HUST-Grace2020模型反演中国大陆区域水储量变化特征分析

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2023.20210693

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国水资源呈现人均水量少且水资源分布不平衡等特点,研究中国大陆区域水储量及其变化特征,对水资源管理与调控意义重大。本文主要利用华中科技大学最新发布的HUST-Grace2020模型计算2003年1月—2016年7月中国大陆区域水储量的变化,并将计算结果与瑞士伯尔尼大学最新发布的COST-G联合解算模型结果、CSR发布的CSR RL06模型结果、ITSG发布的ITSG-Grace2018模型结果和同济大学发布的Tongji-Grace2018模型结果进行对比。结果表明:①利用HUST-Grace2020模型得到的中国大陆15个子流域的水储量变化与COST-G、ITSG-Grace2018、Tongji-Grace2018模型计算结果的一致性均很好。②西南地区边界处的雅鲁藏布江、澜沧江流域水储量变化最大,周年振幅分别为13.75、9.37 cm。长江流域、珠江流域和东南沿海水储量呈明显增长趋势,增加速率分别为0.54、0.78和0.70 cm/a;淮河、海河和雅鲁藏布江水储量呈现减少趋势,减小速率分别为-0.47、-0.88和-1.30 cm/a。③中国大陆水储量变化具有明显的季节性,整体表现为夏秋水储量富足、冬春水储量匮乏。④基于典型流域的水储量变化特征可知,长江流域在2006年与2011年发生极端干旱事件,2010年与2016年发生洪水事件;黄河流域在2003年出现极端干旱事件,2013年出现洪水事件。

关键词: 卫星重力, 等效水高, 中国大陆区域, 干旱洪水事件

Abstract: The characteristics of Chinese water resources are presented less per capita and unbalanced distribution. Therefore, it's significant to manage and regulate water based on water storage variation in Chinese mainland. Based on the latest HUST-Grace2020 model released by Huazhong University of Science and Technology, we analyze the terrestrial water storage (TWS) variations of Chinese mainland during January 2003 to July 2016. In addition, we calculate the TWS variations of the newest COST-G model released by the University of Berne in Switzerland, the CSR RL06 model released by Center of Space Research (CSR), the ITSG-Grace2018 model released by Institute of Geodesy at Graz University of Technology (ITSG) and the Tongji-Grace2018 model released by Tongji University during the same time frame. The results are summarized as follows: ①There is a good agreement between the results derived from HUST-Grace2020 and COST-G, ITSG-Grace2018, Tongji-Grace2018 in terms of the TWSs over 15 river basins in Chinese mainland. ②The water storage of Brahmaputra River and Lancang-Nu Rivers which located at the border of southwestern China varies most significantly. The annual amplitudes of these two regions are 13.75 and 9.37 cm, respectively. The positive TWS yearly trends are observed Yangtze River, Zhujiang River and the southeastern coast, which are 0.54, 0.78, 0.70 cm/a, respectively. In contrast, the TWSs of Huaihe River, Haihe River and Brahmaputra River show decreasing trend, with rates of -0.47, -0.88 and -1.30 cm/a, respectively. ③The TWS variations over Chinese mainland show obvious seasonal characteristics. Generally, the water storages are abundant in summer and autumn, but scarce in winter and spring. ④Based on the analysis of TWS in typical basins, extreme drought events of the Yangtze River Basin occurred in 2006 and 2011, and flood events occurred in 2010 and 2016. In the Yellow River, extreme drought events occurred in 2003 and flood events occurred in 2013.

Key words: satellite gravity, equivalent water height, Chinese mainland, drought and flood events

中图分类号:

P223

马文静, 周浩, 何培培, 郑李均, 罗志才. HUST-Grace2020模型反演中国大陆区域水储量变化特征分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2023, 52(12): 2089-2102.

MA Wenjing, ZHOU Hao, HE Peipei, ZHENG Lijun, LUO Zhicai. Analysis of terrestrial water storage variations in Chinese mainland based on HUST-Grace2020 model[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2023, 52(12): 2089-2102.

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