测绘学报

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基于GPS双频原始观测值的精密单点定位算法及应用

张宝成1,欧吉坤2   

  1. 1. 中科院测量与地球物理研究所
    2. 中国科学院 测量与地球物理研究所
  • 收稿日期:2009-09-02 修回日期:2009-12-16 出版日期:2010-10-25 发布日期:2010-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 张宝成

Precise Point Positioning (PPP) Algorithm Based on GPS Dual-frequency Raw Observations and Its Application

  1. 1.
    2. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Received:2009-09-02 Revised:2009-12-16 Online:2010-10-25 Published:2010-10-25

摘要: 本文提出一种基于GPS双频原始观测值的PPP算法,与基于消电离层组合观测值的传统PPP算法不同,新算法通过参数化站星视线方向的电离层延迟以消除其对PPP估值的不利影响;该新算法可以有效避免观测值组合过程所引起的观测数据噪声以及多路径效应被放大的不利影响;同时在利用扩展卡尔曼滤波模型进行未知参数的递归估计过程中,通过对大气延迟参数引入符合实际的约束,可以加快滤波收敛,提高参数估值的可靠性;视线方向电离层延迟可与其他未知参数同时估计得到,进而便于利用PPP技术进行精密电离层研究;此外,对于可能的模型误差(如码观测值粗差、相位观测值周跳等),基于DIA的质量控制策略以消除或削弱其对参数估值的不利影响。利用实测数据对新算法在静态、低动态以及高动态定位应用方面的精度进行检验,结果表明,静、动态定位结果的外符合精度可分别达到1~2 cm和7~8 cm,验证了新算法的可行性和有效性。

Abstract: A PPP algorithm based on GPS dual-frequency raw observations was presented, instead of forming the ionosphere-free code and phase observables like these traditional PPP models, the effects of ionospheric delays are modeled through including the Line Of Sight (LOS) ionospheric delay parameters into the state vector which is estimated using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) technique. This alternative algorithm could avoid the adverse effect of amplified mutipath and measurement errors existing in the combined observations, besides, several constraints can be introduced to the LOS ionospheric delay parameters during the filtering process,to improve the convergence of the filter to more reliable and precise solutions; The LOS ionospheric delays could be obtained simultaneously with other unknown parameters, which facilitate the research on ionosphere much; Besides, the recursive DIA-procedure is adopted as quality control strategy to guarantee the reliability of the estimators from our PPP implementations. The performance of our algorithm was evaluated for different positioning applications: static, low-dynamic and high-dynamic test, a position accuracy of about 1~2 cm and 7~8 cm can be achieved respectively for static and kinematic positioning, which demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this new algorithm.