雷达卫星自动成图的精密干涉测量关键技术

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170621

测绘学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 730-740.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170621

• 基于机器视觉的数字摄影测量的新理论新方法 • 上一篇下一篇

雷达卫星自动成图的精密干涉测量关键技术

唐新明, 李涛, 高小明, 陈乾福, 张祥

国家测绘地理信息局卫星测绘应用中心, 北京 100048

收稿日期:2017-12-12 修回日期:2018-03-21 出版日期:2018-06-20 发布日期:2018-06-21
通讯作者: 李涛 E-mail:lit@sasmac.cn
作者简介:唐新明(1966-),男,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事摄影测量与航天测绘的研究与应用工作。E-mail:tangxinming99@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2017YFB0502700）；国家民用航天计划（D010102）；国家基础测绘科技计划（2016KJ0204/2017KJ0204）；测绘地理信息公益性行业科研专项经费项目（201512022）；国网北京经济技术研究院自主投入科技项目“合成孔径雷达数据与光学遥感影像融合在电网工程中的应用研究”

Research on Key Technologies of Precise InSAR Surveying and Mapping Application Using Automatic SAR Imaging

TANG Xinming, LI Tao, GAO Xiaoming, CHEN Qianfu, ZHANG Xiang

Satellite Surveying and Mapping Application Center, National Administration of Surveying Mapping and Geoinformation, Beijing 100048, China

Received:2017-12-12 Revised:2018-03-21 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-06-21
Supported by:
The National Key R&D Programme of China (No.2017YFB0502700);The Civilian Space Programme of China (No.D010102);The National Basic Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology Plan (No.2016KJ0204/2017KJ0204);The Non Profit Industry Research Subject (No.201512022);The Independent Investment Projects of State Power Economic Research Institute "Research on SAR and Optical Image Fusion and Application in Power Engineering"

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文介绍用于未来自动成图的数字摄影测量智能化新方法之一：精密干涉测量新方法。它采用合成孔径雷达干涉（interferometric SAR，InSAR）技术获取极高精度的地形信息，现已成为最有效的全球测图手段之一。本文提出了面向全球测图的精密干涉测量系统技术，其中包含测量检校技术、数据处理技术及数据后处理技术。首先，需采用定标设备对几何及干涉参数进行测量检校，主要包括方位向时间延迟、距离向时间延迟、大气延迟及基线误差等。其次，需采用检校参数进行干涉数据处理，获取高精度DEM数据，干涉数据处理的关键技术包括相位初值确定方法等。最后，采用区域网平差、长短基线组合及升降轨融合等后处理技术完成全球DEM数据的生产和精度的逐步提升。本文采用6景覆盖陕西地区的TanDEM-X数据进行了数据处理及后处理试验，并获取了山地区域高程精度为5.07 m，低相干面积为0.8 km²的DEM数据，这为我国1∶50 000乃至1∶25 000比例尺全球测图提供了技术参考。

关键词: InSAR, 全球测图, 测量检校, 后处理, DEM

Abstract: Precise InSAR is a new intelligent photogrammetric technology using the automatic imaging and processing means.It becomes the most efficient satellite-surveying-and-mapping (SASM) way that uses interferometric phase to create global digital elevation model (DEM) with high-precision.In this paper,we proposed the systematic InSAR technologies applied in SASM.Three key technologies are proposed.They are calibration technology,data processing technology and the post-processing technologies.Firstly,we need to calibrate the geometric and interferometric parameters including azimuth time delay,range time delay,atmospheric delay as well as baseline errors.Secondly,we have to use the calibrated parameters to create precise DEM.One of the important procedures in data processing is the phase constant determination.Finally,we improve the quality of DEM by jointly using block-adjustment method,long-and-short baseline combination method as well as descending-and-ascending data merge method.We use 6 TanDEM-X data that covers Shanxi to carry out the experiment.The root-mean-square error of final DEM is 5.07 m in the mountainous regions.And the area with low coherence is 0.8 km².The accuracy meets the accuracy of China domestic SASM standard at 1∶50 000 and even the 1∶25 000 measurement scales.

Key words: InSAR, global mapping, calibration, post-processing, DEM

中图分类号:

P236

唐新明, 李涛, 高小明, 陈乾福, 张祥. 雷达卫星自动成图的精密干涉测量关键技术[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(6): 730-740.

TANG Xinming, LI Tao, GAO Xiaoming, CHEN Qianfu, ZHANG Xiang. Research on Key Technologies of Precise InSAR Surveying and Mapping Application Using Automatic SAR Imaging[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2018, 47(6): 730-740.

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雷达卫星自动成图的精密干涉测量关键技术

Research on Key Technologies of Precise InSAR Surveying and Mapping Application Using Automatic SAR Imaging

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