Abstract: The related researches of vanishing point have been focusing on its automatic detection and camera calibration for a long time, however there were few researches on its error distribution. Aiming at the closing error issue of lines intersection and the error distribution of vanishing points, we have made in-depth discussions. How to set initial weights for the adjustment solution of single image vanishing points is presented. Furthermore, we propose solving and estimating error distribution of vanishing points based on iteration method with variable weights, co-factor matrix and error ellipse theory. Not only do experimental results reveal the law of error distribution of vanishing points, but also pave the way for the theory and practicability of 3D reconstruction based on vanishing points.