利用多模多频GNSS-IR信号反演沿海台风风暴潮

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2020.20200228

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 台风风暴潮每年给沿海城市造成了极大的损失，近年来利用GNSS反射信号的地基遥感方法可以用于潮位监测，称为GNSS-IR（global navigation satellite system-interferometric reflectometry），对风暴潮期间验潮站资料进行补充。由于风暴潮发生时间短且破坏性强，单系统GPS的时间分辨率难以满足海洋灾害的监测需求。本文基于中国香港站（HKQT）和巴哈马群岛站（BHMA）的多模多频GNSS卫星观测数据反演了3次沿海风暴潮事件。先对多模多频数据的质量进行分析，随后分别对2019年飓风“多里安”、2018年台风“山竹”和2017年台风“天鸽”引起的3次风暴潮，利用基于滑动窗口的最小二乘法对多模多频GNSS-IR反演结果进行改正并与验潮站实测值对比分析。试验结果表明，利用多模多频GNSS-IR反演“多里安”风暴潮的精度优于14 cm，反演“天鸽”和“山竹”风暴潮的精度优于9 cm。相比GPS单系统，多模多频GNSS-IR能够提高监测的精度和时间分辨率，有效提取风暴潮中异常潮位的涨潮、峰值和落潮的全过程，对海洋灾害的研究监测发挥重要作用。

关键词: GNSS-IR, 风暴潮, 反演, 多模多频, 海平面

Abstract: Typhoon storm surges cause great losses to coastal cities every year. In recent years, a ground-based remote sensing technology using GNSS reflected signal has been proved to be able to monitor tidal level, called global navigation satellite system interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR), which can supplement the data of tide gauge. However, storm surges have strong destructiveness and occur quickly, the time resolution of GPS cannot meet the requirement to monitor this marine disaster. In this paper, three coastal storm surge events were monitored using the multi-mode and multi-frequency GNSS data of HKQT site in Hong Kong, China and BHMA site in Bahamas Islands. Firstly, we analyzed the quality of multiple system data. Then, multi-mode and multi-frequency GNSS-IR was used for monitoring three storm surges caused by hurricane "Dorian" in 2019, typhoon "Mangkhut" in 2018 and typhoon "Hato" in 2017.The sliding window least squares method was used to correct the results and compared with tide gauge observations. The experimental results showed that the accuracy of "Dorian" is better than 14 cm, and the accuracy of "Hato" and "Mangkhut" are both better than 9 cm. Compared with GPS, it could improve the accuracy and the time resolution of the results, which is helpful to record the whole process of tide rising, peak and falling in storm surge. And it can play an important role in the study of marine disasters.

Key words: GNSS-IR, storm surge, retrieval, multiple system, sea surface

中图分类号:

P228.4

何秀凤, 王杰, 王笑蕾, 宋敏峰. 利用多模多频GNSS-IR信号反演沿海台风风暴潮[J]. 测绘学报, 2020, 49(9): 1168-1178.

HE Xiufeng, WANG Jie, Wang Xiaolei, SONG Minfeng. Retrieval of coastal typhoon storm surge using multi-GNSS-IR[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2020, 49(9): 1168-1178.

参考文献

[1] FANG Jiayi, LIU Wei, YANG Saini, et al. Spatial-temporal changes of coastal and marine disasters risks and impacts in Mainland China[J]. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2017, 139:125-140. DOI:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2017.02.003.
[2] SHI Xianwu, HAN Ziqiang, FANG Jiayi, et al. Assessment and zonation of storm surge hazards in the coastal areas of China[J]. Natural Hazards, 2020, 100:39-48. DOI:10.1007/s11069-019-03793-z.
[3] LÖFGREN J S, HAAS R, SCHERNECK H G. Sea level time series and ocean tide analysis from multipath signals at five GPS sites in different parts of the world[J]. Journal of Geodynamics, 2014, 80:66-80. DOI:10.1016/j.jog.2014.02.012.
[4] FRITZ H M, BLOUNT C, SOKOLOSKI R, et al. Hurricane Katrina storm surge reconnaissance[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2008, 134(5):644-656. DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:5(644).
[5] LI Linlin, YANG Jie, LIN Chuanyao, et al. Field survey of typhoon Hato (2017) and a comparison with storm surge modeling in Macau[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2018, 18(12):3167-3178. DOI:10.5194/nhess-18-3167-2018.
[6] PENG Dongju, HILL E M, LI Linlin, et al. Application of GNSS interferometric reflectometry for detecting storm surges[J]. GPS Solutions, 2019, 23(2):47. DOI:10.1007/s10291-019-0838-y.
[7] MARTIN-NEIRA M. A passive reflectometry and interferometry system (PARIS) application to ocean altimetry[J]. ESA Journal, 1993, 17(4):331-355.
[8] ANDERSON K D. Determination of water level and tides using interferometric observations of GPS signals[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2000, 17(8):1118-1127. DOI:10.1175/1520-0426(2000)017<1118:DOWLAT>2.0.CO;2.
[9] MARTIN-NEIRA M, CAPARRINI M, FONT-ROSSELLO J, et al. The PARIS concept:an experimental demonstration of sea surface altimetry using GPS reflected signals[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2001, 39(1):142-150. DOI:10.1109/36.898676.
[10] LÖFGREN J S, HAAS R. Sea level measurements using multi-frequency GPS and GLONASS observations[J]. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, 2014, 2014(1):50. DOI:10.1186/1687-6180-2014-50.
[11] LARSON K M, RAY R D, NIEVINSKI F G, et al. The accidental tide gauge:a GPS reflection case study from Kachemak Bay, Alaska[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2013, 10(5):1200-1204. DOI:10.1109/LGRS.2012.2236075.
[12] 蒋兴伟, 林明森, 张有广. 中国海洋卫星及应用进展[J]. 遥感学报, 2016, 20(5):1185-1198. DOI:10.11834/jrs.20166153. JIANG Xingwei, LIN Mingsen, ZHANG Youguang. Progress and prospect of Chinese ocean satellites[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2016, 20(5):1185-1198. DOI:10.11834/jrs.20166153.
[13] LARSON K M, RAY R D, WILLIAMS S D P. A 10-year comparison of water levels measured with a geodetic GPS receiver versus a conventional tide gauge[J]. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 2017, 34(2):292-307. DOI:10.1175/JTECH-D-16-0101.1.
[14] ROUSSEL N, RAMILLIEN G, FRAPPART F, et al. Sea level monitoring and sea state estimate using a single geodetic receiver[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2015, 171:261-277. DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2015.10.011.
[15] WANG Xiaolei, ZHANG Qin, ZHANG Shuangcheng. Sea level estimation from SNR data of geodetic receivers using wavelet analysis[J]. GPS Solutions, 2019, 23(1):6. DOI:10.1007/s10291-018-0798-7.
[16] WANG Xiaolei, HE Xiufeng, ZHANG Qin. Coherent superposition of multi-GNSS wavelet analysis periodogram for sea-level retrieval in GNSS multipath reflectometry[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2020, 65(7):1781-1788. DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2019.12.023.
[17] SONG Minfeng, HE Xiufeng, WANG Xiaolei, et al. Study on the quality control for periodogram in the determination of water level using the GNSS-IR technique[J]. Sensors, 2019, 19(20):4524. DOI:10.3390/s19204524.
[18] JIN Shuanggen, QIAN Xiaodong, WU X. Sea level change from BeiDou navigation satellite system-reflectometry (BDS-R):first results and evaluation[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2017, 149:20-25. DOI:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.12.010.
[19] WANG Xiaolei, HE Xiufeng, ZHANG Qin. Evaluation and combination of quad-constellation multi-GNSS multipath reflectometry applied to sea level retrieval[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2019, 231:111229. DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111229.
[20] 金双根, 张勤耘, 钱晓东. 全球导航卫星系统反射测量(GNSS+R)最新进展与应用前景[J]. 测绘学报, 2017, 46(10):1389-1398. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2017.20170282. Jin Shuanggen, ZHANG Qinyun, QIAN Xiaodong. New progress and application prospects of global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS+R)[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2017, 46(10):1389-1398. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2017.20170282.
[21] BILICH A, LARSON K M. Mapping the GPS multipath environment using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)[J]. Radio Science, 2007, 42(6):RS6003. DOI:10.1029/2007rs003652.
[22] LARSON K M, LÖFGREN J S, HAAS R, et al. Coastal sea level measurements using a single geodetic GPS receiver[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2013, 51(8):1301-1310. DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2012.04.017.
[23] TABIBI S, GEREMIA-NIEVINSKI F, VAN DAM T. Statistical comparison and combination of GPS, GLONASS, and multi-GNSS multipath reflectometry applied to snow depth retrieval[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2017, 55(7):3773-3785. DOI:10.1109/TGRS.2017.2679899.
[24] 姚宜斌, 张豹, 严凤, 等. 两种精化的对流层延迟改正模型[J]. 地球物理学报, 2015, 58(5):1492-1501. DOI:10.6038/cjg20150503. YAO Yibin, ZHANG Bao, YAN Feng, et al. Two new sophisticated models for tropospheric delay corrections[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2015, 58(5):1492-1501. DOI:10.6038/cjg20150503.
[25] WILLIAMS S D P, NIEVINSKI F G. Tropospheric delays in ground-based GNSS multipath reflectometry:experimental evidence from coastal sites[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 2017, 122(3):2310-2327. DOI:10.1002/2016JB013612.
[26] ROESLER C, LARSON K M. Software tools for GNSS interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR)[J]. GPS Solutions, 2018, 22(3):80. DOI:10.1007/s10291-018-0744-8.
[27] NIEVINSKI F G, LARSON K M. Forward modeling of GPS multipath for near-surface reflectometry and positioning applications[J]. GPS Solutions, 2014, 18(2):309-322. DOI:10.1007/s10291-013-0331-y.