可见光通信室内定位技术进展与应用

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20220007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 可见光通信定位(VLP)技术具有低成本、高精度、无电磁干扰、部署便捷、兼顾通信定位和照明的优点,在室内定位领域展现出良好的应用前景。本文首先分别总结了基于可见光通信的成像和非成像室内定位方法,分析和讨论了两种方法的关键技术、研究进展及应用情况;然后,提出了一种基于自相关序列的VLP光源匹配识别方法,并介绍了一种基于普通成像传感器和矩形平板光源的定位系统构建方法;最后,对室内VLP技术的研究发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 可见光通信, 室内定位, 关键技术, 自相关序列, ID识别, 成像定位

Abstract: The technology of visible light positioning (VLP) has the advantages of low cost, high precision, no electromagnetic interference, convenient deployment, and the advantage of taking into account both communication positioning and lighting which makes this technology has potentially useful application prospects in the field of indoor positioning. In this paper, two indoor positioning methods based on visible light communication (VLC) called imaging and non-imaging method are summarized, meanwhile, their key technologies, research development,applications and trend are analyzed and discussed. A VLP light source matching identification method based on autocorrelation sequence is proposed, what's more, a method of constructing a positioning system based on the common imaging sensor and rectangular flat-panel light source is introduced. Finally, the research and development direction of indoor VLP technology is prospected.

Key words: visible light communication, indoor positioning, key technology, autocorrelation sequence, LED_ID recognition, imaging positioning

中图分类号:

李广云, 孙森震, 王力, 冯其强. 可见光通信室内定位技术进展与应用[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(6): 909-922.

LI Guangyun, SUN Senzhen, WANG Li, FENG Qiqiang. Research and application of indoor visible light communication positioning technology[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2022, 51(6): 909-922.

参考文献

[1] 邓中亮, 尹露, 唐诗浩, 等. 室内定位关键技术综述[J]. 导航定位与授时, 2018, 5(3):14-23. DENG Zhongliang, YIN Lu, TANG Shihao, et al. A survey of key technology for indoor positioning[J]. Navigation Positioning and Timing, 2018, 5(3):14-23.
[2] 陈锐志, 郭光毅, 叶锋, 等. 智能手机音频信号与MEMS传感器的紧耦合室内定位方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(2):143-152. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.20200551. CHEN Ruizhi, GUO Guangyi, YE Feng, et al. Tightly-coupled integration of acoustic signal and MEMS sensors on smartphones for indoor positioning[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2021, 50(2):143-152. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.20200551.
[3] 吴楠, 杨爱英, 冯立辉, 等. 可见光定位关键技术的研究与展望[J]. 南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 9(2):159-167. WU Nan, YANG Aiying, FENG Lihui, et al. Review on indoor positioning technology based on visible light communications[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 9(2):159-167.
[4] 迟楠, 陈慧. 高速可见光通信的前沿研究进展[J]. 光电工程, 2020, 47(3):1-12. CHI Nan, CHEN Hui. Progress and prospect of high-speed visible light communication[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2020, 47(3):1-12.
[5] LUO Junhai, FAN Liying, LI Husheng. Indoor positioning systems based on visible light communication:state of the art[J]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2017, 19(4):2871-2893.
[6] 贾兰芳, 周小芳, 吕丽君. 基于光信号强度检测法的可见光通信定位方法研究[J]. 激光杂志, 2021, 42(5):97-101. JIA Lanfang, ZHOU Xiaofang, LÜ Lijun. Research on visible light communication location method based on optical signal intensity detection[J]. Laser Journal, 2021, 42(5):97-101.
[7] 张雁鹏, 胥亚丽, 马军民, 等. 基于可见光通信和接收信号强度检测的列车定位方法研究[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报, 2021, 18(2):485-493. ZHANG Yanpeng, XU Yali, MA Junming, et al. A novel method of train positioning using visible light communication and received signal strength indication[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2021, 18(2):485-493.
[8] 吴让仲, 刘珂, 周峰, 等. 结合PWC技术的LED室内定位算法[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 49(5):7-12. WU Rangzhong, LIU Ke, ZHOU Feng, et al. LED based indoor positioning algorithm combined with PWC[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 49(5):7-12.
[9] ZHENG Zhong, LIU Lu, HU Weiwei. Accuracy of ranging based on DMT visible light communication for indoor positioning[J]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2017, 29(8):679-682.
[10] 关伟鹏, 吴玉香, 文尚胜, 等. 基于CDMA调制的可见光通信室内定位技术的研究[J]. 光学学报, 2016, 36(11):66-74. GUAN Weipeng, WU Yuxiang, WEN Shangsheng, et al. Indoor positioning technology of visible light communication based on CDMA modulation[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2016, 36(11):66-74.
[11] 张慧颖, 于海越, 王凯, 等. 基于KPCA-K-means++和GA-LMS模型的改进RBF神经网络室内可见光定位[J]. 光学学报, 2021, 41(19):64-73. ZHANG Huiying, YU Haiyue, WANG Kai, et al. Indoor visible light positioning of improved RBF neural network based on KPCA-K-means++ and GA-LMS model[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2021, 41(19):64-73.
[12] 曹燕平, 李晓记, 胡云云. 基于可见光指纹的室内高精度定位方法[J]. 激光与光电子学进展, 2019, 56(16):8-13. CAO Yanping, LI Xiaoji, HU Yunyun. Visible light fingerprint-based high-accuracy indoor positioning method[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2019, 56(16):8-13.
[13] 徐世武, 吴怡, 王徐芳. 基于稀疏度自适应和位置指纹的可见光定位算法[J]. 光学学报, 2020, 40(18):32-40. XU Shiwu, WU Yi, WANG Xufang. Visible light positioning algorithm based on sparsity adaptive and location fingerprinting[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2020, 40(18):32-40.
[14] SUN Xuqing, DUAN Jingyuan, ZOU Yonggang, et al. Impact of multipath effects on theoretical accuracy of TOA-based indoor VLC positioning system[J]. Photonics Research, 2015, 3(6):296-299.
[15] DO T H, HWANG J, YOO M. TDoA based indoor visible light positioning systems[C]//Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks. Da Nang, Vietnam:IEEE, 2013:456-458.
[16] LEE S, JUNG S Y. Location awareness using angle-of-arrival based circular-PD-array for visible light communication[C]//Proceedings of the 2012 18th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications. Jeju Island, Korea:IEEE, 2012:480-485.
[17] EROGLU Y S, GUVENC I, PALA N, et al. AOA-based localization and tracking in multi-element VLC systems[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 16th Annual Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON). Cocoa Beach, FL, USA:IEEE, 2015:1-5
[18] 曹阳, 党宇超, 彭小峰, 等. TOA/RSS混合信息室内可见光定位方法[J]. 中国激光, 2021, 48(1):133-141. CAO Yang, DANG Yuchao, PENG Xiaofeng, et al. Indoor visible light localization method using TOA/RSS hybrid information[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2021, 48(1):133-141.
[19] 王旭东, 董文杰, 吴楠. 基于TDOA/AOA混合的高精度室内可见光定位算法[J]. 系统工程与电子技术, 2019, 41(10):2371-2377. WANG Xudong, DONG Wenjie, WU Nan. Hybrid TDOA/AOA algorithm based high accuracy indoor visible light positioning[J]. Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2019, 41(10):2371-2377.
[20] ŠAHIN A, EROĞLU Y S, GVVENÇ İ, et al. Hybrid 3-D localization for visible light communication systems[J]. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2015, 33(22):4589-4599.
[21] 徐世武, 吴怡, 王徐芳. 基于粒子群优化压缩感知的可见光定位算法[J]. 中国激光, 2021, 48(3):75-84. XU Shiwu, WU Yi, WANG Xufang. Visible light positioning algorithm based on particle swarm optimization compressed sensing[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2021, 48(3):75-84.
[22] 冯人海, 常燕燕, 葛磊蛟, 等. 基于可见光携能通信的线性迭代定位算法[J]. 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版), 2021, 54(4):411-417. FENG Renhai, CHANG Yanyan, GE Leijiao, et al. Linear iterative location algorithm based on visible light energy carrying communication[J]. Journal of Tianjin University (Science and Technology), 2021, 54(4):411-417.
[23] 陈勇, 郑瀚, 沈奇翔, 等. 基于改进免疫粒子群优化算法的室内可见光通信三维定位方法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2021, 43(1):101-107. CHEN Yong, ZHENG Han, SHEN Qixiang, et al. Indoor three-dimensional positioning system based on visible light communication using improved immune PSOs algorithm[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2021, 43(1):101-107.
[24] 魏政帅, 薛琦, 孙晓红, 等. 基于自适应滤波器的高精度可见光定位方法[J]. 光通信技术, 2021, 45(9):5-10. WEI Zhengshuai, XUE Qi, SUN Xiaohong, et al. High precision visible light positioning method based on adaptive filter[J]. Optical Communication Technology, 2021, 45(9):5-10.
[25] 乔磊, 李野, 施安存, 等. 基于多个传感器的VLC室内定位算法研究[J]. 半导体光电, 2018, 39(2):280-285. QIAO Lei, LI Ye, SHI Ancun, et al. Research on VLC indoor location algorithm based on multiple sensors[J]. Semiconductor Optoelectronics, 2018, 39(2):280-285.
[26] XIE Canyu, GUAN Weipeng, WU Yuxiang, et al. The LED-ID detection and recognition method based on visible light positioning using proximity method[J]. IEEE Photonics Journal, 2018, 10(2):1-16.
[27] 曲若彤, 冯立辉, 杨爱英, 等. 可见光定位系统中扩展LED ID的双频率或运算调制方法[J]. 光学技术, 2020, 46(6):677-683. QU Ruotong, FENG Lihui, YANG Aiying, et al. Dual frequency or arithmetic modulation method for expanding LED ID in visible light positioning system[J]. Optical Technique, 2020, 46(6):677-683.
[28] GUAN Weipeng, LI Jingyi, WEN Shangsheng, et al. The detection and recognition of RGB-LED-ID based on visible light communication using convolutional neural network[J]. Applied Sciences, 2019, 9(7):1400.
[29] 孙森震, 李广云, 王力, 等. 可见光通信平板光源高精度视觉室内定位方法[J]. 测绘科学技术学报, 2021, 38(3):259-266. SUN Senzhen, LI Guangyun, WANG Li, et al. High-precision visual indoor positioning method with the rectangular light source based on visible light communication[J]. Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology, 2021, 38(3):259-266.
[30] YAN Jun, ZHU Bingcheng, CHEN Liang, et al. Error analysis on indoor localization with visible light communication[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019, 11(4):427.
[31] 孙森震, 李广云, 冯其强, 等. 可见光通信与双目视觉的室内定位[J]. 光学精密工程, 2020, 28(4):834-843. SUN Senzhen, LI Guangyun, FENG Qiqiang, et al. Indoor positioning based on visible light communication and binocular vision[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2020, 28(4):834-843.
[32] JI Yongqing, XIAO Chunxian, GAO Jian, et al. A single LED lamp positioning system based on CMOS camera and visible light communication[J]. Optics Communications, 2019, 443:48-54.
[33] 王杨, 赵红东. 基于智能手机的VLC/IPDR粒子滤波融合室内定位[J]. 中国激光, 2020, 47(7):365-373. WANG Yang, ZHAO Hongdong. VLC/RDR particle filter fusion indoor positioning based on smartphone[J]. Chinese Journal of Lasers, 2020, 47(7):365-373.
[34] 李锦, 莫巨明, 方俊键, 等. 基于LED照明灯光的可见光室内停车场定位导航系统[J]. 应用光学, 2019, 40(5):746-750. LI Jin, MO Juming, FANG Junjian, et al. Visible light indoor parking lot positioning navigation system based on LED lighting[J]. Journal of Applied Optics, 2019, 40(5):746-750.
[35] 陈雷, 成爽. 基于可见光通信的停车场泊车自动导航系统[J]. 激光杂志, 2021, 42(2):125-129. CHEN Lei, CHENG Shuang. Parking automatic navigation system based on visible light communication[J]. Laser Journal, 2021, 42(2):125-129.
[36] 陈伟. 基于可见光与成像通信技术的煤矿人员精确定位方法[J]. 煤矿安全, 2019, 50(12):114-117. CHEN Wei. Research on personnel precise positioning method of coal mine based on visible light and imaging communication technology[J]. Safety in Coal Mines, 2019, 50(12):114-117.
[37] 范辉, 李帅华, 孟良, 等. 基于VLC+PLC的电缆隧道通信及定位系统设计与开发[J]. 电力信息与通信技术, 2016, 14(6):105-108. FAN Hui, LI Shuaihua, MENG Liang, et al. Design and development of communication and positioning system of cable trench based on VLC+PLC[J]. Electric Power Information and Communication Technology, 2016, 14(6):105-108.
[38] 叶佳林, 岳宗杰, 陈林君, 等. 基于可见光定位的智能化无人超市系统设计[J]. 自动化与仪器仪表, 2020(7):90-93. YE Jialin, YUE Zongjie, CHEN Linjun, et al. Design of intellectual unmanned supermarket system based on visible light location[J]. Automation & Instrumentation, 2020(7):90-93.
[39] 沈芮, 张剑. 基于可见光通信的室内定位方法[J]. 信息工程大学学报, 2014, 15(1):41-45. SHEN Rui, ZHANG Jian. Indoor location method based on visible light communication[J]. Journal of Information Engineering University, 2014, 15(1):41-45.
[40] 赵响. 基于成像传感器的可见光定位理论与技术研究[D]. 西安:西安电子科技大学, 2017. ZHAO Xiang. Research on theory and technology of visible light positioning based on Image sensor[D]. Xi'an:Xidian University, 2017.
[41] LIN Zongjian, XIE Feifei, SU Guozhong. Accuracy analysis of low altitude photogrammetry with wide-angle camera[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, 2018(1):30-38. DOI:10.11947/j.JGGS.2018.0104.