Correction method for time-varying sound speed errors in underwater geodetic datum positioning

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20240459

Abstract

Abstract:

The spatio-temporal variability of oceanic sound speed is a significant source of error in underwater acoustic navigation and positioning. Addressing the issue that temporal variations in sound speed can severely impact the accuracy of underwater geodetic datum positioning, this paper proposes a method for real-time forecasting of local sound speed fields based on the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) algorithm, and applies it to oceanic geodetic datum positioning. The method first extrapolates the measured sound speed profiles to the depth of the seabed geodetic datum layout; then, using the measured sound speed profile data, it constructs a sound speed forecasting model based on the LSSVM algorithm, and predicts the sound speed profile based on the positioning data of the experimental geodetic datum points, ultimately applying it to the underwater geodetic datum point positioning model for real-time correction of sound speed representative errors. Through validation analysis using the actual measured geodetic datum positioning data from the South China Sea at 3000 m, the results indicate that, taking the positioning results of the ray tracing method as the true value, compared to the weighted average sound speed method of a single sound speed profile, the underwater geodetic datum positioning method proposed in this paper has achieved a significant enhancement in 3D positioning accuracy for both survey stations. Specifically, for marine geodetic datum 1, the positioning accuracy has been improved from 0.839 m to 0.424 m, representing a 49.5% increase. For marine geodetic datum 2, the positioning accuracy has been elevated from 0.928 m to 0.190 m, which corresponds to a substantial improvement of 79.5%. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can effectively correct the impact of sound speed representative errors, thereby enhancing the accuracy of seabed geodetic datum positioning.

Key words: marinegeodetic datum positioning, sound speed error, least squares support vector machine

CLC Number:

P229.2

Yijie ZHAO, Junting WANG, Tianhe XU, Jianxu SHU, Yangfan LIU. Correction method for time-varying sound speed errors in underwater geodetic datum positioning[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(8): 1452-1463.

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声速剖面	测量开始时间	最大深度/m
SSP1	08-30 15:57	2921
SSP2	23:58 09-02	3408
SSP3	09-05 05:04	2983
SSP4	09-06 13:32	2803
SSP5	09-07 06:20	2787
SSP6	09-10 07:58	2615
SSP7	09-11 06:41	2504
SSP8	09-12 01:29	3387
SSP9	09-12 09:28	2978
SSP10	09-14 10:16	2586
SSP11	09-16 06:29	2811
SSP12	09-17 23:59	3107
SSP13	09-18 04:34	3086

声速剖面	EOF-PSSP-ME	EOF
SSP1	0.375 5	0.810 1
SSP3	0.761 6	0.920 8
SSP4	0.583 2	0.562 8
SSP5	0.591 0	0.655 8
SSP6	0.431 8	0.813 1
SSP7	0.390 8	0.962 8
SSP9	0.662 5	1.305 2
SSP10	0.834 1	1.183 7
SSP11	0.483 4	1.360 9
SSP12	0.696 2	1.133 5
SSP13	0.733 7	1.629 3
平均RMS	0.594 6	1.031 7

声速剖面	RMS
SSP1	0.959 8
SSP2	0.551 2
SSP3	0.052 4
SSP4	0.631 5
SSP5	0.775 1
SSP6	0.260 1
SSP7	0.324 7
SSP8	0.745 8
SSP9	0.228 2
SSP10	1.176 9
SSP11	0.482 6
SSP12	0.717 8
SSP13	0.395 1
平均RMS	0.561 6

试验	样本和测量时间
4条样本	SSP13(04:34)、SSP10(10:16)、SSP1(15:57)、SSP12(23:59)
7条样本	SSP8(01:29)、SSP3(05:04)、SSP6(07:58)、SSP10(10:16)、SSP4(13:32)、SSP1(15:57)、SSP2(23:58)

验证样本	RMS
SSP2	0.229 1
SSP3	0.853 9
SSP4	1.031 6
SSP5	0.874 8
SSP6	0.888 4
SSP7	0.882 1
SSP8	0.845 5
SSP9	0.985 0
SSP11	0.877 7
平均RMS	0.829 8