Advances and applications of lunar photogrammetric mapping using orbital images

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190462

Abstract

Abstract: This paper presents a review of the advances, products and applications of lunar photogram-metric mapping using orbital images. It mainly introduces the key techniques such as construction and refinement of geometric models of lunar orbital images, co-registration of lunar orbital image and digital elevation model, optimal selection of multiple images, and large area mapping. Engineering and science applications of lunar photogrammetric mapping products are described, with more emphases on the Chang'E lunar exploration missions. Finally, the future research directions are discussed.

Key words: lunar exploration, lunar mapping, photogrammetry, orbital imagery

CLC Number:

P223

DI Kaichang, LIU Bin, XIN Xin, YUE Zongyu, YE Lejia. Advances and applications of lunar photogrammetric mapping using orbital images[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2019, 48(12): 1562-1574.

References

[1] GREELEY R, BATSON R M. Planetary mapping[M]. New York:Cambridge University Press, 1990.
[2] KIRK R L, ARCHINAL B A, GADDIS L R, et al. Lunar cartography:progress in the 2000s and prospects for the 2010s[C]//Proceedings of International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Melbourne. Australia:[s.n.], 2012:489-494.
[3] 邸凯昌, 刘召芹, 万文辉, 等. 月球和火星遥感制图与探测车导航定位[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2015. DI Kaichang, LIU Zhaoqin, WAN Wenhui, et al. Lunar and Mars remote sensing mapping and rover localization[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2015.
[4] DI Kaichang, LIU Yiliang, LIU Bin, et al. A self-calibration bundle adjustment method for photogrammetric processing of Chang'E-2 stereo lunar imagery[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2014, 52(9):5432-5442.
[5] NAIF. Lunar reconnaissance orbiter camera (LROC) instrument kernel[J]. Space Science Review, 2010, 150(1):81-124.
[6] LIU Yiliang, DI Kaichang. Evaluation of rational function model for geometric modeling of Chang'E-1 CCD images[C]//Proceedings of International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Guilin:[s.n.], 2011.
[7] LIU Bin, LIU Yiliang, DI Kaichang, et al. Block adjustment of Chang'E-1 images based on rational function model[C]//Proceedings of Remote Sensing of the Environment:18th National Symposium on Remote Sensing of China. Wuhan:SPIE, 2014:91580G.
[8] LIU B, XU B, DI K, et al. A solution to low RFM fitting precision of planetary orbiter images caused by exposure time changing[C]//Proceedings of the International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Prague, Czech Republic:[s.n.], 2016:441-448.
[9] HU Han, WU Bo. Block adjustment and coupled epipolar rectification of LROC NAC images for precision lunar topographic mapping[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2018, 160:26-38. DOI:10.1016/j.pss.2018.03.002.
[10] HU Han, WU Bo. Planetary3D:a photogrammetric tool for 3D topographic mapping of planetary bodies[C]//Proceedings of ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Enschede, The Netherlands:ISPRS, 2019:519-526. DOI:10.5194/isprs-annals-IV-2-W5-519-2019.
[11] HARUYAMA J, OHTAKE M, MATSUNAGA T, et al. Selene (Kaguya) terrain camera observation results of nominal mission period[C]//Proceedings of the 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Woodlands:NASA, 2009:128-139.
[12] HARUYAMA J, HARA S, HIOKI K, et al. Lunar global digital terrain model dataset produced from SELENE (Kaguya) terrain camera stereo observations[C]//Proceedings of the 43rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Houston, TX:[s.n.], 2012:1200.
[13] RADHADEVI P V, SOLANKI S S, NAGASUBRAMANIAN V, et al. An algorithm for geometric correction of full pass TMC imagery of Chandrayaan-1[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2013, 79-80(1):45-51.
[14] ROBINSON M S, BRYLOW S M, TSCHIMMEL M, et al. Lunar reconnaissance orbiter camera (LROC) instrument overview[J]. Space Science Reviews, 2010, 150(1-4):81-124.
[15] LI R, WANG W, HE S, et al. Precision photogrammetric modeling of LROC NAC cameras and topographic products[C]//Proceedings of Annual Meeting of the Lunar Exploration Analysis Group. Washington, DC:[s.n.], 2010:36.
[16] TRAN T, ROSIEK M R, BEYER R A, et al. Generating digital terrain models using LROC NAC images[C]//Proceedings of a special joint symposium of ISPRS Technical Commission IV & AutoCarto in conjunction with ASPRS/CaGIS 2010 Fall Specialty Conference. Orlando, Florida:[s.n.], 2010.
[17] 王任享. 月球卫星三线阵CCD影像EFP光束法空中三角测量[J]. 测绘科学, 2018, 33(4):5-7. WANG Renxiang. EFP bundle triangulation using lunar imagery obtained from satellite three-line-array camera[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2018, 33(4):5-7.
[18] 王建荣, 王新义, 李晶等. 三线阵CCD摄影测量理论在月球探测中的应用[J]. 测绘科学, 2018, 33(6):19-20. WANG Jianrong, WANG Xinyi, LI Jing, et al. The application of three-line array CCD photogrammetry theory on the lunar exploration[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2018, 33(6):19-20.
[19] DI Kaichang, HU Wenmin, LIU Yiliang, et al. Co-registration of Chang'E-1 stereo images and laser altimeter data with crossover adjustment and image sensor model refinement[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2012, 50(12):1615-1628.
[20] WU Bo, GUO Jian, ZHANG Yunsheng, et al. Integration of Chang'E-1 imagery and laser altimeter data for precision lunar topographic modeling[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2011, 49(12):4889-4903.
[21] WU Bo, HU Han, GUO Jian. Integration of Chang'E-2 imagery and LRO laser altimeter data with a combined block adjustment for precision lunar topographic modeling[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014, 391(1):1-15.
[22] SIVAKUMAR V, KUMAR B, SRIVASTAVA S K, et al. DEM generation for lunar surface using chandrayaan-1 TMC triplet data[J]. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2012, 40(4):551-564.
[23] LIU Bin, JIA Mengna, DI Kaichang, et al. Geopositioning precision analysis of multiple image triangulation using LROC NAC lunar images[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2018, 162(1):20-30.
[24] COLTIN B, NEFIAN A. LiDAR to image coregistration on orbital data[C]//Proceedings of 2013 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing. Melbourne, VIC, Australia:IEEE, 2013:775-779.
[25] XIN Xin, LIU Bin, DI Kaichang, et al. High-precision co-registration of orbiter imagery and digital elevation model constrained by both geometric and photometric information[J]. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2018, 144(1):28-37.
[26] BESL P J, MCKAY N D. A method for registration of 3D shapes[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1992, 14(2):239-256.
[27] ROSENHOLM D, TORLEGÅRD K. Three-dimensional absolute orientation of stereo models using digital elevation models[J]. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 1988, 54(10):1385-1389.
[28] GUO J, WU B. Comparison of lunar topographic models derived from multiple sources based on least squares matching[C]//Proceedings of International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Melbourne, Australia:[s.n.], 2012:313-319.
[29] WU Bo, GUO Jian, HU Han, et al. Co-registration of lunar topographic models derived from Chang'E-1, SELENE, and LRO laser altimeter data based on a novel surface matching method[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2013, 364(1):68-84.
[30] BECKER K J, ARCHINAL B A, HARE T H, et al. Criteria for automated identification of stereo image pairs[C]//Proceedings of the 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. The Woodlands, Texas:[s.n.], 2015:2703.
[31] HENRIKSEN M R, MANHEIM M R, SPEYERER E J, et al. Extracting accurate and precise topography from LROC narrow angle camera stereo observations[C]//Proceedings of the International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Prague, Czech Republic:[s.n.], 2016:397-403.
[32] HENRIKSEN M R, MANHEIM M R, BURNS K N, et al. Extracting accurate and precise topography from LROC narrow angle camera stereo observations[J]. Icarus, 2017, 283(5):122-137.
[33] BEYER R A, ALEXANDROV O, MCMICHAEL S. The Ames Stereo Pipeline:NASA's open source software for deriving and processing terrain data[J]. Earth and Space Science, 2018, 5(9):537-548.
[34] RE C, CREMONESE G, DALL'ASTA E, et al. Performance evaluation of DTM area-based matching reconstruction of Moon and Mars[C]//Proceedings of Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XVIII. Edinburgh, United Kingdom:SPIE, 2012:85370V.
[35] HIRSCHMULLER H. Stereo processing by semiglobal matching and mutual information[J]. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2008, 30(2):328-341.
[36] 李春来, 刘建军, 任鑫, 等. 基于嫦娥二号立体影像的全月高精度地形重建[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2018, 43(4):485-495. LI Chunlai, LIU Jianjun, REN Xin, et al. Lunar global high-precision terrain reconstruction based on Chang'e-2 stereo images[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2018, 43(4):485-495.
[37] BARKER M K, MAZARICO E, NEUMANN G A, et al. A new lunar digital elevation model from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter and SELENE Terrain Camera[J]. Icarus, 2016, 273(7):346-355.
[38] DI Kaichang, JIA Mengna, XIN Xin, et al. High-resolution large-area digital orthophoto map generation using LROC NAC images[J]. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 2019, 85(7):481-491.
[39] SMITH D E, ZUBER M T, NEUMANN G A, et al. Results from the lunar orbiter laser altimeter (LOLA):global, high-resolution topographic mapping of the moon[C]//Proceedings of the 42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. The Woodlands, Texas:[s.n.], 2011:2350.
[40] SCHOLTEN F, OBERST J, MATZ K D, et al. GLD100:the near-global lunar 100 m raster DTM from LROC WAC stereo image data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Planets, 2012, 117(E12):E00H17.
[41] ARAKI H, TAZAWA S, NODA H, et al. Lunar global shape and polar topography derived from Kaguya-LALT laser altimetry[J]. Science, 2009, 323(5916):897-900.
[42] 李春来, 任鑫, 刘建军, 等. 嫦娥一号激光测距数据及全月球DEM模型[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2010, 40(3):281-293. LI Chunlai, REN Xin, LIU Jianjun, et al. Laser altimetry data of Chang'E-1 and the global lunar DEM model[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2010, 40(3):281-293.
[43] 胡文敏,邸凯昌,岳宗玉,等.嫦娥一号激光高度计数据交叉点分析与平差处理[J]. 测绘学报,2013,42(2):218-224. HU Wenmin, DI Kaichang, YUE Zongyu, et al. Crossover anlysis and adjustment for Chang'E-1 laser altimeter data[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2013, 42(2):218-224.
[44] 李春来.嫦娥一号三线阵CCD数据摄影测量处理及全月球数字地形图[J]. 测绘学报,2013,42(6):853-860. LI Chunlai. Photogrammetric processing and lunar global topographic map from the Chang'E-13 line-array CCD data[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2013,42(6):853-860.
[45] LEE E M, WELLER L A, RICHIE J O, et al. Controlled polar mosaics of the moon for LMMP by USGS[C]//Proceedings of the 43rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. The Woodlands, Texas:[s.n.], 2012:2507.
[46] WALLER D A, BOYD A K, SPEYERER E J, et al. Constructing NAC polar maps that optimize lunar surface illumination[C]//Proceedings of the 43rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. The Woodlands, Texas:[s.n.], 2012:2531.
[47] ARCHINAL B A, LEE E, WELLER L, et al. Status of geodetically controlled high-resolution LROC polar mosaics[C]//Proceedings of the 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. The Woodlands, Texas:[s.n.], 2015:1571.
[48] NASA, GSFC, ASU. http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/images/gigapan/[EB/OL]. 2014.
[49] LIU B, NIU S, XIN X, et al. High precision DTM and DOM generating using multi-source orbital data on Chang'e-4 landing site[C]//Proceedings of the International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Enschede, The Netherlands:[s.n.], 2019:1413-1417.
[50] DI K, LIU Z, LIU B, et al. Topographic analysis of Chang'e-4 landing site using orbital, descent and ground data[C]//Proceedings of the International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Enschede, The Netherlands:[s.n.], 2019:1383-1387.
[51] 邸凯昌, 刘召芹, 刘斌, 等. 多源数据的嫦娥四号着陆点定位[J]. 遥感学报, 2019, 23(1):177-184. DOI:10.11834/jrs.20199015. DI Kaichang, LIU Zhaoqin, LIU Bin, et al. Chang'e-4 lander localization based on multi-source data[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2019, 23(1):177-184. DOI:10.11834/jrs.20199015.
[52] FLAHAUT J, BLANCHETTE-GUERTIN J F, JILLY C, et al. Identification and characterization of science-rich landing sites for lunar lander missions using integrated remote sensing observations[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2012, 50(12):1647-1665.
[53] National Research Council. The scientific context for exploration of the moon[M]. Washington, DC:National Academies Press, 2007.
[54] 赵洋, 李飞, 吴波, 等. 嫦娥四号探测器着陆区精确选择与评价系统设计[J]. 航天器工程, 2019, 28(4):22-30. ZHAO Yang, LI Fei, WU Bo, et al. Precise landing site selection and evaluation system design for Chang'e-4 probe[J]. Spacecraft Engineering, 2019, 28(4):22-30.
[55] 李飞, 张熇, 吴学英, 等. 月球背面地形对软着陆探测的影响分析[J]. 深空探测学报, 2017, 4(2):143-149. LI Fei, ZHANG He, WU Xueying, et al. Influence analysis of terrain of the farside of the moon on soft-landing[J]. Journal of Deep Space Exploration, 2017, 4(2):143-149.
[56] WAGNER R V, NELSON D M, PLESCIA J B, et al. Coordinates of anthropogenic features on the moon[J]. Icarus, 2017, 283:92-103.
[57] 刘召芹, 万文辉, 彭嫚, 等. 遥感制图与导航定位技术在嫦娥三号遥操作中的应用[J]. 遥感学报, 2014, 18(5):971-980. DOI:10.11834/jrs.20144072. LIU Zhaoqin, WAN Wenhui, PENG Man, et al. Remote sensing mapping and localization techniques for teleoperation of Chang'e-3 rover[J]. Journal of Remote Sensing, 2014, 18(5):971-980. DOI:10.11834/jrs.20144072.
[58] NEUKUM G, KÖNIG B, ARKANI-HAMED J. A study of lunar impact crater size-distributions[J]. The Moon, 1975, 12(2):201-229.
[59] NEUKUM G. Meteorite bombardment and dating of planetary surfaces[D]. Washington, DC:NASA, 1984.
[60] HARTMANN W K, STROM R G, GRIEVE R A F, et al. Chronology of planetary volcanism by comparative studies of planetary craters[M]//KAULA W M, MERRILL R B, RIDINGS R. Basaltic Volcanism on the Terrestrial Planets. Elmsford, NY:Pergamon Press, 1981:1050-1127.
[61] HIESINGER H, HEAD III J W, WOLF U, et al. Ages and stratigraphy of lunar mare basalts in Mare Frigoris and other nearside Maria based on crater size-frequency distribution measurements[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Planets, 2010:115(E3):E03003.
[62] YUE Z, MICHAEL G G, DI K, et al. Global survey of lunar wrinkle ridge formation times[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2017, 447(11):14-20.
[63] WHITTEN J, HEAD J W, STAID M, et al. Lunar mare deposits associated with the Orientale impact basin:new insights into mineralogy, history, mode of emplacement, and relation to Orientale Basin evolution from Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data from Chandrayaan-1[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Planets, 2011, 116(E6):E00G09.
[64] HIESINGER H, VAN DER BOGERT C H, PASCKERT J H, et al. How old are young lunar craters?[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Planets, 2012, 117(E12):E00H10.
[65] ROBBINS S J. New crater calibrations for the lunar crater-age chronology[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014, 403(10):188-198.
[66] DI Kaichang, SUN Shujuan, YUE Zongyu, et al. Lunar regolith thickness determination from 3D morphology of small fresh craters[J]. Icarus, 2016, 267(3):12-23.
[67] YUE Z, DI K, LIU Z, et al. Lunar regolith thickness deduced from concentric craters in the CE-5 landing area[J]. Icarus, 2019, 329(3):46-54.
[68] DI Kaichang, XU Bin, PENG Man, et al. Rock size-frequency distribution analysis at the Chang'E-3 landing site[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2016, 120(1):103-112.
[69] LI Yuan, BASILEVSKY A T, XIE Minggang, et al. Correlations between ejecta boulder spatial density of small lunar craters and the crater age[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2018, 162:52-61.
[70] WU Bo, HUANG Jun, LI Yuan, et al. Rock abundance and crater density in the candidate Chang'E-5 landing region on the moon[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Planets, 2018, 123(12):3256-3272.
[71] 罗中飞,康志忠,刘心怡.融合嫦娥一号CCD影像与DEM数据的月球撞击坑自动提取和识别[J]. 测绘学报, 2014,43(9):924-930. LUO Zhongfei, KANG Zhizhong, LIU Xinyi. The automatic extraction and recognition of lunar impact craters fusing CCD images and DEM data of Chang'E-1[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2014,43(9):924-939.