空间格网互操作的研究进展与关键问题

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20250070

测绘学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (10): 1727-1740.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20250070

• 综述 • 下一篇

空间格网互操作的研究进展与关键问题

赵学胜(), 谢文澜(), 孙文彬

中国矿业大学（北京）地球科学与测绘工程学院，北京　100083

收稿日期:2025-02-21 修回日期:2025-09-15 出版日期:2025-11-14 发布日期:2025-11-14
通讯作者: 谢文澜 E-mail:zxs@cumtb.edu.cn;wenlanxxx@163.com
作者简介:赵学胜（1967—），男，博士，教授，研究方向为全球离散格网建模与计算、三维GIS理论与方法。E-mail：zxs@cumtb.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42371412)

Research progress and key issues in spatial grid interoperability

Xuesheng ZHAO(), Wenlan XIE(), Wenbin SUN

College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

Received:2025-02-21 Revised:2025-09-15 Online:2025-11-14 Published:2025-11-14
Contact: Wenlan XIE E-mail:zxs@cumtb.edu.cn;wenlanxxx@163.com
About author:ZHAO Xuesheng (1967—), male, PhD, professor, majors in modeling and computing of the global spatial discrete grids as well as theories and methods of 3D GIS. E-mail: zxs@cumtb.edu.cn
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42371412)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

空间格网具有离散性、层次性和规则性等优良特征，可作为构建实景三维的基础框架，而不同类型格网的高效互操作，则是实现多源异构数据融合与分析的关键问题之一。本文首先梳理了当前格网互操作的国内外研究进展，包括通用的经纬度中间件和“同构”“异构”格网编码映射转换等；然后，深入分析了目前互操作过程中存在的核心问题，即“异构”格网难以克服“异面”难题、立体及时空格网缺少互操作方法，以及互操作缺乏完备的可靠性评估及控制方法；最后，对未来研究方向进行讨论。本文提出：①聚焦“格点”探索格网底层统一描述以构建互操作基础模型；②开发“异构”格网编码高效映射算法以解决效率瓶颈问题；③扩展格网互操作维度以适应实景三维中国建设需要；④构建格网互操作“不确定性”评价体系以保障互操作的质量和可靠性。

关键词: 空间离散格网, 互操作, 编码映射, 实景三维

Abstract:

Spatial grids have excellent features such as discreteness, hierarchy, and regularity, making it an ideal framework for constructing realistic 3D scenes. Efficient interoperability among different types of grids is one of the key issues for achieving multi-source heterogeneous data fusion and analysis. This paper first reviews the current research progress in grid interoperability, including the general latitude and longitude middleware method and the “isomorphic” and “heterogeneous” grid encoding mapping conversion methods. It then analyzes the key issues in the interoperability process, pointing out the inherent difficulty of heterogeneous grids in overcoming the challenge of non-coplanarity, the lack of interoperability methods for both 3D grids and spatiotemporal grids, and the lack of a comprehensive reliability evaluation system and control methods for interoperability. Finally, the paper discusses future research directions, suggesting a focus on “grid points”, exploring unified underlying descriptions of grids to build a foundation model for interoperability, developing efficient mapping algorithms for “heterogeneous” grid encoding to address efficiency bottlenecks, expanding grid interoperability dimensions to support the construction of 3D reality China and establishing an “uncertainty” evaluation system for grid interoperability to ensure the quality and reliability of interoperability.

Key words: spatial discrete grids, interoperability, code mapping, 3D reality

中图分类号:

P208

赵学胜, 谢文澜, 孙文彬. 空间格网互操作的研究进展与关键问题[J]. 测绘学报, 2025, 54(10): 1727-1740.

Xuesheng ZHAO, Wenlan XIE, Wenbin SUN. Research progress and key issues in spatial grid interoperability[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(10): 1727-1740.

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	TONG Xiaochong, WANG Rong, WANG Lin, et al. An efficient integer coding and computing method for multiscale time segment[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2016, 45(): 66-76. DOI: . doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.F008

（孔径）形状	编码方式	所属类别	提出时间
四孔六边形	改进的GBT^[22]	层次编码	2007
	HQBS（六边形四元平衡结构）^[23]	层次编码	2010
	一维线性地址码^[24]	坐标编码	2011
	菱形块四叉树^[25]	填充曲线编码	2017
	HLST（六边形格点对称树）^[26]	层次编码	2019
	HLQT（六边形格点四叉树）^[27]	层次编码	2020
	HHUT（一致瓦片六边形层次结构）^[28]	层次编码	2023
三孔六边形	A3坐标^[29]	坐标编码	2006
	A3HT（三孔六边形树状结构）^[30]	层次编码	2008
	复进制数编码^[31]	层次编码	2018
	自适应经纬编码^[32]	其他	2019
七孔六边形	H3层次编码^[33]	层次编码	2015
四边形	DQG编码^[34]	填充曲线编码	2007
	GeoSOT编码^[35]	填充曲线编码	2012
	rHealPIX编码^[36]	填充曲线编码	2016
	S2编码^[37]	填充曲线编码	2017
三角形	Dutton编码^[38]	层次编码	1989
	Goodchild编码^[39]	层次编码	1992
	SQC（semi-quad codes）编码^[40]	层次编码	1993
	Lee编码^[41]	层次编码	2000
	线性连续编码^[42]	层次编码	2001

正多面体	剖分孔径	单元形状	系统名称	研发机构/商业公司
正二十面体	4	六边形	ISEA4H^[53]	欧空局
正二十面体	3	六边形	The PYXIS Earth^[54] Digital	PYXIS
正二十面体	7	六边形	H3^[33]	Uber
正二十面体	3、4	六边形、三角形	OpenEAGGR^[55]	Riskaware
正二十面体	3	六边形	Geogrid^[32]	Paris Lodron University of Salzburg
正二十面体	3、4、7	六边形、四边形、三角形	DGGRID8.1b^[56]	Southern Terra Cognita Laboratory
正八面体	4	四边形	DQG^[34]	中国矿业大学（北京）
无	4	四边形	GeoSOT^[35]	北京大学
正六面体	9	四边形	rHealPIX^[57]	澳大利亚国立大学
无	20	四边形	Open Location Code^[58]	Google
正六面体	4	四边形	S2 Geometry^[37]	Google
正六面体	9	四边形	SCENZ-Grid^[59]	Landcare Research
正八面体	4	三角形	QTM^[38]	University of Zürich

空间格网互操作的研究进展与关键问题

Research progress and key issues in spatial grid interoperability

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