三峡库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变与重力变化监测

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2017.20160331

测绘学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 671-678.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2017.20160331

• 大地测量学与导航 • 下一篇

三峡库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变与重力变化监测

王伟¹, 党亚民¹, 章传银¹, 白贵霞², 鲍李峰³, 甘卫军⁴

1. 中国测绘科学研究院, 北京 100830;
2. 国家测绘地理信息局, 北京 100830;
3. 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所, 武汉 430077;
4. 中国地震局地质研究所, 北京 100029

收稿日期:2016-06-30 修回日期:2017-05-07 出版日期:2017-06-20 发布日期:2017-06-28
通讯作者: 党亚民 E-mail:dangym@casm.ac.cn
作者简介:王伟(1981—),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向为重力场和垂直基准。E-mail:wangwei@casm.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（41474011；41374081；41304009）；国家863计划（2015AA124001）

Monitoring Vertical Crustal Deformation and Gravity Variations during Water Level Changes at the Three Gorges Reservoir

WANG Wei¹, DANG Yamin¹, ZHANG Chuanyin¹, BAI Guixia², BAO Lifeng³, GAN Weijun⁴

1. Chinese Academy of Surveying & Mapping, Beijing 100830, China;
2. National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Beijing 100830, China;
3. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China;
4. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2016-06-30 Revised:2017-05-07 Online:2017-06-20 Published:2017-06-28
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41474011;41374081;41304009);The National High-tech Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2015AA124001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 监测三峡库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变和重力变化，对三峡水库的安全运行和区域地质灾害监测防治等具有重要意义。本文从直接计算、实际测量和综合解算3个方面研究了三峡库水位变化过程中地壳垂直形变和重力变化。基于资源三号卫星影像提取的水体数据，结合水位数据，直接计算了三峡水库蓄放水从145～175 m每隔5 m的影响，地壳垂直形变最大可达30 mm，对重力影响超过 20 μGal（1 Gal=10^-2 m/s²）的范围距离长江中心线约2 km内。库区较近的巴东CORS站（ES13）能够实际测量到库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变。由于目前三峡库区的CORS站和重力台站数量较少，分布不均，还不能满足紧密跟踪三峡库水位变化过程中的监测需求。利用三峡地区26座CORS站和部分重力台站数据，基于负荷形变理论和球谐分析方法，综合解算了库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变和重力变化，与实际CORS监测结果一致。通过对比分析发现，基于CORS站网的综合解算，能够有效提升对库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变和重力变化的监测能力。

关键词: 水位变化, 三峡水库, 监测, 垂直形变, 重力变化

Abstract: Monitoring vertical crustal deformation and gravity changes during water level changes at the Three Gorges reservoir is important for the safe operation of the Three Gorges Dam and for the monitoring and prevention of a regional geological disaster. In this study, we determined vertical crustal deformation and gravity changes during water level variations of the Three Gorges reservoir from direct calculations and actual measurements and a comprehensive solution. We used water areas extracted image data from the ZY-3 satellite and water level data to calculate gravity changes and vertical crustal deformation caused by every 5 m change in the water level due to storage and drainage of the Three Gorges reservoir from 145 m to 175 m. The vertical crustal deformation was up to 30 mm. The location of gravity change above 20 μ Gal(1 Gal=10^-2 m/s²) was less than 2 km from the centerline of the Yangtze River. The CORS ES13 in Badong, near the reservoir, measured the vertical crustal deformation during water level changes. Because of the small number of CORS and gravity stations in the Three Gorges reservoir area, monitoring deformation and gravity related to changes in the Three Gorges reservoir water level cannot be closely followed. Using 26 CORS and some of the gravity stations in the Three Gorges area and based on loading deformation and the spherical harmonic analysis method, an integrated solution of vertical deformation and gravity variations during water level changes of the reservoir was determined, which is consistent with the actual CORS monitoring results. By comparison, we found that an integrated solution based on a CORS network can effectively enhance the capability of monitoring vertical crustal deformation and gravity changes during water level variations of the reservoir.

Key words: water level change, Three Gorges reservoir, monitoring, vertical deformation, gravity variation

中图分类号:

P223

王伟, 党亚民, 章传银, 白贵霞, 鲍李峰, 甘卫军. 三峡库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变与重力变化监测[J]. 测绘学报, 2017, 46(6): 671-678.

WANG Wei, DANG Yamin, ZHANG Chuanyin, BAI Guixia, BAO Lifeng, GAN Weijun. Monitoring Vertical Crustal Deformation and Gravity Variations during Water Level Changes at the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2017, 46(6): 671-678.

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三峡库水位变化过程中的地壳垂直形变与重力变化监测

Monitoring Vertical Crustal Deformation and Gravity Variations during Water Level Changes at the Three Gorges Reservoir

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