测绘学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 1934-1953.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20250175

• 大地测量学与导航 • 上一篇    

面向精确可信PNT服务的新型全球卫星导航系统架构

郭树人1,2(), 蔡洪亮1,2(), 高为广1,2, 周巍1,2, 耿长江3,4, 李罡1,2, 董明1,2, 宿晨庚1,2, 姜坤1,2, 孟轶男1,2, 陈雷1,2, 潘军洋1,2,5, 李凯5, 李奇奋4, 唐小妹6, 张爽娜7, 胡小工5   

  1. 1.北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京 100094
    2.智能空间信息国家级重点实验室,北京 100094
    3.中国卫星导航系统管理办公室测试评估研究中心,北京 100094
    4.北京遥测技术研究所,北京 100094
    5.中国科学院上海天文台,上海 200030
    6.国防科技大学电子科学学院,湖南 长沙 410073
    7.航天恒星科技有限公司,北京 100086
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-21 修回日期:2025-10-12 发布日期:2025-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 蔡洪亮 E-mail:1414263503@qq.com;caibanyu@126.com
  • 作者简介:郭树人(1972-),男,博士,研究员,研究方向为卫星导航总体技术、时空基准技术。E-mail:1414263503@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(42374044)

A novel architecture of global navigation satellite system for accurate and trusted PNT services

Shuren GUO1,2(), Hongliang CAI1,2(), Weiguang GAO1,2, Wei ZHOU1,2, Changjiang GENG3,4, Gang LI1,2, Ming DONG1,2, Chengeng SU1,2, Kun JIANG1,2, Yinan MENG1,2, Lei CHEN1,2, Junyang PAN1,2,5, Kai LI5, Qifen LI4, Xiaomei TANG6, Shuangna ZHANG7, Xiaogong HU5   

  1. 1.Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology, Beijing 100094, China
    2.National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Spatial Information, Beijing 100094, China
    3.Test and Assessment Research Center, China Satellite Navigation Office, Beijing 100094, China
    4.Beijing Research Institute of Telemetry, Beijing 100094, China
    5.Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
    6.School of Electronic Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
    7.Space Star Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100086, China
  • Received:2025-04-21 Revised:2025-10-12 Published:2025-12-15
  • Contact: Hongliang CAI E-mail:1414263503@qq.com;caibanyu@126.com
  • About author:GUO Shuren (1972—), male, PhD, researcher, majors in satellite navigation overall technology and spatio-temporal reference technology. E-mail: 1414263503@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42374044)

摘要:

GNSS是当今人类社会定位导航与授时(PNT)服务的重要提供者。经历了数十年的发展与迭代,当前架构的GNSS服务性能已接近理论和工程的极限,无法全面满足日益增长的全球分米级导航和高可信服务的需求。本文提出一种基于星间链路构建测量通信网络、融合高轨/中轨/低轨混合星座的新型GNSS架构。该架构在极简地面支持下,通过天基时空基准、低轨增强信号与通信辅助等手段,实现全球分米级实时定位与完好性服务。仿真结果表明,系统在兼容现有GNSS用户终端的前提下,可实现定位精度优于5 cm、收敛时间缩短至1 min,并显著提升抗干扰与防欺骗能力。同时,该系统架构能够与现有GNSS兼容互操作,并可在其基础上演进而来,使用户体验平稳升级。

关键词: 全球卫星导航系统架构, 精准可信, 星间链路, 高中低星座, 时空基准

Abstract:

GNSS is the important provider for the positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services in today's society. After decades of development and iteration, the performance of GNSS services in current architecture has approached theoretical and engineering practical limitation, and it cannot fully fill the growing demand of global decimeter-level as well as high-trust navigation service. This study proposes a novel GNSS architecture that builds a measurement and communication network based on inter-satellite links and integrates a hybrid constellation of high orbit (GEO/IGSO), medium earth orbit (MEO), and low earth orbit (LEO). With minimal ground support, this architecture achieves global decimeter-level real-time positioning and integrity services through means such as space-based spatiotemporal reference, LEO augmented signals, and communication assistance. Simulation results show that, on the premise of being compatible with existing GNSS user terminals, the system can achieve a positioning accuracy better than 5 cm, shorten the convergence time to 1 minute, and significantly improve anti-jamming and anti-spoofing capabilities. Meanwhile, this system architecture can be compatible and interoperable with the existing GNSS and can evolve from it, enabling a smooth upgrade of user experience.

Key words: architecture of global navigation satellite system, accuracy and trust, inter-satellite link, high-, medium- and low- constellations, spatio-temporal reference

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