Some Notes on Interoperability of GNSS

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2016.20150653

Abstract

Abstract: Compatibility and interoperability of GNSS are the hot research issues in international satellite navigation field. It is a requirement for integrated multi GNSS navigation and positioning. The basic concepts of the compatibility and interoperability are introduced and the trend of the interoperability among the GNSS providers is discussed. The status and problems of the frequency interoperability of GPS, BeiDou(BDS), GLONASS and Galileo are analyzed. It is pointed that the frequency interoperability problems will affect the manufacturers and multi GNSS users. The influences of the interoperability problems of the reference coordinate systems are not only resulted from the definitions and realizations of the reference coordinate systems but also from the maintenance and update strategies of the reference systems. The effects of the time datum interoperability and corresponding resolving strategies are also discussed. The influences of the interoperability problems of GNSS are summarized.

Key words: BeiDou, compatibility and interoperability, frequency, coordinate system, time datum

CLC Number:

P228

YANG Yuanxi, LU Mingquan, HAN Chunhao. Some Notes on Interoperability of GNSS[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2016, 45(3): 253-259.

References

[1] HEIN G.GNSS Interoperability:Achieving a Global System of System or Does Everything Have to Be the Same?[J].Inside GNSS, 2006,1(1):57-60.
[2] STUPAK G.The Russian Federation View on GNSS Compatibility and Interoperability[C]//Proceedings of the 3rd Meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems(ICG).Pasadena:[s.n.], 2008.
[3] GIBBONS G.GNSS Interoperability[J].Inside GNSS, 2011, 6(1):28-31.
[4] 杨元喜.北斗卫星导航系统的进展、贡献与挑战[J], 测绘学报, 2010, 39(1):1-6. YANG Yuanxi. Progress, Contribution and Challenges of Compass/BeiDou Satellite Navigation System[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2010, 39(1):1-6.
[5] 杨元喜, 李金龙,徐君毅, 等.中国北斗卫星导航系统对全球PNT用户的贡献[J].科学通报, 2011, 56(21):1734-1740. YANG Yuanxi,LI Jinlong, XU Junyi, et al.Contribution of the Compass Satellite Navigation System to Global PNT Users[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2011, 56(26):2813-2819.
[6] LU Xiaochun,LU Jun,WANG Xue,et al.Interoperability Feasibility Analysis between BeiDou and GPS[C]//Proceedings of China Satellite Navigation Conference(CSNC 2012).Berlin:Springer, 2012:15-26.
[7] HAN Tao, LU Xiaochun, WANG Xue, et al.Differential Equation Dynamical System Based Assessment Model in GNSS Interoperability[J].Science China, Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, 2011, 54(6):996-1003.
[8] U.S. Space-based PNT Policy[EB/OL].(2012-08-15)[2015-12-03]. http://www.pnt.gov/.
[9] BETZ J.Something Old,Something New-Signal Structures for Satellite-based Navigation:Past, Present, and Future[J]. Inside GNSS, 2013, 8(4):34-42.
[10] ITU-R.ITU R M 1831-2007 a Coordination Methodology for RNSS Inter-system Interference Estimation[S].ITU Recommendation, 2007.
[11] The GPS-galileo Agreement Working Groups.Agreement on the Promotion, Provision and Use of Galileo and GPS Satellite Based Navigation Systems and Related Applications[R]. Stockholm:[s.n.], 2004.
[12] HUANG Bin, YAO Zheng, GUO Fu, et al.Reaching for the STARx:a Software-defined All-GNSS Solution[J].Inside GNSS, 2014, 9(1):50-60.
[13] YAO Z, LU M,FENG Z.Quadrature Multiplexed BOC Modulation for Interoperable GNSS Signals[J].Electronics Letters, 2010, 46(17):1234-1236.
[14] YAO Zheng, LU Mingquan. ACED Multiplexing and Its Application on BeiDou B2 Band[C]//SUN Jiadong, JIAO Wenhai, WU Haitao, et al.Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Berlin:Springer,2013, 244:25-34.
[15] National Imagery and Mapping Agency. Department of Defense World Geodetic System 1984:Its Definition and Relationships with Local Geodetic Systems[R]. 3rd ed. National Imagery and Mapping Agency Technical Report 8350.2,[S.l.]:NIMA, 2000.
[16] 秦显平, 杨元喜, 崔先强. 椭球参数对北斗与GPS广播星历计算互操作性的影响[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2015, 40(9):1237-1241. QIN Xianping, YANG Yuanxi, CUI Xianqiang. Influence of Ellipsoid Constants on Interoperability of Broadcast Ephemeris Computation between BeiDou and GPS[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2015, 40(9):1237-1241.
[17] 魏子卿. 2000中国大地坐标系及其与WGS84的比较[J]. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2008, 28(5):1-5. WEI Ziqing. China Geodetic Coordinate System 2000 and Its Comparison with WGS84[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008, 28(5):1-5.
[18] YANG Yuanxi, LI Jinlong, XU Junyi,et al.Generalised DOPs with Consideration of the Influence Function of Signal-in-space Errors[J]. Journal of Navigation, 2011, 64(S3):S3-S18.
[19] HAN Chunhao,YANG Yuanxi,CAI Zhiwu. BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and Its Time Scales[J].Metrologia, 2011, 48(4):S213-S218.
[20] DELPORTE J.The Definition and Implementation of Galileo System Time(GST)[R]. ICG-4 WG-D on GNSS Time Scales,[S.l.]:French Space Agency, 2009.
[21] PÍRIZ R, MOZO GARCÍAÁ, TOBÍAS G, et al. GNSS Interoperability:Offset between Reference Time Scales and Timing Biases[J].Metrologia, 2008, 45(6):87-102.
[22] 张清华, 隋立芬, 贾小林, 等.利用高精度PPS测量进行GPS-GLONASS时差监测[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2014, 39(11):1347-1351. ZHANG Qinghua,SUI Lifen,JIA Xianling,et al.Using Precise PPS Measure for Monitoring GNSS Time offset[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(11):1347-1351.
[23] JOO J M, CHO J H, HEO M B.Analysis of GPS Galileo Time Offset Effects on Positioning[J]. The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences,2012, 37C(12):1310-1317.
[24] 张小红, 陈兴汉, 郭斐. 高性能原子钟钟差建模及其在精密单点定位中的应用[J]. 测绘学报, 2015, 44(4):392-398. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2015.20140287. ZHANG Xiaohong, CHEN Xinghan, GUO Fei. High-performance Atomic Clock Modeling and Its Application in Precise Point Positioning[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2015, 44(4):392-398. DOI:10.11947/j.AGCS.2015.20140287.