 5(3):1-22.
[12] AUER S, BIZER C, KOBILAROV G, et al. Dbpedia:A Nucleus for A Web of Open Data[M]//Aberer K, Choi K S, Noy N,et al. The Semantic Web. Berlin, Heidelberg:Springer, 2007:722-735.
[13] SUCHANEK F M, KASNECI G, WEIKUM G. Yago:A Core of Semantic Knowledge[C]//Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web. Banff, Alberta, Canada:ACM, 2007:697-706.
[14] WU Wentao, LI Hongsong, WANG Haixun, et al. Probase:A Probabilistic Taxonomy for Text Understanding[C]//Proceedings of 2012 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data. Scottsdale, Arizona:ACM, 2012:481-492.
[15] NAVIGLI R, PONZETTO S P. BabelNet:Building A Very Large Multilingual Semantic Network[C]//Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Uppsala, Sweden:Association for Computational Linguistics, 2010:216-225.
[16] NIU Xing, SUN Xinruo, WANG Haofen, et al. Zhishi. Me-Weaving Chinese Linking Open Data[M]//AROYO L, WELTY C, ALANI H, et al. The Semantic Web-ISWC 2011. Berlin, Heidelberg:Springer, 2011:205-220.
[17] XU Bo, XU Yong, LIANG Jiaqing, et al. CN-DBpedia:A Never-Ending Chinese Knowledge Extraction System[C]//Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems. Arras, France:Springer, 2017:428-438.
[18] 王伟星, 龚建华. 地学知识可视化概念特征与研究进展[J]. 地理与地理信息科学, 2009, 25(4):1-7. WANG Weixing, GONG Jianhua. Concept, Characteristics and Advances of Geographic Knowledge Visualization[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2009, 25(4):1-7.
[19] 龚建华, 李亚斌, 王道军, 等. 地理知识可视化中知识图特征与应用——以小流域淤地坝系规划为例[J]. 遥感学报, 2008, 12(2):355-361. GONG Jianhua, LI Yabin, WANG Daojun, et al. Characteristics and Applications of Knowledge Maps in Geographic Knowledge Visualization:A Case Study of Spatial Planning of Dam Systems in Watersheds[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2008, 12(2):355-361.
[20] DANGERMOND J. Geographic Knowledge:Our New Infrastructure[M]. Redlands, CA:ArcNews, 2010.
[21] 陆锋, 余丽, 仇培元. 论地理知识图谱[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2017, 19(6):723-734. DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00723. LU Feng, YU Li, QIU Peiyuan. On Geographic Knowledge Graph[J]. Journal of Geo-Information Science, 2017, 19(6):723-734. DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1047.2017.00723.
[22] 陆锋, 张恒才. 大数据与广义GIS[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2014, 39(6):645-654. DOI:10.132023/j.whugis20140148. LU Feng, ZHANG Hengcai. Big Data and Generalized GIS[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2014, 39(6):645-654. DOI:10.132023/j.whugis20140148.
[23] 陈述彭, 岳天祥, 励惠国. 地学信息图谱研究及其应用[J]. 地理研究, 2000, 19(4):337-343. CHEN Shupeng, YUE Tianxiang, LI Huiguo. Studies on Geo-Informatic Tupu and Its Application[J]. Geographical Research, 2000, 19(4):337-343.
[24] 廖克. 地学信息图谱的探讨与展望[J]. 地球信息科学, 2002(1):14-20. LIAO Ke. The Discussion and Prospect for Geo-informatic Tupu[J]. Geo-information Science, 2002(1):14-20.
[25] BALLATORE A, WILSON D C, BERTOLOTTO M. A Survey of Volunteered Open Geo-knowledge Bases in the Semantic Web[M]//PASI G, BORDOGNA G, JAIN L C. Quality Issues in the Management of Web Information. Berlin, Heidelberg:Springer, 2013:93-120.
[26] MARRERO M, URBANO J, SÁNCHEZ-CUADRADO S, et al. Named Entity Recognition:Fallacies, Challenges and Opportunities[J]. Computer Standards and Interfaces, 2013, 35(5):482-489.
[27] DAVIES C. Reading Geography Between the Lines:Extracting Local Place Knowledge from Text[M]//TENBRINK T, STELL J, GALTON A, et al. Spatial Information Theory. Cham:Springer, 2013, 8116:320-337.
[28] 余丽, 陆锋, 刘希亮. 开放式地理实体关系抽取的Bootstrapping方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2016, 45(5):616-622. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2106.20150181. YU Li, LU Feng, LIU Xiliang. A Bootstrapping Based Approach for Open Geo-entity Relation Extraction[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2016, 45(5):616-622. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2106.20150181.
[29] LOGLISCI C, IENCO D, ROCHE M, et al. Toward Geographic Information Harvesting:Extraction of Spatial Relational Facts from Web Documents[C]//Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops. Brussels:IEEE, 2012:789-796.
[30] KYZIRAKOS K, KARPATHIOTAKIS M, KOUBARAKIS M. Strabon:A Semantic Geospatial DBMS[C]//Proceedings of the 11th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2012). Boston, MA, USA:Springer, 2012:295-311.
[31] 段红伟, 孟令奎, 黄长青, 等. 面向SPARQL查询的地理语义空间索引构建方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2014, 43(2):193-199. DOI:10.13485/j.cnki.11-2089.2014.0028. DUAN Hongwei, MENG Lingkui, HUANG Changqing, et al. A Method for Geo Semantic Spatial Index on SPARQL Query[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2014, 43(2):193-199. DOI:10.13485/j.cnki.11-2089.2014.0028.
[32] GVR N, PEDERSEN T B, ZIMÁNYI E, et al. A Foundation for Spatial Data Warehouses on the Semantic Web[J]. Semantic Web, 2017:1-31. DOI:10.3233/SW-170281.
[33] GAO Yong, GAO Song, LI Runqiang, et al. A Semantic Geographical Knowledge Wiki System Mashed up with Google Maps[J]. Science China Technological Sciences, 2010, 53(S1):52-60.
[34] LIU Yu, LI Runqiang, CHEN Kaichen, et al. KIDGS:A Geographical Knowledge-informed Digital Gazetteer Service[C]//Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Geoinformatics. Fairfax, VA:IEEE, 2009:1-6.
[35] 王东旭, 诸云强, 潘鹏, 等. 地理数据空间本体构建及其在数据检索中的应用[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2016, 18(4):443-452. WANG Dongxu, ZHU Yunqiang, PAN Peng, et al. Construction of Geodata Spatial Ontology and Its Application in Data Retrieval[J]. Journal of Geo-information Science, 2016, 18(4):443-452.
[36] TRIVEDI R, DAI Hanjun, WANG Yichen, et al. Know-evolve:Deep Temporal Reasoning for Dynamic Knowledge Graphs[C]//Proceedings of the 34th International Conference on Machine Learning. Sydney, Australia:International Convention Centre, 2017, 70:3462-3471.
[37] 张雪英, 闾国年. 自然语言空间关系及其在GIS中的应用研究[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2007, 9(6):77-81. ZHANG Xueying, LÜ Guonian. Natural-language Spatial Relations and Their Applications in GIS[J]. Geo-information Science, 2007, 9(6):77-81.
[38] 乐小虬, 杨崇俊, 于文洋. 基于空间语义角色的自然语言空间概念提取[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2005, 30(12):1100-1103. LE Xiaoqiu, YANG Chongjun, YU Wenyang. Spatial Concept Extraction Based on Spatial Semantic Role in Natural Language[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2005, 30(12):1100-1103.
[39] 杜清运, 任福. 空间信息的自然语言表达模型[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2014, 39(6):682-688. DU Qingyun, REN Fu. Representation Model of Spatial Information in Natural Language[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2014, 39(6):682-688.
[40] 张春菊. 面向中文文本的事件时空与属性信息解析方法研究[J]. 测绘学报, 2015, 44(5):590. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2015.20140657. ZHANG Chunju. Interpretation of Event Spatio-temporal and Attribute Information in Chinese Text[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2015, 44(5):590. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2015.20140657.
[41] SHEN Wei, WANG Jianyong, HAN Jiawei. Entity Linking with a Knowledge Base:Issues, Techniques, and Solutions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2015, 27(2):443-460.
[42] SOCHER R, CHEN Danqi, MANNING C D, et al. Reasoning with Neural Tensor Networks for Knowledge Base Completion[C]//Proceedings of Neural Information Processing Systems. Nevada, USA:MIPS, 2013:926-934.
[43] ARTILES J, LI Qi, CASSIDY T, et al. CUNY BLENDER TAC-KBP2011 Temporal Slot Filling System Description[C]//Proceedings of Text Analysis Conference (TAC).[S.l.]:TAC, 2011.
[44] BLANCO R, OTTAVIANO G, MEIJ E. Fast and Space-efficient Entity Linking for Queries[C]//Proceedings of the Eighth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. Shanghai, China:ACM, 2015:179-188.
[45] ZHANG Wei, SIM Yanchuan, SU Jian, et al. Entity Linking with Effective Acronym Expansion, Instance Selection, and Topic Modeling[C]//Proceedings of the Twenty-second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain:[s.n.],2011:1909-1914.
[46] ALHELBAWY A, GAIZAUSKAS R. Graph Ranking for Collective Named Entity Disambiguation[C]//Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the association for computational linguistics. Baltimore, Maryland:ACL, 2014:75-80.
[47] HUANG Hongzhao, HECK L, JI Heng. Leveraging Deep Neural Networks and Knowledge Graphs for Entity Disambiguation[J]. arXiv preprint arXiv:1504.07678, 2015:1275-1284.
[48] LEE T W, LEWICKI M S, GIROLAMI M, et al. Blind Source Separation of More Sources Than Mixtures Using Overcomplete Representations[J]. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 1999, 6(4):87-90.
[49] QUINLAN J R. Learning Logical Definitions from Relations[J]. Machine Learning, 1990, 5(3):239-266.

多源异构数据的大规模地理知识图谱构建

Geographic Knowledge Graph Building Extracted from Multi-sourced Heterogeneous Data

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 11

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	刘万增, 陈军, 翟曦, 李然, 王新鹏, 赵勇, 朱秀丽, 徐柱, 赵婷婷, 彭云璐, 慎利. 时空知识中心的研究进展与应用[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(9): 1183-1193.
[2]	慎利, 徐柱, 李志林, 刘万增, 崔秉良. 从地理信息服务到地理知识服务:基本问题与发展路径[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(9): 1194-1202.
[3]	朱庆, 曾浩炜, 丁雨淋, 谢潇, 刘飞, 张利国, 李海峰, 胡翰, 张骏骁, 陈力, 陈琳, 张鹏程, 何华贵. 重大滑坡隐患分析方法综述[J]. 测绘学报, 2019, 48(12): 1551-1561.
[4]	林珲, 朱庆, 陈旻. 有无相生虚实互济——虚拟地理环境研究20周年综述[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1027-1030.
[5]	张帆, 胡明远, 林珲. 大数据背景下的虚拟地理认知实验方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1043-1050.
[6]	李锋, 万刚, 蒋秉川, 安籽鹏. 虚拟地理环境时空建模及其作战计划推演应用[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1072-1079.
[7]	陶虹, 乐松山, 校大卫, 孙菱志, 芦宇辰, 汪灵珊, 郑培蓓, 闾国年. 面向地理分析模拟的城市小区场景数据组织方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1080-1088.
[8]	龚建华, 李文航, 张国永, 申申, 黄琳, 孙麇. 增强地理环境中过程可视化方法——以人群疏散模拟为例[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1089-1097.
[9]	胡亚, 朱军, 李维炼, 张昀昊, 胡明远, 曹振宇. 移动VR洪水灾害场景构建优化与交互方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1123-1132.
[10]	李佳祺, 高亦远, 佘江峰. 基于植被分布特征的森林景观建模方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(8): 1133-1140.
[11]	万刚, 曹雪峰. 地理空间信息网格的历史演变与思考[J]. 测绘学报, 2016, 45(S1): 15-22.