中国近海海表流场SAR高精度反演研究

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2026.20250444

测绘学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (4): 588-603.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2026.20250444

• 海岸带与海洋测绘遥感 • 上一篇

中国近海海表流场SAR高精度反演研究

王红美¹^,²(), 王利花¹^,²^,³(), 谭本华⁴^,⁵, 姜晓轶⁶, 宋丽丽⁶, 孙伟伟¹^,²^,³

^1.宁波大学地理科学与遥感技术学院，浙江　宁波　315211
^2.浙江-德国海岸带生态遥感联合实验室，浙江　宁波　315211
^3.宁波市海岸带遥感与生态安全重点实验室，浙江　宁波　315211
^4.中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室，广东　广州　510301
^5.中国科学院大学，北京　100049
^6.国家海洋信息中心，天津　300171

收稿日期:2025-10-22 修回日期:2026-03-31 发布日期:2026-05-11
通讯作者: 王利花 E-mail:1298140836@qq.com;wanglihua1@nbu.edu.cn
作者简介:王红美（2000—），女，硕士生，研究方向为微波遥感。　E-mail：1298140836@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42176174);宁波市“科创甬江2035”关键技术突破计划(2024Z262);宁波大学高级别科技项目培育(GJPY2025018);中共宁波市委“甬江引才工程”(2021 A-136-G);浙江省重大科技专项(2026LDC01055（GZ）)

SAR high-precision inversion of sea surface current over offshore China

Hongmei WANG¹^,²(), Lihua WANG¹^,²^,³(), Benhua TAN⁴^,⁵, Xiaoyi JIANG⁶, Lili SONG⁶, Weiwei SUN¹^,²^,³

^1.School of Geography and Remote sensing, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
^2.Zhejiang-Germany Joint Laboratory on Remote Sensing of Coastal Ecosystem, Ningbo 315211, China
^3.Ningbo Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Ecological Security of Coastal Zone, Ningbo 315211, China
^4.State Key Laboratory of Tropical Ocean Environmental Dynamics and Island Reef Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
^5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^6.National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin 300171, China

Received:2025-10-22 Revised:2026-03-31 Published:2026-05-11
Contact: Lihua WANG E-mail:1298140836@qq.com;wanglihua1@nbu.edu.cn
About author:WANG Hongmei (2000—), female, postgraduate, majors in microwave remote sensing. E-mail: 1298140836@qq.com
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176174);The Key Technology Breakthrough Plan of Ningbo Science and Technology Innovation 2035(2024Z262);Ningbo University High-Level Scientific Research Project Cultivation(GJPY2025018);Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Introduction Program(2021 A-136-G);The Zhejiang Provincial Major Science and Technology Project(2026LDC01055（GZ）)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Sentinel-1合成孔径雷达（SAR）二级径向流速产品（RVL）显著提升了中尺度及次中尺度海流特征的监测与量化能力，但在中国近海复杂动力系统下，大范围高精度流场SAR制图及多源系统化验证存在明显不足。针对上述问题，首先对2021年覆盖中国近海海域的所有Sentinel-1 RVL数据进行非地球物理项和地球物理项的误差校正，获得了中国近海SAR海表流场月尺度的高精度监测产品。然后，结合观测站海流实测数据、HYCOM海流再分析产品、H-8（Himawari-8）海流反演结果等多源数据，系统评估SAR海流在近海海流监测中的稳定性、适用性及海流结构刻画能力。结果表明，中国近海流速空间异质性显著，表现为南海流速最高、东海次之、渤黄海最低的特征。海流流向受东亚季风主导，冬季流向整体为南/西南向，夏季流向反转为东/东北向，具有典型的季风驱动环流特征。SAR海流与实测数据的平均偏差为0.08 m/s，相关系数为0.58，具有良好的一致性。相较于HYCOM与H-8海流产品，SAR对局地高速流动与小尺度结构更敏感，能够实现复杂流场的精细刻画。本文建立的SAR海流高精度制图与多源验证技术体系，有效提升了中国近海复杂动力环境下的流场监测能力，并为SAR海流的业务化应用提供了科学依据和技术支撑。

关键词: SAR RVL误差校正, 中国近海海流反演, 月尺度海流状况, 多源数据交叉验证

Abstract:

Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) level-2 radial velocity (RVL) products have significantly enhanced the capacity to monitor and quantify mesoscale and sub-mesoscale ocean current features. However, challenges remain in large-scale, high-precision SAR current mapping and systematic multi-source validation within the complex dynamic systems of offshore China. To address these issues, this study performed non-geophysical and geophysical error corrections on all Sentinel-1 RVL data covering offshore China in 2021, generating a high-precision monthly surface current monitoring product. Furthermore, multi-source data, including in-situ station observations, hybrid coordinate ocean model (HYCOM) reanalysis, and Himawari-8(H-8) derived currents, were utilized to systematically evaluate the stability, applicability, and structural characterization capabilities of SAR-derived currents. The results indicate significant spatial heterogeneity in current velocity across offshore China, characterized by the highest velocities in the South China Sea, followed by the East China Sea, and the lowest in the Bohai and Yellow Seas. Current directions are primarily governed by the East Asian monsoon, exhibiting a typical monsoon-driven circulation pattern: overall northward/northeastward in winter and reversing to northward/northeastward in summer. Validation shows that SAR currents achieve good consistency with in-situ data, with a mean bias of 0.08 m/s and a correlation coefficient of 0.58. Compared to HYCOM and H-8 products, SAR is more sensitive to localized high-speed flows and sub-mesoscale structures, enabling a refined depiction of complex flow fields. The high-precision mapping and multi-source validation framework established in this study effectively enhances current monitoring capabilities in complex coastal environments and provides a scientific basis and technical support for the operational application of SAR ocean current products.

Key words: SAR RVL error correction, current retrieval in offshore China, monthly-scale current patterns, multi-source data cross-validation

中图分类号:

P229

王红美, 王利花, 谭本华, 姜晓轶, 宋丽丽, 孙伟伟. 中国近海海表流场SAR高精度反演研究[J]. 测绘学报, 2026, 55(4): 588-603.

Hongmei WANG, Lihua WANG, Benhua TAN, Xiaoyi JIANG, Lili SONG, Weiwei SUN. SAR high-precision inversion of sea surface current over offshore China[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2026, 55(4): 588-603.

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69轨道影像日期	样本点数量	径向流速均值/（m/s）
69轨道影像日期	样本点数量	校正前	校正后
2021-01-06	231 718	－0.62	－0.32
2021-01-18	231 244	－0.65	－0.31
2021-01-30	231 175	－0.50	－0.31
2021-02-11	230 698	－0.19	－0.43
2021-02-23	231 290	－0.98	－0.53
2021-03-07	231 508	－0.39	－0.30
2021-03-19	229 419	0.04	－0.05
2021-03-31	228 082	0.39	0.00
2021-04-12	229 656	0.07	－0.03
2021-04-24	231 331	－0.42	－0.48
2021-05-06	229 204	0.39	－0.18
2021-05-18	226 262	0.68	0.18
2021-05-30	226 097	0.32	0.11
2021-06-11	228 428	0.32	0.01
2021-06-23	226 100	0.12	－0.29
2021-07-05	230 067	0.63	－0.24
2021-07-17	230 637	－0.57	－0.17
2021-07-29	229 606	0.60	0.53
2021-08-10	230 643	0.61	0.47
2021-08-22	228 044	0.40	0.33
2021-09-03	227 244	0.11	0.02
2021-09-27	228 210	－0.29	－0.24
2021-10-09	231 976	－0.61	－0.37
2021-10-21	231 940	－0.40	－0.22
2021-11-02	230 555	－1.27	－0.54
2021-11-14	216 620	－1.30	－0.47
2021-11-26	219 447	－1.34	－0.35
2021-12-08	219 385	－1.23	－0.36
2021-12-20	215 697	－1.01	－0.19

中国近海海表流场SAR高精度反演研究

SAR high-precision inversion of sea surface current over offshore China

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