极坐标数字摄影测量理论与空间信息坐标体系初探

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170636

测绘学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 705-721.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2018.20170636

• 基于机器视觉的数字摄影测量的新理论新方法 • 上一篇下一篇

极坐标数字摄影测量理论与空间信息坐标体系初探

晏磊¹, 陈瑞¹, 孙岩标²

1. 北京大学空间信息集成与3S工程应用北京市重点实验室, 北京 100871;
2. 伦敦大学学院土木、环境与地理工程学院, 伦敦 WCIE 6BT, 英国

收稿日期:2018-02-01 修回日期:2018-04-12 出版日期:2018-06-20 发布日期:2018-06-21
作者简介:晏磊(1956-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为高分辨率成像与遥感定标;偏振与无人机仿生遥感;时空信息控制与仿生智能摄影测量。E-mail:lyan@pku.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重大计划研发项目（2017YFB0503004）；国家自然科学基金（41571432；61101157；41050110441）；国家863计划（2007AA09Z201）；国家支撑计划项目课题（2011BAH12B06）

A Preliminary Study on the Theory of Polar Coordinates Digital Photogrammetry and the Coordinate System of Spatial Information

YAN Lei¹, CHEN Rui¹, SUN Yanbiao²

1. Beijing Key Lab of Spatial Information Integration and Its Applications, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
2. Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London(UCL), London, WCIE 6BT, UK

Received:2018-02-01 Revised:2018-04-12 Online:2018-06-20 Published:2018-06-21
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development of China (No.2017YFB0503004);The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.41571432;61101157;41050110441);Chinese National Programs for High Technology Research and Development (No.2007AA09Z201);The National Key Technology Research and Development Program of The Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No.2011BAH12B06)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 空间信息获取手段的多样性与数据处理的严密数学法则约束不变性，是航空航天新技术发展伴生的新矛盾。例如推扫式、变角摆头凝视、变焦距成像，航空平台动姿态、大角度飞行，高重叠、短基线效应，给处理收敛性、效率、精度、抗干扰性等带来挑战。为此基于仿生机器视差角原理和航空航天平台到地面成像的锥体投影本质，引入极坐标数学表达。文章探求了高分辨率影像稀疏性特征及病态奇异性和非收敛性破解方法，建立了一套视差角矢量极坐标处理数学模型，初步形成了极坐标理论；该方法在近景摄影测量与自由网光束法平差模型中，精度、效率、抗干扰性均有数量级提高，并在国际公开源代码3年以上，应用良好；在航空摄影测量及绝对网平差模型试验中进行了有效性验证，初步证明性能优于直角坐标处理方法；最后，给出多种应用、航天平台动姿态高阶解算特征，可望为航空航天多尺度全姿态空间信息（获取-组织-管理-存储-处理-应用）极坐标新体系构建奠定基础。

关键词: 仿生机器视觉, 智能摄影测量, 极坐标矢量, 空间信息, 病态奇异, 收敛精度

Abstract: The diversity of means of obtaining space information and the tight constraints of the strict mathematical rules of data processing are the new contradictions associated with the development of the new aeronautics and astronautics technology.For example,push broom,variable angle swing staring,zoom imaging,aerial platform attitude,large angle flight,high overlap and short baseline effect,which bring severe challenges to convergence,efficiency,accuracy and anti-interference.Based on the principle of the bionic machine parallax angle and the essence of pyramidal projection of the aerial space platform to the surface,the mathematical expression of polar coordinates is introduced.This paper has explored the solution to the causes of the high resolution image sparsity ill conditioned singularity and nonconvergence,built a set of mathematical models for the polar coordinates processing of the parallax angular vector,and formed the polar information theory of spatial information initially.This method has been improved in the range of accuracy,efficiency and anti-interference order of magnitude in close-range photogrammetry and the free net bundle adjustment model,and publish open source code in the world more than three years,which has a good reaction.The effectiveness is verified in the aero photogrammetry and absolute network adjustment model experiment,and the performance is better than the Descartes coordinate processing method.Finally,the high-order solution characteristics of various applications and spaceflight platforms are given,which is expected to lay the foundation for the construction of the new polar coordinates system for aerospace multi-scale all attitude spatial information (acquisition organization management storage processing application).

Key words: bionic machine vision, intelligent photogrammetry, polar coordinates vector, spatial information, astringency, convergence precision

中图分类号:

P208

晏磊, 陈瑞, 孙岩标. 极坐标数字摄影测量理论与空间信息坐标体系初探[J]. 测绘学报, 2018, 47(6): 705-721.

YAN Lei, CHEN Rui, SUN Yanbiao. A Preliminary Study on the Theory of Polar Coordinates Digital Photogrammetry and the Coordinate System of Spatial Information[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2018, 47(6): 705-721.

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极坐标数字摄影测量理论与空间信息坐标体系初探

A Preliminary Study on the Theory of Polar Coordinates Digital Photogrammetry and the Coordinate System of Spatial Information

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