GRACE与GRACE Follow-On重力卫星数据揭示出的黄河流域2002—2020年干旱特征

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2023.20210458

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究黄河流域干旱时空变化特征,对认知黄河流域水资源演化规律具有重要意义。本文充分利用GRACE(gravity recovery and climate experiment)与GRACE-FO(GRACE Follow-On)重力卫星在大尺度范围下监测水文信息变化中的优势,基于2002年4月至2020年7月GRACE和GRACE-FO RL06 Mascon数据,计算了黄河流域陆地水储量异常(terrestrial water storage anomaly,TWSA)及对应的水储量亏损赤字(water storage deficit index,WSDI),据此分析了黄河流域上游、中下游干旱事件及其严重性、干旱持续时间、平均与最大水储量赤字等干旱特征,并与其他4种常用干旱指数,标准降水蒸散发指数(standardized precipitation evaporation index,SPEI)、自矫正帕尔默干旱指数(self correct-Palmer drought severity index,sc-PDSI)、标准化降水指数(standardized precipitation index,SPI)和标准化径流指数(standardized runoff index,SRI)识别结果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:在WSDI识别出的黄河流域上游、中下游分别发生的5期干旱事件及其对应的干旱等级中,存在其他传统干旱指数未识别现象;在黄河流域以往干旱事件识别中,WSDI也展现出了较其他4种传统干旱指数显著的识别优势。相比传统干旱指标多仅依赖于稀疏地表水文监测信息,基于重力卫星监测数据的WSDI干旱指标可在大尺度范围下有效识别出流域干旱特征。

关键词: 重力卫星, GRACE, GRACE Follow-On, 黄河流域, 陆地水储量异常, 水储量亏损赤字, 干旱指数

Abstract: The study on the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of drought in the Yellow River basin is of great significance to understand the evolution law of water resources in the Yellow River basin. We make full use of the advantages of GRACE (gravity recovery and climate experiment) and GRACE-FO (GRACE Follow-On)data in monitoring hydrological information changes on a large scale, to calculate the terrestrial water storage anomaly (TWSA) and the corresponding water storage deficit index (WSDI) of the Yellow River basin based on GRACE and GRACE-FO RL06 Mascon data from April 2002 to July 2020.Based on the above analysis revealed by the WSDI, the drought events and their severity, drought duration, average and maximum water reserve deficit in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin are analyzed. In addition, these analysis are compared with the recognition results of other four commonly drought indexes, standardized precipitation evaporation index (SPEI), self correct-Palmer drought severity index (sc-PDSI), standardized precipitation index (SPI), and standardized runoff index (SRI). The results show that in the five periods of drought events and their corresponding drought grades in the upper reaches, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin identified by WSDI, there are other unidentified phenomena of traditional drought indexes.In the past drought event identification in the Yellow River basin, WSDI shows significant identification advantages over the other four traditional drought indexes. Compared with traditional drought indicators that mainly rely on sparse surface hydrological monitoring information, WSDI drought indicator based on gravity satellite monitoring data can effectively identify the characteristics of watershed drought on a large scale.

Key words: gravity satellite, GRACE, GRACE Follow-On, Yellow River basin, terrestrial water storage anomaly, water storage deficit index, drought index

中图分类号:

P228

瞿伟, 晋泽辉, 张勤, 高源, 张普方. GRACE与GRACE Follow-On重力卫星数据揭示出的黄河流域2002—2020年干旱特征[J]. 测绘学报, 2023, 52(5): 714-724.

QU Wei, JIN Zehui, ZHANG Qin, GAO Yuan, ZHANG Pufang. Drought characteristics of the Yellow River basin from 2002 to 2020 revealed by GRACE and GRACE Follow-On data[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2023, 52(5): 714-724.

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