Table of Content

20 December 2019, Volume 48 Issue 12

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Review

Towards geospatial information technology in 5G/6G era

LI Deren

2019, 48(12):  1475-1481.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190437

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With the development of the communication technology, 5G/6G have also come of age. In the new network environment, the development of geospatial information technology has a new trend. This paper introduces the 5G/6G era and analyses its main characteristics. Then it expounds the development trend (formation of real three-dimensional model, intelligence and automation of geospatial information processing, socialization and popularization of geospatial information services) of geospatial information technology in 5G/6G era. Finally, it analyses the necessity of building our independent space-based real-time information service system under the new era background, and analyses its development route (local service system, regional service system, global service system) and technology reserve. And the author prospects the development of geospatial information technology under the background of 5G/6G big data and artificial intelligence era.

Progress and applications for integrated sensing and intelligent decision in smart city

GONG Jianya, ZHANG Xiang, XIANG Longgang, CHEN Nengcheng

2019, 48(12):  1482-1497.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190464

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City sensing and decision-making are the primary prerequisites for the realization of urban intelligence. In view of the current research progress, this paper reviewed the urban comprehensive sensing based on the integrated satellite-airborne-ground sensor web, the management and analysis of urban spatio-temporal big data, and the intelligent decision-making and focusing service for multi-level users. Meanwhile, this paper compares and analyzes the current urban spatio-temporal information platforms and their applications in smart cities. On this basis, it puts forward three challenges faced by the sensing and management of smart cities in the future, including the highly fused physical sensing and social sensing, highly intelligent city management and analytical capability, and highly confident decision based on cyber-physical system.

Research process of GIS-aided indoor localization

LI Qingquan, ZHOU Baoding, MA Wei, XUE Weixing

2019, 48(12):  1498-1506.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190455

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Indoor localization technology is one of the hot research topics in the field of location-based service (LBS), which has attracted the attention of government, industry and academia. Indoor GIS contains abundant priori knowledge, which can be used for indoor localization. In this paper, we review the research process of GIS-aided indoor localization. We first introduce the state-of-the-art, including map constraints-based indoor localization, topological map matching-based indoor localization, context sensing-based indoor localization, and visual sensing-based indoor localization. Then, we introduce its challenges, including indoor GIS data model in uniform space-time reference, data updating of indoor GIS, and limited computing resource of smartphones. Finally, we forecast the development trend in terms of GIS-aided indoor localization, it will develop from context sensing-based method to spatial cognition-based method. In the aspect of GIS data acquisition, it will develop from machine-based method to human-machine interaction-based method.

A survey on the fusion of the navigation and the remote sensing techniques

CHEN Ruizhi, WANG Lei, LI Deren, CHEN Liang, FU Wenju

2019, 48(12):  1507-1522.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190446

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Navigation & Positioning technology and remote sensing technology are two major technologies to acquire the spatial information. Navigation technology provides continuous position for the target point, while the remote sensing provides the geometrical and physical parameters of a target area. The two technologies have their own complentery advantages, so fusion of these technologies are the trend. Combination of the Navigation and the remote sensing technologies moves from coorperation, integration to the deep fusion,and they also derived new theories and methologies. This study discussed the theories and applications of the fusion of the navigation and remote sensing technologies, and derived an unified expression of transforming between navigation and remote sensing. In the future, if considering the requirement of the fusion of navigation and remote sensing in the system design phase, it is still possible to breakthrough current bottleneck of the navigation and remote sensing fusion and promote the development of deeper fusion of these two technologies.

Recent progress in large-scale 3D city modeling

SHAN Jie, LI Zhixin, ZHANG Wenyuan

2019, 48(12):  1523-1541.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190471

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Large scale 3D city models become increasingly demanding for urban planning and management, environmental simulation, emergency response, navigation, virtual tourism and other scientific and public applications. Considerable achievements have been accomplished over the past two decades through joint efforts from multiple disciplines. The objective of this paper is to comprehensively summarize and discuss the current technologies and recent progresses of 3D city modeling in data sources, modeling methods and platforms, 3D city model representation and interoperability. Finally, several representative examples of open city models across the world are described. Driven by the increasing diverse data, advanced yet affordable technology, and growing public and scientific needs, 3D city modeling is accelerating to be automatic, meticulous, semantic, standardized, seamless, and open to the general public.

Research developments and prospects on dense image matching in photogrammetry

YUAN Xiuxiao, YUAN Wei, XU Shu, JI Yanhua

2019, 48(12):  1542-1550.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190453

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The general workflow for dense matching of aerial images is given in this paper. Dense matching is divided into two categories, namely, those that utilize local matching algorithms and global matching algorithms, respectively. The key technologies of the two methods are analyzed in details. Concerns in theory, technology, universality and practicability are proposed. We hope it will be helpful to the related research on dense matching.

A review of major potential landslide hazards analysis

ZHU Qing, ZENG Haowei, DING Yulin, XIE Xiao, LIU Fei, ZHANG Liguo, LI Haifeng, HU Han, ZHANG Junxiao, CHEN Li, CHEN Lin, ZHANG Pengcheng, HE Huagui

2019, 48(12):  1551-1561.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190452

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Landslide is a typical and frequent geological disaster, which causes great loss to human beings. Major landslide hazards, such as landslides in high mountains and ice avalanches,have become important constraints to the development of urbanization and major infrastructure projects such as the Sichuan-Tibet railway. This paper systematically analyzes the characteristics and limitations of existing monitoring technology and analysis methods of potential landslide hazards, introduces a reliable method for potential landslide hazards analysis by coupling monitoring data with mechanism models, to establish the knowledge graph for potential landslide hazards analysis, to extract the high-level semantic features and to identify the potential landslide hazards precisely guided by knowledge.This method systematically considers the mechanism of landslide disaster caused by the coupling of deep and surface, and provides a new way for the reliable analysis of potential landslide hazards with small sample and high complexity.

Advances and applications of lunar photogrammetric mapping using orbital images

DI Kaichang, LIU Bin, XIN Xin, YUE Zongyu, YE Lejia

2019, 48(12):  1562-1574.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190462

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This paper presents a review of the advances, products and applications of lunar photogram-metric mapping using orbital images. It mainly introduces the key techniques such as construction and refinement of geometric models of lunar orbital images, co-registration of lunar orbital image and digital elevation model, optimal selection of multiple images, and large area mapping. Engineering and science applications of lunar photogrammetric mapping products are described, with more emphases on the Chang'E lunar exploration missions. Finally, the future research directions are discussed.

Progress and perspective of point cloud intelligence

YANG Bisheng, DONG Zhen

2019, 48(12):  1575-1585.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190465

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With the rapid development of the reality capture, such as laser scanning and oblique photogrammetry, point cloud has become the third important data source following vector maps and imagery, and also plays an increasingly important role in scientific research and engineering in the fields of earth science, spatial cognition, and smart city, and so on. However, how to acquire valid and accurate three-dimensional geospatial information from point clouds has become the scientific frontier and the urgent demand in the field of surveying and mapping as well as the geoscience applications. To address the challenges mentioned above, point cloud intelligence came into being. This paper summarizes the state-of-the art of point cloud intelligence in acquisition equipment, the intelligent processing, scientific research and the major engineering applications, focusing on its three important areas:the theoretical methods, the key techniques of intelligent processing and the major engineering applications. Finally, the promising development tendency of the point cloud intelligence is summarized.

Intelligent remote sensing satellite and remote sensing image real-time service

WANG Mi, YANG Fang

2019, 48(12):  1586-1594.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190454

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The traditional data acquisition, processing and application mode of satellite remote sensing system can't meet the application requirements of satellite remote sensing image popularization and real-time, and it is urgent to develop intelligent remote sensing satellite system to solve the problem of on-orbit processing and intelligent service of remote sensing image. This paper first expounded the development of intelligent remote sensing satellite, and introduced the characteristics of intelligent remote sensing satellite. Then the article gave a detailed introduction to the intelligent remote sensing satellite on-orbit processing architecture, service mode and key algorithms involved in on-orbit processing. Finally, the paper explored the service scenario and service mode of Luojia-3-01 satellite based on the design and development of Luojia-3-01,and prospected the development of intelligent remote sensing satellite under the background of 5G, 6G, and artificial intelligence era.

Progress and future of image matching in low-altitude photogrammetry

CHEN Xiaoyong, HE Haiqing, ZHOU Junchao, AN Puyang, CHEN Ting

2019, 48(12):  1595-1603.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190466

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Image matching is the process of obtaining corresponding points between two or more overlapping images by a specific algorithm. It is the critical step in the low-altitude photogrammetric data processing. The quality and efficiency of matching directly affect the subsequent data processing and the quality of mapping product generation. Therefore, image matching is one of the hot topics in the field of low-altitude photogrammetry and many relevant algorithms have been proposed. In this paper, the research status and prospect of image matching in low-altitude photogrammetry are described systematically. Firstly, the categories of image matching are summarized and can be generally divided into gray- and feature-based matching. We focus on feature-based image matching, e.g., point, line, and region-based features extraction and the relevant descriptors and similarity measures are described in detail. Besides, the latest image matching algorithms based on deep learning are listed, and the image matching methods involved in data fusion of various sensors on low-altitude platforms are mentioned.

Research progress of high-resolution optical/SAR satellite geometric radiometric calibration

ZHANG Guo, JIANG Yonghua, LI Litao, DENG Mingjun, ZHAO Ruishan

2019, 48(12):  1604-1623.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190469

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The development and characteristics of high-resolution optical/SAR satellites are introduced. Geometric radiometric calibration is an important means to improve the image quality. The basic principles of optical/SAR geometric radiometric calibration are summarized, and the research progress of geometric radiometric calibration is summarized. Finally, the frontier issues of satellite geometric radiometric calibration are summarized.

Progress of remote sensing mapping of atmospheric PM_2.5

SHEN Huanfeng, LI Tongwen

2019, 48(12):  1624-1635.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190456

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Satellite remote sensing has played a critical role in the quantitative retrieval of atmospheric PM_2.5, which can be attributed to its advantages of wide spatiotemporal coverage and low cost. This paper reviews the progress of remote sensing mapping of atmospheric PM_2.5. First, the atmospheric PM_2.5 remote sensing retrieval methods are summarized, and the applicable conditions and limitations of the validation approaches for atmospheric PM_2.5 remote sensing retrieval are analyzed. Second, this paper summarizes the bias correction of satellite retrieved PM_2.5 synthesis product and the missing information reconstruction of satellite retrieved PM_2.5. Finally, the prospective directions of remote sensing mapping of atmospheric PM_2.5 are discussed.

Summary of PhD Thesis

Research on the theory and method of maintenance and renewal of CGCS2000 reference frame

JIANG Zhihao

2019, 48(12):  1636-1636.  doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2019.20190341

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