现场直播式地理信息服务：基于VR全景的现场实况远程临浸感知

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20250178

测绘学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 2276-2286.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20250178

现场直播式地理信息服务：基于VR全景的现场实况远程临浸感知

张锦彬¹(), 朱军¹^,²(), 党沛¹, 周宇轩¹, 杨博文¹

^1.西南交通大学地球科学与工程学院，四川　成都　611756
^2.西南交通大学桥梁智能与绿色建造全国重点实验室，四川　成都　611756

收稿日期:2025-04-23 修回日期:2025-11-14 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
通讯作者: 朱军 E-mail:zhangjinbin@my.swjtu.edu.cn;zhujun@swjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:张锦彬（1998—），男，博士生，研究方向为虚拟地理环境与数字孪生。　E-mail：zhangjinbin@my.swjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42271424; 42171397);西南交通大学博士研究生创新基金(CX-2025ZD07);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2682025ZTZD025)

Live-streaming geographic information service: remote immersive perception of on-site conditions based on VR panoramas

Jinbin ZHANG¹(), Jun ZHU¹^,²(), Pei DANG¹, Yuxuan ZHOU¹, Bowen YANG¹

^1.Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China

Received:2025-04-23 Revised:2025-11-14 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15
Contact: Jun ZHU E-mail:zhangjinbin@my.swjtu.edu.cn;zhujun@swjtu.edu.cn
About author:ZHANG Jinbin (1998—), male, PhD candidate, majors in virtual geographical environment and digital twins. E-mail: zhangjinbin@my.swjtu.edu.cn
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271424; 42171397);Doctoral Innovation Fund Program of Southwest Jiaotong University(CX-2025ZD07);The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2682025ZTZD025)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

现场直播式地理信息服务在应急指挥、施工管理和环境监测等领域具备巨大的应用潜力，但传统方法难以满足用户对于现场地理信息全方位、高保真、可分析、强时效的综合感知需求。因此，本文建立了基于VR全景的现场实况远程临浸感知方法及装备系统，搭建了面向复杂地理环境的全景相机挂接云台，设计了基于全景视频的地理信息远程传输机制，提出了展示-分析-探索多级增强的现场实况远程临浸感知方法，研制了VR全景远程临浸感知装备和原型系统，开展了案例试验分析。结果表明，本文方法能够帮助远程用户沉浸式感知和分析现场地理信息，实现了复杂环境下多层级的现场直播式地理信息服务，直播延迟时间稳定在6 s左右，音视频清晰且流畅，相比其他方法在沉浸感、实时性和可分析性方面具备显著优势，为无人机VR全景技术赋能测绘地理信息服务提供了范例参考。

关键词: 地理信息服务, 现场直播, 远程临浸感知, VR全景, 无人机

Abstract:

Live-streaming geographic information services have great application potential in fields such as emergency command, construction management, and environmental monitoring. However, traditional methods struggle to meet users' comprehensive demands for on-site geographic information that is all-encompassing, high-fidelity, analyzable, and highly timely. Therefore, this study establishes a VR-panoramic-based remote immersive perception method and equipment system for on-site live situations. First, a panoramic camera mounting head was built for use in complex geographic environments. Second, a remote transmission mechanism for geographic information based on panoramic video was designed. Third, a display-analyze-explore multi-level enhanced remote immersive sensing method was proposed for live field scenarios. Fourth, VR panoramic remote immersive sensing equipment and a prototype system were developed. Finally, case experiment analysis is conducted. The results show that the method presented in this paper enables remote users to perceive and analyze on-site geographic information in an immersive manner, thereby realizing multi-level on-site live geographic information services in complex environments, with the delay time of the live broadcast stabilized at approximately 6 seconds. The audio and video are clear and smooth, which has a significant advantage compared to other methods in terms of immersion, real-time capabilities, and geographic specialization. It provides an example reference for UAV VR panorama technology to empower mapping and geographic information services.

Key words: geographic information services, live streaming, remote immersive perception, VR panorama, UAVs

中图分类号:

P208

张锦彬, 朱军, 党沛, 周宇轩, 杨博文. 现场直播式地理信息服务：基于VR全景的现场实况远程临浸感知[J]. 测绘学报, 2025, 54(12): 2276-2286.

Jinbin ZHANG, Jun ZHU, Pei DANG, Yuxuan ZHOU, Bowen YANG. Live-streaming geographic information service: remote immersive perception of on-site conditions based on VR panoramas[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(12): 2276-2286.

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层级Ⅰ	层级Ⅱ	层级Ⅲ	层级Ⅳ
地理过程	时间信息	发生时间、结束时间	具体地理信息
	类别信息	暴雨洪水、溃坝洪水
	数值信息	水深、流速、淹没面积
	因果信息	暴雨、河道堵塞
	空间语义属性	几何形状	长、宽、高
	空间语义属性	坐标位置	（B，L，H）
地理实体	非空间语义属性	名称标识	***桥
		从属类别	中承式自锚悬索桥
		用途描述	铁路公路两用桥梁
		地理过程影响	未被洪水淹没

类别	名称	详细信息
硬件	无人机负载平台	大疆M300 RTK无人机
	全景采集设备	TECHE 360Anywhere四目鱼眼全景相机
	5G模块	华为5G CPE Pro移动路由器、5G SIM卡
	笔记本	拯救者R9000P 2021版
	移动VR眼镜	Oculus Quest 2
	3D打印设备	创维CR5-PRO 3D打印机
软件	视频实时传输平台	TECHE Anywhere Control
	视频处理编辑平台	TECHE Anywhere Stitcher
	云服务器平台	Aliyun ECS
	开发平台	Unity 3D 2021.3.33f1c1
	开发语言	C#、Python 3.10

分析指标	基于视频图像	基于遥感影像	基于虚拟场景	本文方法
现场环境	动态/真实	静态/真实	静态/虚拟	动态/真实
空间信息	无	有	有	有
三维信息	无	无	有	有
语义引导	无	无	有	有
沉浸感知	不支持	不支持	部分支持	支持
远程交互	不支持	不支持	不支持	支持

现场直播式地理信息服务：基于VR全景的现场实况远程临浸感知

Live-streaming geographic information service: remote immersive perception of on-site conditions based on VR panoramas

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