应用光照模型的交通车辆识别定位的高分辨率遥感方法

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2015.20130358

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对识别和定位路面上每辆汽车这一交通遥感图像处理的核心环节,提出一种解决方法.应用光照模型推导出路面、车辆(深浅两类)、汽车阴影在全色遥感影像中的亮度差异与亮度变化特征.以亮度差异为基础建立了能够将车辆区域从路面遥感图像中分割出来的图层分离算法.针对密集行驶的汽车因阴影相互覆盖而容易被误识别为一辆大型车的问题以及浅色车因深色车窗造成的识别结果割裂问题,利用亮度变化特征以及阴影、车窗与汽车的位置关系设计了车辆区域内的阴影和车窗干扰消除算法,通过闭运算实现了遥感图像中的汽车识别与定位.选用10幅交通遥感图像进行了测试,对浅色车的识别率大于92%,对深色车的识别率大于87%.

关键词: 交通遥感信息处理, 车辆识别定位, Phong光照模型, 阴影滤除, 车窗干扰

Abstract: For the issue of vehicles recognition and location, which is the key of traffic RS information processing, an image processing method is presented. Based on the Phong model, features of luminance difference and luminance variance of common objects, including vehicles (dark and bright) and their shadows and road surface, are extracted. By taking advantage of the features of luminance difference, the vehicle regions, containing vehicle and its shadow, are extracted through layer separation firstly. And then, in order to suppress interference caused by vehicle shadow which is easy to cause the connection between abreast running vehicles, as well as suppress interference caused by vehicle window which might disturb the bright vehicle identification, an algorithm is designed according to the features of luminance variance and the position relationship between vehicle and its shadow and window. Through morphological method, the vehicles of different colors are extracted and located on the RS-image. This method had been tested, and more than 92% bright vehicles and 87% dark vehicles are detected.

Key words: traffic RS information processing, vehicle identification and location, phong illumination model, shadow suppress, windows interference

中图分类号:

P237

曹天扬, 申莉. 应用光照模型的交通车辆识别定位的高分辨率遥感方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2015, 44(1): 39-45.

CAO Tianyang, SHEN Li. High Resolution RS Image Processing Method for Vehicles Recognition and Location According to the Illumination Model[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2015, 44(1): 39-45.

参考文献

[1] KIM Y W, OKUMA S, NARIKIYO T. Traffic Network Control Based on Hybrid Dynamical System Modeling and Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming with Convexity Analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, 2008; 38(2): 346-357.
[2] SETCHELL C, DAGLESS E L. Vision Based Road Traffic Monitoring Sensoring[J]. IEEE Proceedings of Vision Image and Signal Processing, 2001, 148(1):78-84.
[3] ZHU Changqing, WANG Yaoge, MA Qiuhe, et al. Road Extraction from High-resolution Remotely Sensed Image Based on Morphological Segmentation[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2004, 33(4): 347-351. (朱长青,王耀革,马秋禾, 等. 基于形态分割的高分辨率遥感影像道路提取[J]. 测绘学报, 2004, 33(4): 347-351.)
[4] LI Xiaofeng, ZHANG Shuqing, HAN Fuwei, et al. Road Extraction from High Resolution Remote Sensing Images Based on Multiple Information Fusion[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2008, 37(2): 178-184. (李晓峰,张树清,韩富伟, 等. 基于多重信息融合的高分辨率遥感影像道路信息提取[J]. 测绘学报, 2008, 37(2): 178-184.)
[5] CHEN Jie, DENG Min, XIAO Pengfeng, et al. Object-oriented Classification of High Resolution Imagery Combining Support Vector Machine with Granular Computing[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2011, 40(2): 137-141. (陈杰,邓敏,肖鹏峰, 等. 结合支持向量机与粒度计算的高分辨率遥感影像面向对象分类[J]. 测绘学报, 2011, 40(2): 137-141.)
[6] ZHOU Shaoguang, XU Yong. To Extract Roads with No Clear and Continuous Boundaries in RS Images[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2008, 37(3): 301-307. (周绍光,徐勇. 在高分辨率遥感影像中提取无清晰连续边缘线的道路[J]. 测绘学报, 2008, 37(3): 301-307.)
[7] LIU Zhumei, LIU Yalan, TAN Qulin, et al. Progress in Vehicle Detection from High Resoluion Satellite Imagery[J]. Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 2012, 27(1): 8-14. (刘珠妹,刘亚岚,谭衢霖, 等. 高分辨率卫星影像车辆检测研究进展[J]. 遥感技术与应用, 2012, 27(1): 8-14.)
[8] LARSEN S O, SALBERG A B. Automatic Vehicle Counts from QuickBird Images[C]//Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event. Munich: IEEE, 2011: 9-12.
[9] HONG Z, LI L. An Artificial Immune Approach for Vehicle Detection from High Resolution Space Imagery[J]. IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, 2007, 7 (2): 67-72.
[10] MISHRA R K, ZHANG Y. Automatic Moving Vehicle's Information Extraction from One-pass Worldview-2 Satellite Imagery[C]//Proceedings of International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Montreal: GEOIDE, 2012: 323-328.
[11] HE Xiaofei,ZHOU Liqion,LI Jian. Traffic Information Extraction Based on the High Resolution of Remote Sensing Image[J]. Urban Geotechnical Investigation& Surveying, 2011(3): 49-51. (何晓飞, 周丽琼, 李建. 基于高分辨率遥感影像的车流信息提取[J]. 城市勘测, 2011(3): 49-51.)
[12] QI Lina, ZHANG Bo, WANG Zhankai. Application of the OTSU Method in Image Processing[J]. Radio Engineering, 2006, 36(7): 25-26. (齐丽娜,张博,王战凯. 最大类间方差法在图像处理中的应用[J]. 无线电工程, 2006, 36(7): 25-26.)
[13] YU Yong, ZHENG Hong. Vehicle Detection from High Resolution Satellite Imagery Based on the Morphological Neural Network[J]. Joumal of Harbin Engineering University, 2006, 27: 189-193. (余勇,郑宏. 基于形态神经网络的高分辨率卫星影像车辆检测[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报, 2006, 27: 189-193.)
[14] LIU Jianxin. The Study of Algorithm about Vehicle Detection Based on High Resolution Satellite Image[D]. Dalian: Dalian Maritime University. (刘建鑫. 基于高分辨率卫星影像的车辆检测算法研究[D]. 大连: 大连海事大学, 2008.)
[15] ZHENG Hong, HU Xuemin. An Antibody Networks Approach for Vehicle Detection from High Resolution Satellite Imagery[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2009, 13(5): 920-926. (郑宏, 胡学敏. 高分辨率卫星影像车辆检测的抗体网络[J]. 遥感学报, 2009, 13(5):920-926.)
[16] EIKVIL L, AURDAL L, KOREN H. Classification-based Vehicle Detection in High-resolution Satellite Images[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2009, 64(1): 65-72.
[17] SUN H, SUN X, WANG H Q, et al. Automatic Target Detection in High-resolution Remote Sensing Images Using Spatial Sparse Coding Bag-of-words Model[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2012, 9(1): 109-113.
[18] LIU J H, FANG T, LI D R. Shadow Detection in Remotely Sensed Images Based on Self-adaptive Feature Selection[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2011, 49(12): 5092-5103.
[19] VOICU L I, MYLER H R, WEEKS A R. Practical Considerations on Color Image Enhancement Using Homomorphic Filtering[J]. Journal of Electronic Imaging, 1997, 6(1): 108-113.
[20] ZHONG Y. Optimization of Building Detection in Satellite Images by Combining Multispectral Classification and Texture Filtering[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, 1999, 54: 50-60.
[21] KWON Y S, PARK I C, KYUNG C M. A Hardware Accelerator for the Specular Intensity of Phong Illumination Model in 3-dimensional Graphics[C]//Proceedings of the ASP-DAC Design Automation Conference. Yokohama: [s.n.], 2000: 559-564.