BDS卫星钟差半参数平差模型异常数据探测与处理

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2020.20180384

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对北斗卫星钟差数据中出现钟跳、粗差等异常数据频次较高的问题，将半参数平差模型引入BDS的钟差数据的处理过程中。首先，在考虑系统误差的同时，改进了常用的钟差模型；其次，综合考虑异常数据和系统误差，利用补偿最小二乘原理和极值求解方法，详细推导了分离异常数据前后参数和非参数估计值与相应观测值改正数的关系表达式，实现了异常数据的定值、参数求解和系统误差分离。在此基础上，引入Cook距离，给出了利用参数分量和非参数分量的Cook距离及混合Cook距离，去判断异常值的位置，并给出了一些参数的选取方法及相应的处理措施，实现了卫星钟差异常数据的定位和定值以及部分系统误差的分离。最后，采用武汉大学GNSS中心提供的采样间隔为5 min的北斗卫星精密钟差数据，将本文方法与常用方法进行了试验对比。试验结果表明，本文方法能够有效地识别并处理卫星钟差数据中的异常值，有效克服了基于经验阈值钟差异常数据探测方法的不足，且该方法对于量级较小的异常钟差数据也有很好的探测效果，一定程度丰富了现有的BDS钟差数据质量控制方法。

关键词: BDS, 卫星钟差, 异常数据探测, 半参数平差模型, Cook距离

Abstract: In view of the high frequency of abnormal data such as clock jump, gross error and so on in the BeiDou satellite clock offset data, this paper introduces the semiparametric adjustment model to the processing of the clock offset data of BDS. First of all, when considering the system error, we improved the common clock offset model. Secondly, when considering the abnormal data and the system error comprehensively, we use the compensation of principle of least squares and the extreme value solving method, the relation expression of estimated value of the parameters and non-parameters before and after the separation of the abnormal data and the corrected values of the corresponding observation values is derived in detail, and separation of the fixed value of the abnormal data, the parameter solution and the system error is realized. On this basis, the Cook distance is introduced, the Cook distance of parameter components and nonparametric components and the mixed Cook distance are presented to determine the location of the abnormal value. And the selection method of some parameters and the corresponding treatment measures are presented to achieve the location and fixed value of the anomaly data of the satellite clock offset and the separation of some system errors. Finally, the comparison is conducted by the method adopted in this paper and common method using the precision clock offset data of the BeiDou satellite, which has a sampling interval of 5 min from the GNSS center of Wuhan University. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively identify abnormal value in the satellite clock and deal with it, and effectively overcome the deficiency of the anomaly detection method based on the empirical threshold difference, and this method has a good detection effect for the abnormal clock offset data of smaller magnitude. To a certain extent, it has enriched the existing BDS clock offset data quality control method.

Key words: BDS, satellite clock offset, anomaly data detection, semiparametric adjustment model, Cook distance

中图分类号:

P228

李文涛, 颜雄, 夏磊, 任青阳, 陈洁, 潘雄. BDS卫星钟差半参数平差模型异常数据探测与处理[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(1): 55-64.

LI Wentao, YAN Xiong, XIA Lei, REN Qingyang, CHEN Jie, PAN Xiong. Abnormal data detection and process by using BDS satellite offset semiparametric adjustment model[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2020, 49(1): 55-64.

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