邻近边约束下的建筑物自动合并方法

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20240138

测绘学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 563-576.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20240138

邻近边约束下的建筑物自动合并方法

苏友能¹(), 徐青¹(), 孙群¹, 朱新铭¹, 张付兵¹, 刘波²

^1.信息工程大学地理空间信息学院，河南　郑州　450001
^2.东华理工大学测绘与空间信息工程学院，江西　南昌　330013

收稿日期:2024-04-25 出版日期:2025-04-11 发布日期:2025-04-11
通讯作者: 徐青 E-mail:youneng_2000@163.com;xq1982_no.1@163.com
作者简介:苏友能（2000—），男，硕士生，研究方向为地理知识图谱与地图自动综合。　E-mail：youneng_2000@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42161064)

A method for automatic buildings aggregation constrained by proximity edges

Youneng SU¹(), Qing XU¹(), Qun SUN¹, Xinming ZHU¹, Fubing ZHANG¹, Bo LIU²

^1.Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
^2.School of Surveying and Geoinformation Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China

Received:2024-04-25 Online:2025-04-11 Published:2025-04-11
Contact: Qing XU E-mail:youneng_2000@163.com;xq1982_no.1@163.com
About author:SU Youneng (2000—), male, postgraduate, majors in geographic knowledge graph and automatic generalization of maps.　E-mail: youneng_2000@163.com
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42161064)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大比例尺建筑物合并是制图综合领域的一个难点问题。为保持合并前后建筑物形状特征的一致性，本文提出了一种邻近边约束下的建筑物自动合并方法。该方法首先利用Delaunay三角网确定建筑物间的邻近关系，以建筑物最小外接矩形为约束生成建筑物邻近边，并依据建筑物间最小外接矩形的投影占比，划分建筑物空间结构关系为对准型和错位型。然后，提出邻近边交互投影法和邻近边角平分线法，分别用于对准型建筑物和错位型建筑物合并。最后，以上海市建筑物为试验数据，验证了本文方法的有效性。试验结果表明，本文方法能够实现不同结构关系、不同合并阈值下建筑物的有效合并，并且保持了建筑物间的空间结构特征和直角特征。

关键词: 制图综合, 建筑物合并, 邻近边, 空间结构, 多尺度表达

Abstract:

Aggregation of large scale buildings is a difficult problem in the field of map generalization. In order to maintain the characteristic consistency of the building's shape before and after the aggregation, a method for automatic buildings aggregation constrained by proximity edges was proposed in this paper. The method firstly used the Delaunay triangulation networks to determine the proximity relations between buildings, generated the proximity edges of buildings with the constraint of the minimum bounding rectangle of buildings, and divided the spatial structural relations of buildings into the alignment types and the dislocation types according to the projection proportions of the minimum external rectangles of buildings. Secondly, the proximity edges interactive projection method and the proximity edges angular bisector method were proposed for the combination of the aligned and the dislocated buildings, respectively. Finally, the validity of the proposed method was verified with the experimental data of Shanghai residential land. The results showed that the proposed method could effectively merge buildings under different structural relations and merging thresholds, and effectively expressed the spatial structural characteristics and the right-angle characteristics of residential lands under the control of a certain area increment.

Key words: map generalization, building aggregation, proximity edges, spatial structure, multi-scale expression

中图分类号:

P208

苏友能, 徐青, 孙群, 朱新铭, 张付兵, 刘波. 邻近边约束下的建筑物自动合并方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2025, 54(3): 563-576.

Youneng SU, Qing XU, Qun SUN, Xinming ZHU, Fubing ZHANG, Bo LIU. A method for automatic buildings aggregation constrained by proximity edges[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(3): 563-576.

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类别	邻近边上投影点数量	是否构建桥接面
Ⅰ	2	是
Ⅱ	2	是
Ⅲ	3	是
Ⅳ	4	是

类别	邻近边上交点数量	是否构建桥接面
Ⅰ	0	否
Ⅱ	1	是
Ⅲ	2	是
Ⅳ	1	是
Ⅴ	0	是

试验	建筑物数量	目标比例尺	总面积/m²	直角占比/（%）	建筑物数量变化率/（%）	建筑物面积变化率/（%）
试验1	327	1∶2.5万	565 825.72	75.44	-50.00	7.41
试验2	177	1∶5万	663 545.11	68.59	-72.94	25.96

试验方法	建筑物数量	建筑物面积/m²	建筑物直角占比/（%）	建筑物数量变化率/（%）	建筑物面积变化率/（%）
本文方法	45	255 539.68	84.12	-81.14	39.03
Arc Map方法	82	247 399.73	82.31	-64.04	34.60
文献[19]方法	53	250 345.93	77.39	-76.75	36.20
文献[24]方法	54	247 482.89	81.49	-76.32	34.65
文献[27]方法	65	252 183.39	81.17	-71.49	37.20

邻近边约束下的建筑物自动合并方法

A method for automatic buildings aggregation constrained by proximity edges

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