陆探一号干涉SAR在轨测试阶段基线精化与DEM精度分析

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2024.20230540.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

陆地探测一号（LT-1）是我国乃至全球首个主要用于地表形变干涉测量应用的L波段雷达遥感双星星座。本文利用LT-1卫星获取的甘肃地区的绕飞SAR数据，分析了差分干涉图中因轨道误差引起的相位斜坡的空间特征，明确了平行基线分量变化率估计误差较大是引起轨道相位斜坡的主导因素。针对现有方法存在的一些局限性，发展了一种基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的迭代基线精细化估计方法，并基于校正后的基线开展了研究区数字高程模型（DEM）重建。通过SRTM、AW3D与哥白尼DEM对LT-1 DEM的产品质量进行综合评估与分析，结果表明，本文方法可有效校正残余基线误差，相比于非迭代FFT算法精度提升约16.64%；LT-1 DEM与SRTM、AW3D和哥白尼DEM的平均偏差分别为5.49、3.41及1.94 m，表现出优异的高程精度与现势性优势。

关键词: 陆探一号, InSAR, 轨道误差, 迭代FFT, DEM精度分析

Abstract:

Lutan-1 (LT-1) is the first L-band radar satellite constellation in China primarily utilized for surface deformation measurements.This study utilized SAR data from the LT-1 satellite over the Gansu region to analyze the spatial characteristics of phase ramps in differential interferograms caused by orbital errors. The findings indicated that significant errors in the estimation of parallel baseline component variation rates were the primary factor contributing to orbital phase ramps. In response to some limitations of existing methods, an iterative baseline refinement estimation method based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is developed. Subsequently, three-dimensional surface reconstruction of the study area is conducted based on the corrected baselines. Finally, the quality of the LT-1 DEM product is comprehensively assessed and analyzed using SRTM, AW3D, and Copernicus digital elevation model. Results indicate that the new method effectively corrects residual baseline errors, with an approximately 16.64% improvement in accuracy compared to non-iterative FFT algorithms. The average deviations of the LT-1 DEM from SRTM, AW3D, and Copernicus DEMs are 5.49 m, 3.41 m, and 1.94 m, respectively, demonstrating outstanding elevation accuracy and timeliness advantages.

Key words: Lutan-1, InSAR, orbital error, iterative FFT, DEM accuracy analysis

中图分类号:

P228.4

宋鑫友, 张磊, 李涛, 雷宝成, 宋瑞庆. 陆探一号干涉SAR在轨测试阶段基线精化与DEM精度分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(10): 1920-1929.

Xinyou SONG, Lei ZHANG, Tao LI, Baocheng LEI, Ruiqing SONG. Baseline refinement and DEM accuracy analysis during the in-orbit test phase of LT-1 SAR[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2024, 53(10): 1920-1929.

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迭代次数	ΔB_‖/mm	ΔB_⊥/mm	ΔB/mm	/(mm/s)	/(mm/s)	/(mm/s)
1	6.27×10^-3	268.78	268.78	168.34	4.71×10^-4	168.34
2	2.86×10^-3	129.88	129.88	32.68	9.15×10^-5	32.68
3	1.81×10^-3	37.05	37.05	0.28	7.92×10^-7	0.28
4	1.29×10^-3	6.03	6.03	0.25	6.86×10^-7	0.25
5	8.31×10^-4	1.90	1.90	0.21	5.99×10^-7	0.21
6	7.68×10^-4	0.97	0.97	0.18	5.26×10^-7	0.18

名称	观测平台	采集时间	参考基准	空间分辨率/m	绝对精度/m	技术手段
SRTM	航天飞机	2000	WGS-84/EGM96	30/90	<9	InSAR
AW3D	ALOS-1	2006—2011	WGS-84/EGM96	30/90	4.4	光学立体摄影测量
COP DEM	TanDEM-X&TerraSAR-X	2010—2015	WGS-84/EGM2008	30/90	2.1	InSAR
LT-1 DEM	LT-1A/B	2022	WGS-84/椭球面	12.5	—	InSAR