利用单向多普勒确定“天问一号”轨道

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2023.20220085

摘要/Abstract

摘要： “天问一号”任务中,单向多普勒轨道确定在我国深空探测任务中得到首次实际应用。本文提出了基于单向多普勒的“天问一号”轨道确定方法。首先对单向多普勒进行观测建模和误差理论分析,然后利用“天问一号”中继轨道段的单向多普勒进行定轨计算,最后使用定轨结果与基准轨道的星历进行比较及重叠弧段轨道比较两种方法,分析仅利用单向多普勒的定轨精度,验证了单向多普勒的定轨能力。分析表明,星载频率源的不稳定和太阳相位闪烁噪声是影响单向多普勒测速精度的主要误差源,“天问一号”中继轨道段,仅利用单向多普勒数据可以实现优于1 km的定轨精度,这为未来我国更遥远的深空探测任务实施提供了重要技术存储。

关键词: “天问一号”, 单向多普勒, 轨道确定, 误差分析, 定轨精度

Abstract: Precision orbit determination of Tianwen-1 using one-way Doppler is a first trial in deep space exploration of China. In this paper, a method of orbit determination with one-way Doppler is proposed. Firstly, the observation model of one-way Doppler is established and the theoretical error is analyzed. Secondly, the orbit determination of Tianwen-1 is carried out using one-way Doppler during the relay orbit phase. The orbital accuracy is evaluated in two ways, the first one is orbital comparison with precision orbit determined using UXB and VLBI, the second one is overlap comparison. The results show that the instability of ultra-stable oscillator and phase scintillation error are the main error sources that affect the accuracy of one-way Doppler measurement. The orbital accuracy can be better than 1 km using only one-way Doppler during the relay phase, and can provide important support for China's future deep space exploration missions.

Key words: Tianwen-1, one-way Doppler, orbit determination, error analysis, orbit determination accuracy

中图分类号:

P228

孔静, 张宇, 段建锋, 陈略, 王宏, 樊敏. 利用单向多普勒确定“天问一号”轨道[J]. 测绘学报, 2023, 52(4): 588-595.

KONG Jing, ZHANG Yu, DUAN Jianfeng, CHEN Lue, WANG Hong, FAN Min. Orbit determination of Tianwen-1 with one-way Doppler[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2023, 52(4): 588-595.

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