中国地震科学实验场BDS-3定位精度和地壳运动初步分析

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2024.20230044

测绘学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 653-665.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2024.20230044

中国地震科学实验场BDS-3定位精度和地壳运动初步分析

贺添¹(), 孟国杰¹(), 吴伟伟¹, 苏小宁², 赵国强¹^,³, 魏聪敏¹^,⁴, 董志华¹^,⁴

^1.中国地震局地震预测研究所，北京　100036
^2.兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院，甘肃　兰州　730070
^3.中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院，湖南　长沙　410083
^4.中国地震局地球物理研究所，北京　100081

收稿日期:2023-02-21 修回日期:2023-07-01 发布日期:2024-05-13
通讯作者: 孟国杰 E-mail:2269566647@qq.com;mgj@ief.ac.cn
作者简介:贺添（1997—），男，硕士生，研究方向为GNSS精密数据处理及现今地壳形变。E-mail：2269566647@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0108900);国家自然科学基金(42374009);中国地震科学实验场项目(CEAIEF20220403);中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务费专项(CEAIEF20220506)

Preliminary analysis to positioning precision and crustal movement of BDS-3 data recorded by the China seismic experiment site

Tian HE¹(), Guojie MENG¹(), Weiwei WU¹, Xiaoning SU², Guoqiang ZHAO¹^,³, Congmin WEI¹^,⁴, Zhihua DONG¹^,⁴

^1.Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China
^2.Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
^3.School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
^4.Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2023-02-21 Revised:2023-07-01 Published:2024-05-13
Contact: Guojie MENG E-mail:2269566647@qq.com;mgj@ief.ac.cn
About author:HE Tian (1997—), male, postgraduate, majors in precise processing of GNSS data and current crustal deformation. E-mail: 2269566647@qq.com
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program(2019YFE0108900);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42374009);The Research Program of China Seismic Experimental Site(CEAIEF20220403);The Basic Research Program of IEF, CEA(CEAIEF20220506)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我国BDS-3卫星导航系统于2020年7月建成，并为全球用户提供服务，自此开始，中国地震科学实验场（简称“实验场”）的GNSS测站相继接收BDS-3卫星数据，目前已经积累了2年多的观测数据，为BDS-3应用于川滇地区地壳运动监测提供了重要平台和数据保障。为评估实验场BDS-3观测数据的精度及其应用于地壳监测的可行性，本文首先根据各测站所记录的BDS-3的B1I和B3I两个频点的多路径效应和信噪比与卫星高度角之间的关系，对BDS-3的数据质量进行评价。然后，基于高精度数据处理软件GAMIT/GLOBK（10.7版）对各测站同期记录的BDS-3和GPS数据分别进行处理，得到BDS-3和GPS坐标时间序列。基于包括线性项、年周期项和半年周期项等分量的函数模型，利用极大似然法分别对BDS-3和GPS时间序列进行拟合估计，得到各测站的线性速度、年周期和半年周期信号，并对拟合结果对比分析，评定BDS-3和GPS的定位精度。最后，讨论BDS-3定位精度的影响因素和BDS-3水平速度场的区域性特征。研究表明：实验场BDS-3与GPS原始数据质量相当，BDS-3坐标时间序列的均方根残差（RMS）的平均值在N、E、U方向上分别为4.42、4.25和8.34 mm，稍大于GPS的结果。BDS-3与GPS速度场在E方向存在约2.0 mm/a系统性差异。在区域分布特征方面，BDS-3和GPS的速度场、周年期和半年信号没有明显差别。认为目前影响BDS-3定位精度的因素主要为卫星轨道产品不够完善，经验型太阳光压模型和卫星天线相位中心改正模型等欠缺。造成BDS-3和GPS速度场差异的原因主要为两者的定位基准不一致。随着实验场BDS-3观测数据的积累和数据解算模型的改进，BDS-3可望达到GPS的定位精度，并形成独立于GPS的监测系统，为该区地壳运动监测和地震预测提供优质的大地测量产品。

关键词: BDS-3, GNSS, 中国地震科学实验场, 地壳形变

Abstract:

The BDS-3 navigation satellite system of China was completely accomplished in July 2020, then starting to provide services for global users. GNSS stations in the China seismic experiment site (CSES) have been receiving BDS-3 satellite data ever since, and accumulated observational data for more than 2 years, providing an important platform in acquiring observational data for the application of BDS-3 in exploring crustal movement in Sichuan-Yunan area. To assess the current precision of the BDS-3 positioning and its performance in crustal movement monitoring, we first evaluate the quality of BDS-3 observational data according to the relationship of multi-path effect and signal-to-noise ration with elevation angles. Using GAMIT/GLOBK (version 10.7), we have processed the simultaneously recorded BDS-3 and GPS data separately to obtain coordinate time series for each station. Fitting the time series of three coordinate components separately with a functional model which encompasses linear, annual, semi-annual and other terms by the maximum probability estimation method, we obtain velocity, amplitude and phase for E, N and U components of the coordinate time series. Furthermore, we evaluate the precision of BDS-3 and GPS by comparative analysis of the fitting results. Finally we discuss the possible factors which could influence the positioning precision of BDS-3, and regional features of the horizontal velocity field derived from BDS-3 observations. The results show that the quality of raw data for BDS-3 observations is comparable with GPS data. The data fitting for BDS-3 and GPS time series shows that the average value of root mean square (RMS) of the BDS-3 residual time series are 4.42, 4.25 and 8.34 mm for the E, N and U components, respectively, larger than those of GPS data. Systematic difference is identified of about 2 mm/a in E direction between velocity fields of BDS-3 and GPS. The velocity fields, and the annual and semi-annual signals derived from BDS-3 and GPS data do not show obvious differences in regional distribution. We think that currently the factors affecting the positioning precision of BDS-3 are the relatively lower precision of satellite orbit and clock difference products, the shortage of empirical solar pressure and satellite antenna phase center correction for BDS-3 and so on. The difference between the velocity fields of BDS-3 and GPS is due to the inconsistence of their reference frames. We expect that, with the continuous accumulation of BDS-3 observational data and the improvement of the data processing models, the positioning precision of BDS-3 will enhance with time, and the BDS-3 will be used independently from GPS to provide geodetic products of high-precision for monitoring crustal movement at CSES.

Key words: BDS-3, GNSS, China seismic experimental site, crustal deformation

中图分类号:

P227

贺添, 孟国杰, 吴伟伟, 苏小宁, 赵国强, 魏聪敏, 董志华. 中国地震科学实验场BDS-3定位精度和地壳运动初步分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(4): 653-665.

Tian HE, Guojie MENG, Weiwei WU, Xiaoning SU, Guoqiang ZHAO, Congmin WEI, Zhihua DONG. Preliminary analysis to positioning precision and crustal movement of BDS-3 data recorded by the China seismic experiment site[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2024, 53(4): 653-665.

图/表 14

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表1

表2

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

表3

参考文献 30

[1]	中国卫星导航系统管理办公室.北斗卫星导航系统介绍[EB/OL]. [2023-02-12].http://www.csno-tarc.cn/system/introduction.
	China Satellite Navigation Office. BeiDou navigation satellite system introduction[EB/OL]. [2023-02-12]. http://www.csno-tarc.cn/system/introduction.
[2]	杨元喜, 许扬胤, 李金龙, 等. 北斗三号系统进展及性能预测：试验验证数据分析[J]. 中国科学：地球科学, 2018, 48(5):584-594.
	YANG Yuanxi, XU Yangyin, LI Jinlong, et al. Progress and performance evaluation of BeiDou global navigation satellite system: data analysis based on BDS-3 demonstration system[J]. Scientia Sinica (Terrae), 2018, 48(5):584-594.
[3]	黄文德, 康娟, 张利云, 等. 北斗卫星导航定位原理与方法[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2019: 17.
	HUANG Wende, KANG Juan, ZHANG Liyun, et al. Principle and method of BeiDou satellite navigation and positioning[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2019: 17.
[4]	张双成, 王倩怡, 刘奇, 等. BDS精密相对定位精度的GAMIT分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2018, 43(12):92-97.
	ZHANG Shuangcheng, WANG Qianyi, LIU Qi, et al. Analysis of precision relative positioning accuracy of BDS by GAMIT[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2018, 43(12):92-97.
[5]	王西龙, 许小龙, 赵齐乐. 北斗三号系统信号质量分析及轨道精度验证[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2023, 48(4):611-619.
	WANG Xilong, XU Xiaolong, ZHAO Qile. Signal quality analysis and orbit accuracy verification of BDS-3[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2023, 48(4):611-619.
[6]	程军龙, 王旺, 马立烨, 等. 北斗三号观测数据质量及定位精度初步评估[J]. 测绘通报, 2019(8):1-7.
	CHENG Junlong, WANG Wang, MA Liye, et al. Preliminary analysis of observation quality and positioning precision for BDS-3 satellites[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2019(8):1-7.
[7]	符宏伟. GNSS静态相对定位精度分析与比较[J]. 导航定位学报, 2021, 9(5):114-120.
	FU Hongwei. Precision analysis and comparison of GNSS static relative positioning[J]. Journal of Navigation and Positioning, 2021, 9(5):114-120.
[8]	SU Xiaoning, MENG Guojie, SUN Haili, et al. Positioning performance of BDS observation of the crustal movement observation network of China and its potential application on crustal deformation[J]. Sensors, 2018, 18(10):3353.
[9]	中国卫星导航系统管理办公室测试评估研究中心.北斗系统状态：星座状态 [EB/OL].[2023-02-12].http://www.csno-tarc.cn/system/constellation.
	Test and Assessment Research Center of China Satellite Navigation Office. BeiDou navigation system status: constellation status [EB/OL]. [2023-02-12]. http://www.csno-tarc.cn/system/constellation.
[10]	HERRING T A, KING R W, MCCLUSKY S C. GLOBK reference manual: global Kalman filter VLBI and GPS analysis program, release 10.6 [EB/OL]. [2023-02-12].http://geoweb.mit.edu/gg/docs/GLOBK_Ref.pdf.
[11]	HERRING T A, KING R W, MCKLUSKY S C. GAMIT reference manual: GPS analysis at MIT, version 10.7 [EB/OL]. [2023-02-12].http://geoweb.mit.edu/gg/docs/GAMIT_Ref.pdf.
[12]	SAASTAMOINEN J. Contributions to the theory of atmospheric refraction[J]. Bulletin Géodésique (1946—1975), 1972, 105(1):279-298.
[13]	BOEHM J, NIELL A, TREGONING P, et al. Global mapping function (GMF): a new empirical mapping function based on numerical weather model data[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33(7):304-307.
[14]	LYARD F, LEFEVRE F, LETELLIER T, et al. Modelling the global ocean tides: modern insights from FES2004[J]. Ocean Dyna-mics, 2006, 56(5):394-415.
[15]	BOS M S, FERNANDES R M S, WILLIAMS S D P, et al. Fast error analysis of continuous GNSS observations with missing data[J]. Journal of Geodesy, 2013, 87(4):351-360.
[16]	NIKOLAIDIS R. Observation of geodetic and seismic deformation with the global positioning system [D]. San Diego: University of California, 2002.
[17]	ZHANG Jie, BOCK Y, JOHNSON H, et al. Southern California permanent GPS geodetic array: error analysis of daily position estimates and site velocities[J]. Journal of Geophical Research, 1997, 102(B8):18035-18055.
[18]	WILLIAMS S D P, BOCK Y, FANG Peng, et al. Error analysis of continuous GPS position time series[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2004, 109(B3):B03412.
[19]	张小红, 丁乐乐. 北斗二代观测值质量分析及随机模型精化[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2013, 38(7):832-836.
	ZHANG Xiaohong, DING Lele. Quality analysis of the second generation compass observables and stochastic model refining[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2013, 38(7):832-836.
[20]	王阅兵, 甘卫军, 陈为涛, 等. 北斗导航系统精密单点定位在地壳运动监测中的应用分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(1):48-56. DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170147.
	WANG Yuebing, GAN Weijun, CHEN Weitao, et al. The analysis of precise point positioning of BeiDou navigation satellite system application in crustal motion monitoring[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2018, 47(1):48-56. DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170147.
[21]	施闯, 魏娜, 李敏, 等. 利用北斗系统建立和维持国家大地坐标参考框架的方法研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2017, 42(11):1635-1643.
	SHI Chuang, WEI Na, LI Min, et al. Approaches to realize and maintain national terrestrial reference frame based on BDS data[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2017, 42(11):1635-1643.
[22]	李星星, 李婕, 袁勇强, 等. 北斗三号卫星经验型太阳光压模型分析与精化[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(8):1680-1689. DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20210532.
	LI Xingxing, LI Jie, YUAN Yongqiang, et al. Assessment and improvement of the empirical solar radiation pressure models for BDS-3 satellites[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2022, 51(8):1680-1689. DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20210532.
[23]	CHEN Qiuli, YANG Hui, CHEN Zhonggui, et al. Solar radiation pressure modeling and application of BDS satellites[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, 2020, 3(2):45-52.
[24]	李星星, 张伟, 袁勇强, 等. GNSS卫星精密定轨综述：现状、挑战与机遇[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(7):1271-1293. DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20220173.
	LI Xingxing, ZHANG Wei, YUAN Yongqiang, et al. Review of GNSS precise orbit determination: status, challenges, and opportunities[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2022, 51(7):1271-1293. DOI: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20220173.
[25]	刘路, 郭金运, 周茂盛, 等. GNSS广播星历轨道和钟差精度分析[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2022, 47(7):1122-1132.
	LIU Lu, GUO Jinyun, ZHOU Maosheng, et al. Accuracy analysis of GNSS broadcast ephemeris orbit and clock offset[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2022, 47(7):1122-1132.
[26]	张小红, 李盼, 李星星, 等. 天线相位中心改正模型对PPP参数估计的影响[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2011, 36(12):1470-1473.
	ZHANG Xiaohong, LI Pan, LI Xingxing, et al. Influcence of antenna phase center correction model on precise point positioning[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2011, 36(12):1470-1473.
[27]	张胜凯, 左耀文, 鄂栋臣, 等. 天线相位中心改正模型对南极GPS基线解算的影响[J]. 测绘科学, 2018, 43(8):151-156.
	ZHANG Shengkai, ZUO Yaowen, E Dongchen, et al. The impact of antenna phase center correction model on the GPS baseline solution in Antarctic[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2018, 43(8):151-156.
[28]	任琛, 王晨, 李振洪. 北斗三号卫星天线相位中心改正模型对精密定轨和定位的影响[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2022, 42(12):1227-1232,1261.
	REN Chen, WANG Chen, LI Zhenhong. Impact of satellites antenna phase center correction model on BDS-3 precise orbit determination and positioning[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2022, 42(12):1227-1232,1261.
[29]	QU Ziyang, GUO Jing, ZHAO Qile. Phase center corrections for BDS IGSO and MEO satellites in IGb14 and IGSR3 frame[J]. Remote Sensing, 2021, 13(4):745.
[30]	乔学军, 王琪, 杜瑞林. 川滇地区活动地块现今地壳形变特征[J]. 地球物理学报, 2004, 47(5):806-812.
	QIAO Xuejun, WANG Qi, DU Ruilin. Characteristics of current crustal deformation of active blocks in the Sichuan-Yunnan region[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2004, 47(5):806-812.

星座	N	E	U
BDS	3.03	1.64	4.47
GPS	0.81	0.80	2.92

中国地震科学实验场BDS-3定位精度和地壳运动初步分析

Preliminary analysis to positioning precision and crustal movement of BDS-3 data recorded by the China seismic experiment site

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 14

参考文献 30

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	赵东升, 张雪礼, 崔双雷, 王潜心, 李冠青, 李龙江, 李宸栋, 张克非. 基于ROTI和AATR的测地型GNSS接收机监测北半球高纬度区域电离层闪烁准确性分析[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(7): 1251-1264.
[2]	布金伟, 余科根, 汪秋兰, 李玲惠, 刘馨雨, 左小清, 常军. 融合星载GNSS-R数据和多变量参数全球海洋有效波高深度学习反演法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(7): 1321-1335.
[3]	鲁铁定, 李祯. 顾及地球物理效应的GNSS高程时间序列AdaBoost预测和插值方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(6): 1077-1085.
[4]	许豪, 张勤, 王利, 舒宝, 杜源, 黄观文. 无人机抛投式GNSS滑坡监测设备智能化部署选址方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(6): 1140-1153.
[5]	杨兴海, 袁林果, 姜中山, 汤苗. 联合GNSS与GRACE/GRACE-FO数据反演中国西南地区陆地水储量变化[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(5): 813-822.
[6]	周苍海, 田镇, 石震, 托坎哈衣那尔·. 时序InSAR与GNSS联合约束下的亚东-谷露断裂运动特征[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(5): 933-945.
[7]	胡超, 王潜心. 顾及BDS-3星钟约束的GNSS超快速轨道钟差解算方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(3): 413-424.
[8]	穆梦雪, 赵龙. 车载GNSS/SINS/里程计分布式弹性融合导航方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(3): 425-434.
[9]	王笑蕾, 南阳, 何秀凤, 宋敏峰. 考虑潮波特性的GNSS-IR潮位反演方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(3): 482-492.
[10]	黄令勇, 李世忠, 夏俊明, 王海岩, 孙越强, 杨日新, 杜起飞, 黄志勇. 岸基条件下的星载GNSS-R干涉测高精度验证评估[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(2): 239-251.
[11]	赵庆志, 马智, 姚宜斌, 杜正. GNSS辅助风云三号卫星MERSI近红外通道的大气可降水量反演方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(2): 306-320.
[12]	武曙光, 边少锋, 李厚朴, 李昭, 欧阳华. 基于变分模态分解的GNSS高程时间序列时变信号提取[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(1): 79-90.
[13]	王尔申, 孙薪蕙, 曲萍萍, 曾洪正, 徐嵩, 庞涛. 基于动态粒子群算法的ARAIM可用性优化方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2024, 53(1): 137-145.
[14]	查九平, 张宝成, 刘腾, 张啸, 侯鹏宇, 袁运斌, 李子申. BDS-3 PPP-B2b精密轨道辅助非差非组合PPP-RTK[J]. 测绘学报, 2023, 52(9): 1449-1459.
[15]	鲁铁定, 李祯, 贺小星, 周世健. 融合VMD和XGBoost算法的GNSS高程时间序列预测方法[J]. 测绘学报, 2023, 52(8): 1235-1244.

星座	N	E	U
BDS	4.42	4.26	8.34
GPS	2.65	3.19	7.39