地质灾害航空遥感技术应用现状及展望

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2022.20220302

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国地质灾害发生十分频繁,因灾损失尤为严重,近年来发生的多起重大地质灾害事件表明高植被覆盖山区,以及一些受地形条件限制人迹罕至区域的地质灾害防治工作仍是传统群测群防的难题。航空遥感技术因其独特视场角、机动灵活等优势可快速高效地揭示地质灾害的空间分布特征和时空演化规律,在地质灾害调查评价、应急响应等方面发挥了重要作用。本文在简要概述航空遥感技术、平台及传感器的基础上,系统总结了国内外航空遥感在地质灾害识别解译、调查评价、长期监测、应急响应、VR展示等方面的研究应用,阐述了目前地质灾害航空遥感应用所面临的机遇和挑战,并对航空遥感在地质灾害应用研究的发展趋势做出了展望。

关键词: 地质灾害, 航空遥感, 机载激光雷达, 无人机, 调查评价

Abstract: Geoharzards occur frequently in China, and the losses are especially serious. A number of catastrophic geohazards have occurred in recent years, which indicate that the prevention of geohazard in mountainous areas covered by high vegetation and in some inaccessible areas restricted by topographic conditions is still a difficult problem for traditional methodology. Aerial remote sensing technology can quickly and efficiently reveal the spatial distribution characteristics and spatial and temporal evolution rules of geoharzard, which has played an important role in the field of geoharzard prevention. Based on the brief introduction of the airborne remote sensing technology, platform and sensor, this paper systematically summarizes the research and application of airborne remote sensing at home and abroad in the geoharzard identification, investigation and evaluation, long-term monitoring, emergency response, virtual reality displayed. Analyzes the challenges faced by the application of airborne remote sensing in geoharzard, and looks forward to the development of the application of airborne remote sensing in geoharzard research trend.

Key words: geoharzard, aerial remote sensing, airborne LiDAR, UAV, survey and evaluation

中图分类号:

P237

许强, 郭晨, 董秀军. 地质灾害航空遥感技术应用现状及展望[J]. 测绘学报, 2022, 51(10): 2020-2033.

XU Qiang, GUO Chen, DONG Xiujun. Application status and prospect of aerial remote sensing technology for geohazards[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2022, 51(10): 2020-2033.

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