基于状态和残差的北斗基准站观测数据表达与信息分级

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2020.20190300

测绘学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 1265-1274.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2020.20190300

基于状态和残差的北斗基准站观测数据表达与信息分级

周乐韬¹, 黄丁发¹, 袁林果¹, 冯威¹, 龚晓颖¹, 田玉淼¹, 张熙², 赵英豪¹

1. 西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院测绘遥感信息系, 四川成都 611756;
2. 四川省第一测绘工程院, 四川成都 610049

收稿日期:2019-07-15 修回日期:2019-12-30 发布日期:2020-10-31
通讯作者: 黄丁发 E-mail:dfhuang@swjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:周乐韬(1977-),男,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为大地测量与导航。E-mail:ltzhou@swjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2016YFB0501900）；国家自然科学基金（41874008）

Expression and information hierarchical authorization of BDS reference station observation data based on states and residual

ZHOU Letao¹, HUANG Dingfa¹, YUAN Linguo¹, FENG Wei¹, GONG Xiaoying¹, TIAN Yumiao¹, ZHANG Xi², ZHAO Yinghao¹

1. Department of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China;
2. First Institute of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610049, China

Received:2019-07-15 Revised:2019-12-30 Published:2020-10-31
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFB0501900);The Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41874008)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 北斗卫星导航系统基准站通常直接存储传输原始观测量，导致了两种不利情况：①没有形成对用户的分级授权机制，任意用户通过原始观测量都可以获取基准站的精确空间基准、时间基准和大气基准数据，这会对基准站的安全构成潜在威胁；②原始观测量之间的强相关性导致其数据量很大，在北斗接收机观测显现网络化、不间断、高采样和多波段的趋势下，观测数据的海量爆发给数据的存储和传输都带来了巨大的压力。因此，本文提出利用状态和残差来表达北斗基准站观测数据。与通用的基于RINEX、Compact RINEX和RTCM等国际协议的数据服务相比，其优点是不但可以对不同级别用户进行信息分级授权，从技术上保障数据服务的安全，而且大幅减小了存储传输数据量和用户端计算量。同时本文证明了新的表达方式与原始数据等效，不会降低最终计算结果的精度。利用该方法可以建立具有自主知识产权的北斗观测数据存储和传输协议，并为高精度星基数据播发服务提供技术支持。

关键词: 分级, 状态, 残差, 数据协议, 星基播发, 网络RTK, 精密单点定位

Abstract: BDS reference stations typically store and transmit raw observations directly and make them available to users, which can lead to two disadvantages:first, there is no hierarchical authorization mechanism for users. Any user can solve the precise spatial, time and atmospheric datum information of the reference station through the original observation measurement, which poses a potential threat to the safety of the reference station, second, the strong correlation between the original observation measurement leads to a large amount of data, in BDS receiver observation appears network, uninterrupted, high sampling and multi-band trend, its observation data is a massive explosion, to the data storage and transmission have brought great pressure. Therefore, this paper proposes to use state and residual to express the raw observation data of BDS reference station. Compared with the common data services based on international protocols such as RINEX, Compact RINEX and RTCM, the advantage of this method is that it cannot only provide hierarchical authorization service of datum information for users, technically guarantee the security of data services, but also significantly reduce the amount of transmission data and user-side computation. At the same time, the new expression is equivalent to the original data and does not reduce the accuracy of the final calculation results. This method can be used to establish BDS observation data storage and transmission protocol with independent intellectual property rights, and provide technical support for satellite-based broadcasting services of high-precision data.

Key words: hierarchical authorization, states, residual, data protocol, satellite-based broadcast, network RTK, PPP

中图分类号:

P237
TD17

周乐韬, 黄丁发, 袁林果, 冯威, 龚晓颖, 田玉淼, 张熙, 赵英豪. 基于状态和残差的北斗基准站观测数据表达与信息分级[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(10): 1265-1274.

ZHOU Letao, HUANG Dingfa, YUAN Linguo, FENG Wei, GONG Xiaoying, TIAN Yumiao, ZHANG Xi, ZHAO Yinghao. Expression and information hierarchical authorization of BDS reference station observation data based on states and residual[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2020, 49(10): 1265-1274.

参考文献

[1] 党亚民. 加强卫星导航定位基准站监管保障国家地理信息安全[J]. 中国人大, 2017(9):38-39. DANG Yamin. Strengthen the supervision of satellite navigation and positioning reference stations to safeguard national geographic information security[J]. Chinese People's Congress, 2017(9):38-39.
[2] 党亚民, 章传银, 陈俊勇, 等. 现代大地测量基准[M]. 北京:测绘出版社, 2015. DANG Yamin, ZHANG Chuanyin, CHEN Junyong, et al. Modern geodetic datum[M]. Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press, 2015.
[3] 黄丁发, 李成钢, 吴耀强, 等. GPS/VRS实时网络改正数生成算法研究[J]. 测绘学报, 2007, 36(3):256-261, 339. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-1595.2007.03.003. HUANG Dingfa, LI Chenggang, WU Yaoqiang, et al. Study of the real-time network correction generation approach for GPS/VRS technique[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2007, 36(3):256-261, 339. DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1001-1595.2007.03.003.
[4] 黄丁发, 周乐韬, 刘经南, 等. 基于Internet的VRS/RTK定位算法模型及实验研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2007, 32(3):220-224, 228. HUANG Dingfa, ZHOU Letao, LIU Jingnan, et al. Internet based VRS/RTK positioning algorithm and experiment[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2007, 32(3):220-224, 228.
[5] 徐晓华, 熊剑, 罗佳. 利用Huffman算法对RINEX格式GPS观测文件进行压缩[J]. 测绘信息与工程, 2002, 27(5):21-22. XU Xiaohua, XIONG Jian, LUO Jia. The compression of GPS data file in RINEX format with Huffman algorithm[J]. Journal of Geomatics, 2002, 27(5):21-22.
[6] 李英冰, 闫景仙, 熊程波, 等. GNSS观测值的压缩方法研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2012, 37(7):818-822. LI Yingbing, YAN Jingxian, XIONG Chengbo, et al. Compression algorithm for GNSS observations data[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2012, 37(7):818-822.
[7] HATANAKA Y. A compression format and tools for GNSS observation data[J]. Bulletin of the Geographical Survey Institute, 2008, 55:21-30.
[8] Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services. Differential GNSS services-version 3:RTCM standard 10403.2[S]. Arlington, VA:Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services, 2013.
[9] 周乐韬,黄丁发,冯威. 基于状态及残差的观测数据无损压缩方法:CN201710833151.9[P]. 2018-01-19. ZHOU Letao, HUANG Dingfa, FENG Wei. Non-destructive compression method of observation data based on state and residual:CN201710833151.9[P]. 2018-01-19.
[10] 张建明, 林亚平, 周四望, 等. 传感器网络中误差有界的小波数据压缩算法[J]. 软件学报, 2010, 21(6):1364-1377. ZHANG Jianming, LIN Yaping, ZHOU Siwang, et al. Haar wavelet data compression algorithm with error bound for wireless sensor networks[J]. Journal of Software, 2010, 21(6):1364-1377.
[11] BOEHM J, NIELL A, TREGONING P, et al. Global mapping function (GMF):a new empirical mapping function based on numerical weather model data[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33(7):304-307.
[12] DAVIS J L, HERRING T A, SHAPIRO I I, et al. Geodesy by radio interferometry:effects of atmospheric modeling errors on estimates of baseline length[J]. Radio Science, 1985, 20(6):1593-1607.
[13] SAASTAMOINEN J. Atmospheric correction for the troposphere and stratosphere in radio ranging of satellites[M]//HENRIKSEN S W, MANCINI A, CHOVITZ B H. The Use of Artificial Satellites for Geodesy. Washington, DC:American Geophysical Union, 1972:247-251.
[14] PETIT G, LUZUM B. IERS conventions (2010)[R].[S.l.]:IERS Convention Centre, 2010.
[15] LAGLER K, SCHINDELEGGER M, BÖHM J, et al. GPT2:Empirical slant delay model for radio space geodetic techniques[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2013, 40(6):1069-1073.
[16] ROTHACHER M, SCHMID R. ANTEX:The Antenna Exchange Format, v1.4[EB/OL]. (2018-04-25)[2018-11-05]. http://gnsser.com/Information/ViewDetails/356.
[17] SCHMID R, ROTHACHER M, THALLER D, et al. Absolute phase center corrections of satellite and receiver antennas[J]. GPS Solutions, 2005, 9(4):283-293.
[18] 周乐韬, 黄丁发, 冯威, 等. 北斗卫星导航系统/美国全球定位系统载波相位相对定位全球精度分析[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2019, 49(4):671-686. ZHOU Letao, HUANG Dingfa, FENG Wei, et al. Global precision analysis of carrier phase relative positioning in BeiDou navigation satellite system and United States global positioning system[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2019, 49(4):671-686.
[19] 崔希璋, 於宗俦, 陶本藻, 等. 广义测量平差[M]. 武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社, 2001. CUI Xizhang, YU Zongchou, TAO Benzao, et al. Generalized surveying adjustment[M]. Wuhan:Wuhan University of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology Press, 2001.
[20] KLOBUCHAR J A. Ionospheric effects on GPS[M]//PARKINSON B W, SPILKER J J JR, AXELRAD P, et al. Global Positioning System:Theory and Applications. Washington, DC:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., 1996.
[21] XU Guochang. GPS:theory, algorithms and applications[M]. 2nd ed. Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2007.
[22] GE Maorong, GENDT G, ROTHACHER M, et al. Resolution of GPS carrier-phase ambiguities in Precise Point Positioning (PPP) with daily observations[J]. Journal of Geodesy, 2008, 82(7):389-399.
[23] LI Xingxing, GE Maorong, ZHANG Hongping, et al. A method for improving uncalibrated phase delay estimation and ambiguity-fixing in real-time precise point positioning[J]. Journal of Geodesy, 2013, 87(5):405-416.
[24] GENG Jianghui, MENG Xiaolin, DODSON A H, et al. Rapid re-convergences to ambiguity-fixed solutions in precise point positioning[J]. Journal of Geodesy, 2010, 84(12):705-714.
[25] 彭小强, 高井祥, 王坚. WGS84和CGCS2000坐标转换研究[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2015, 35(2):219-221. PENG Xiaoqiang, GAO Jingxiang, WANG Jian. Research of the coordinate conversion between WGS84 and CGCS2000[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2015, 35(2):219-221.

基于状态和残差的北斗基准站观测数据表达与信息分级

Expression and information hierarchical authorization of BDS reference station observation data based on states and residual

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	施闯, 辜声峰, 楼益栋, 郑福, 宋伟, 张东, 毛飞宇. 广域实时精密定位与时间服务系统[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(7): 1206-1214.
[2]	金双根, 汪奇生, 史奇奇. 单频到五频多系统GNSS精密单点定位参数估计与应用[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(7): 1239-1248.
[3]	杨凯淳, 吕志平, 李林阳, 邝英才, 许炜, 郑茜. 附加历元间约束的滑动窗单频实时精密单点定位算法[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(5): 648-657.
[4]	姚翔宇, 黄丽娜, 于洋. 数字环境下面状要素分级设色的适宜方案分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(2): 290-300.
[5]	蔡洪亮, 孟轶男, 耿长江, 高为广, 张天桥, 李罡, 邵搏, 辛洁, 卢红洋, 毛悦, 袁海波, 刘成, 胡小工, 楼益栋. 北斗三号全球导航卫星系统服务性能评估:定位导航授时、星基增强、精密单点定位、短报文通信与国际搜救[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(4): 427-435.
[6]	房亚男, 朱俊, 李杰, 王冲, 王家松, 张少愚. 北斗混合星座分层约束下的精密定轨方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(4): 466-474.
[7]	蔡成林, 沈文波, 曾武陵, 于洪刚, 谢小平. 多普勒积分重构与STPIR联合周跳探测与修复[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(2): 160-168.
[8]	蒋腾平, 王永君, 张林淇, 梁冲, 孙剑. 融合CNN和MRF的激光点云层次化语义分割方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(2): 215-225.
[9]	张兵兵, 牛继强, 王正涛, 徐丰, 田坤俊. Swarm系列卫星非差运动学厘米级精密定轨[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(1): 27-36.
[10]	周锋, 徐天河. GPS/BDS/Galileo三频精密单点定位模型及性能分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2021, 50(1): 61-70.
[11]	张小红, 胡家欢, 任晓东. PPP/PPP-RTK新进展与北斗/GNSS PPP定位性能比较[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(9): 1084-1100.
[12]	刘成, 高为广, 潘军洋, 唐成盼, 胡小工, 王威, 陈颖, 卢鋆, 宿晨庚. 基于北斗星间链路闭环残差检测的星间钟差平差改正[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(9): 1149-1157.
[13]	苏珂, 金双根. BDS/Galileo四频精密单点定位模型性能分析与比较[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(9): 1189-1201.
[14]	郭迎钢, 李宗春, 何华, 王志颖. 三维坐标转换公共点最优权值的单纯形搜索算法[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(8): 1004-1013.
[15]	杜祯强, 柴洪洲, 向民志, 尹潇, 刘春鹤. 3种PPP模型的统一模糊度固定方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(7): 824-832.