IFCB时变特性约束的多频GPS/Galileo/BDS-3的PPP算法

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20240183

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多频高精度定位中需要考虑新频率对定位性能的影响。传统相位频间钟偏差（inter frequency clock bias，IFCB）处理方法受制于参考站数量，且与接收机和卫星相关的硬件延迟相关，影响多频精密单点定位（precision point positioning，PPP）的可靠性和准确性。针对IFCB对多全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system，GNSS）多频PPP的影响，本文提出了基于测站IFCB观测值提取功率谱密度（power spectral density，PSD）的算法，进一步构建IFCB参数时变特性约束的多频PPP算法，并全面分析了IFCB的时变特性和不同IFCB模型对非差非组合PPP性能的影响。试验结果表明：依据测站IFCB观测值提取IFCB功率谱密度可行且有效。相较于忽略IFCB方法，采用PSD约束的随机模型估计IFCB，PPP在收敛时间提升最大，提升46.51%，采用iGMAS产品和CNES产品平均提升43.54%、34.50%，三维定位精度分别提升41.68%、32.24%、24.64%。并且，将IFCB采用时变特性约束的随机模型参数优化方案能真实地反映IFCB变化。因此，在多GNSS多频PPP处理中，将IFCB参数采用时变特性约束的随机模型参数优化方案能够加快位置收敛速度，提升定位精度，优于产品改正方法，更有利于实时多频PPP的应用。

关键词: 三频, PPP, 多GNSS, 随机游走, IFCB, 时变特征

Abstract:

The influence of the third frequency on the positioning model needs to be considered in multi-frequency high-precision positioning. The current traditional inter frequency clock bias (IFCB) estimation method is not well adapted to real-time applications, and the reliability and accuracy are limited by the number of stations in the reference network, so the study of IFCB parameters is crucial. In this paper, we focus on studying and analyzing the impact of IFCB on multi-frequency PPP of multi-GNSS, propose a multi-frequency PPP algorithm considering the constraints of time-varying characteristics of IFCB parameters, proposed an algorithm for extracting power spectral density based on station IFCB observations, and comprehensively analyze the time-varying characteristics of IFCB and the impacts of different IFCB models on the performance of un-differential and un-combined PPP. The experimental results show that it is feasible and efficient to extract the IFCB power spectral density using station IFCB observations. Compared with the ignoring IFCB method, the PPP has the largest improvement in convergence time by 46.51% using the random walk process estimation IFCB considering the constraints of PSD, and the average improvement by 43.54% and 34.50% using the iGMAS product and CNES product, and the 3D positioning accuracy by 41.68%, 32.24% and 24.64%, respectively. The adoption of power spectral density constrained IFCB parameters with IFCB time characteristics can truly reflect the IFCB changes. Therefore, in multi-GNSS multi-frequency PPP processing, a random model process that takes the IFCB parameters to be constrained by time-varying properties can speed up convergence and improve the positioning accuracy, which is better than the product correction method and more conducive to the application of real-time multi-frequency PPP.

Key words: tri-frequency, PPP, multi-GNSS, random-walk, IFCB, time-varying

中图分类号:

P228

路阳阳, 祝会忠, 李博, 李军, 徐爱功. IFCB时变特性约束的多频GPS/Galileo/BDS-3的PPP算法[J]. 测绘学报, 2025, 54(2): 233-247.

Yangyang LU, Huizhong ZHU, Bo LI, Jun LI, Aigong XU. PPP algorithm for multi-frequency GPS/Galileo/BDS-3 with IFCB time-varying characteristic constraints[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(2): 233-247.

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摘要

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	来源	本网站

	次数	95
	比例	100%

选项	处理策略
观测值	非组合观测值
频率	BDS-3：B1、B3、B2a；GPS：L1、L2、L5；GA L：E1、E5a、E5b
参数估计	EKF
采样率/s	30
权重方案	高度角定权模型
截止高度角/（°）	7
卫星轨道	WH U精密星历
卫星钟差	WH U精密钟差
PCO	IGS14.atx
PCV	GPS/Galileo
相位缠绕	模型改正
地球固体潮
海洋潮汐
极移
相对论效应
对流层延迟	干延迟（Saastamoinen模型改正）+湿延迟（随机游走估计）
电离层延迟	随机游走
ISB	白噪声
IFB	白噪声
测站坐标	动态，白噪声估计
接收机钟差	白噪声
模糊度	弧段内常数估计

PRN	IFCB_CNT/m	IFCB_iGMAS/m
G01	0.10	0.13
G03	0.13	0.17
G06	0.11	0.12
G08	0.18	0.22
G09	0.14	0.12
G10	0.13	0.14
G24	0.09	0.05
G25	0.11	0.11
G26	0.12	0.10
G27	0.15	0.19
G30	0.08	0.06
G32	0.09	0.10

PRN	PSD均值	PSD振幅
G01	0.07	0.13
G03	0.19	1.24
G06	0.09	0.61
G08	0.16	0.88
G09	0.08	0.25
G10	0.05	0.20
G24	0.04	0.17
G25	0.16	0.37
G26	0.13	0.39
G27	0.06	0.09
G30	0.03	0.12
G32	0.13	0.28

参数	IFCB方案	E	N	U	3D
RMS/m	NO	0.025 2	0.018 6	0.037 3	0.048 7
	CNT	0.016 0	0.014 0	0.029 8	0.036 7
	iGMAS	0.014 6	0.012 3	0.026 9	0.033 0
	RW	0.012 0	0.009 3	0.024 0	0.028 4
	WN	0.012 6	0.009 5	0.024 6	0.029 2
提升率/（%）	CNT	36.51	24.73	20.11	24.64
	iGMAS	42.06	33.87	27.88	32.24
	RW	52.38	50.00	35.66	41.68
	WN	50.00	48.92	34.05	40.04

IFCB方案	收敛时间平均数/min	收敛时间中位数/min
NO	30.64	22.26
CNT	20.07	17.94
iGMAS	17.30	14.82
RW	16.39	14.64
WN	16.42	14.92