基于高精度动态GNSS测线的中国南极内陆科考路线平整度分析与评估

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20250231

测绘学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 1968-1979.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20250231

• 大地测量学与导航 • 上一篇

基于高精度动态GNSS测线的中国南极内陆科考路线平整度分析与评估

顾元元¹^,²(), 姚旭³, 安璐¹^,²(), 乔刚¹^,², 郝彤¹^,²

^1.同济大学测绘与地理信息学院，上海　200092
^2.同济大学空间信息科学与可持续发展应用中心，上海　200092
^3.中国极地研究中心（中国极地研究所），上海　200136

收稿日期:2025-06-05 修回日期:2025-11-03 发布日期:2025-12-15
通讯作者: 安璐 E-mail:yuan1@tongji.edu.cn;anlu2021@tongji.edu.cn
作者简介:顾元元（1996—），男，博士生，研究方向为GNSS数据处理、卫星激光测高数据验证与应用。E-mail：yuan1@tongji.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2812601);中央高校基本科研专项基金;上海市基础特区研究计划

Analysis and evaluation of route roughness along the CHINARE inland traverse based on high-precision dynamic GNSS data

Yuanyuan GU¹^,²(), Xu YAO³, Lu AN¹^,²(), Gang QIAO¹^,², Tong HAO¹^,²

^1.College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
^2.Center for Spatial Information Science and Sustainable Development Applications, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
^3.Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China

Received:2025-06-05 Revised:2025-11-03 Published:2025-12-15
Contact: Lu AN E-mail:yuan1@tongji.edu.cn;anlu2021@tongji.edu.cn
About author:GU Yuanyuan (1996—), male, PhD candidate, majors in GNSS data processing as well as the validation and application of satellite laser altimetry data.　E-mail: yuan1@tongji.edu.cn
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2812601);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China;Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国南极内陆科考路线是一条相对固定的路线，自沿海的中山站出发，途经泰山站，延伸至位于冰穹A点附近的昆仑站。全线复杂多变的地形特征，为每年常态化科考任务的组织与实施带来巨大挑战，因此亟须对科考沿线地形和雪层特性进行深入研究，以保障科考队安全高效行进和常态化科考业务的开展。本文基于中国第39次南极科考期间采集的1250 km高精度动态车载GNSS测线，根据行驶里程划分统计单元，分别计算各单元内累计垂直位移、最大垂直位移、垂直位移大于30 cm的发生频率，以及沿线坡度。通过上述指标，全面评估了科考沿线冰盖表面平整度，有效识别雪丘、雪垄、风蚀槽等地形障碍密集分布的关键路段，并进一步分析雪地车累计垂直位移量分布趋势与冰盖表面三维地形、表面风向风速之间的相互关系。数据结果表明全线最颠簸的路段位于距离出发基地175~500 km与860~1180 km的位置。研究结果可为中国后续的内陆考察方案制定，包括重型装备运输、物资配载、行进速度规划等提供重要参考。

关键词: 南极, 内陆科考路线, 平整度, GNSS

Abstract:

The Chinese Antarctic inland scientific expedition route is a relatively fixed path starting from Zhongshan station on the coast, passing through Taishan station, and extending to Kunlun station near Dome A. The complex and variable terrain along the entire route poses significant challenges to the organization and implementation of annual field campaigns. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct detailed investigations of the topography and snowpack characteristics along the route to ensure the safe and efficient progress of expedition teams and the sustainable operation of inland research. This study is based on 1250 km of high-precision dynamic vehicle-mounted GNSS transects collected during the 39th Chinese Antarctic research expedition. The traverse was divided into statistical segments according to along-track distance, and for each segment we calculated the cumulative vertical displacement, maximum vertical displacement, frequency of vertical displacements greater than 30 cm, and surface slope. These indicators were used to comprehensively evaluate the surface roughness of the route, effectively identifying key sections with densely distributed terrain obstacles such as snow dunes, sastrugi, and wind-eroded troughs. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between cumulative vertical displacement of snow vehicles and the three-dimensional surface topography of the ice sheet, as well as the prevailing wind direction and speed. The results show that the roughest sections are located between 175~500 km and 860~1180 km from the starting base. These findings provide important references for future inland expedition planning, including heavy equipment transportation, cargo loading, and travel speed management.

Key words: Antarctica, inland expedition route, roughness, GNSS

中图分类号:

P228

顾元元, 姚旭, 安璐, 乔刚, 郝彤. 基于高精度动态GNSS测线的中国南极内陆科考路线平整度分析与评估[J]. 测绘学报, 2025, 54(11): 1968-1979.

Yuanyuan GU, Xu YAO, Lu AN, Gang QIAO, Tong HAO. Analysis and evaluation of route roughness along the CHINARE inland traverse based on high-precision dynamic GNSS data[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(11): 1968-1979.

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基准站	观测天数/d
Base1	7
Base2	4
Base3	5
Base4	5
Base5	4
Base6	5
Base7	4

路段（距离范围）	垂直位移/（m/km）	最大垂直位移/m	超过30 cm发生频率/（次/km）	平均坡度/（°）
S1（55~175 km）	12.26	0.29	4.92	0.42
S2（175~500 km）	23.00	0.42	14.34	0.11
S3（500~860 km）	16.11	0.32	5.29	0.07
S4（860~1180 km）	25.40	0.41	16.35	0.21
S5（1180~1250 km）	17.58	0.26	0.55	0.07
全程平均	20.21	0.37	10.45	0.15

基于高精度动态GNSS测线的中国南极内陆科考路线平整度分析与评估

Analysis and evaluation of route roughness along the CHINARE inland traverse based on high-precision dynamic GNSS data

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