基于风云三号TEC的极区GNSS电离层模型精度评估

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20240202

测绘学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 995-1008.doi: 10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20240202

基于风云三号TEC的极区GNSS电离层模型精度评估

沈洋¹^,²(), 李广云¹(), 陈明剑¹, 李林阳¹, 施星宇¹, 蔡巍³, 郝卫峰²^,⁴

^1.信息工程大学地理空间信息学院，河南　郑州　450001
^2.极地环境监测与公共治理教育部重点实验室（武汉大学），湖北　武汉　430079
^3.西安测绘总站，陕西　西安　710054
^4.武汉大学中国南极测绘研究中心，湖北　武汉　430079

收稿日期:2024-05-10 修回日期:2025-04-14 出版日期:2025-07-14 发布日期:2025-07-14
通讯作者: 李广云 E-mail:yangshen0701@163.com;guangyun_li_chxy@163.com
作者简介:沈洋（2000—），男，博士生，研究方向为GNSS电离层建模。E-mail：yangshen0701@163.com
基金资助:
极地环境监测与公共治理教育部重点实验室开放基金(202405);国家自然科学基金(42474043);河南省自然科学基金优秀青年基金(252300421205);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1129)

Assessment of GNSS ionosphere models based on FY-3 TEC in polar regions

Yang SHEN¹^,²(), Guangyun LI¹(), Mingjian CHEN¹, Linyang LI¹, Xingyu SHI¹, Wei CAI³, Weifeng HAO²^,⁴

^1.Institute of Geospatial Information, Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Polar Environment Monitoring and Public Governance (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China
^3.Xi'an Mapping Terminus, Xi'an 710054, China
^4.Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China

Received:2024-05-10 Revised:2025-04-14 Online:2025-07-14 Published:2025-07-14
Contact: Guangyun LI E-mail:yangshen0701@163.com;guangyun_li_chxy@163.com
About author:SHEN Yang (2000—), male, PhD candidate, majors in GNSS ionosphere modeling. E-mail: yangshen0701@163.com
Supported by:
Key Laboratory of Polar Environment Monitoring and Public Governance (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education(202405);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42474043);Outstanding Youth Foundation of Henan Natural Science Foundation(252300421205);The Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing City(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1129)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现有电离层模型在极地地区特别是极区内部缺少GNSS监测站的区域改正精度缺乏详细参考，以风云卫星2021年和2023年在北极和南极的电离层TEC观测值为基准，对GPS Klobuchar、Galileo NeQuickG、北斗三号BDGIM和IGS GIM模型在极区的改正效果进行了评估。分别分析了4种电离层模型在极区整体、不同地方时和不同纬度的改正精度。结果表明，4种电离层模型在北极的改正效果优于南极。太阳活动高年2023年的模型偏差和标准差都明显大于太阳活动低年2021年。Klobuchar、NeQuickG、BDGIM和GIM模型的RMS值分别为11.30、5.74、6.75和4.40 TECu，改正百分比分别为33.34%、58.81%、44.87%和65.32%。GIM和NeQuickG改正百分比随地方时波动较小，BDGIM和Klobuchar改正百分比随地方时变化较大，在12:00—16:00改正百分比达到最大。Klobuchar模型RMS值随纬度变化波动剧烈，基本不适用于高纬度地区电离层改正。NeQuickG、BDGIM和GIM模型RMS值随纬度变化较小，改正百分比普遍随纬度增加而降低。

关键词: 极区, 电离层模型, 总电子含量, GNSS, 风云卫星

Abstract:

In view of the lack of detailed reference for the correction accuracy of the existing ionospheric model in the polar region, especially in the polar region where GNSS monitoring stations are lacking, the correction effects of GPS Klobuchar, Galileo NeQuickG, BeiDou-3 BDGIM and IGS GIM models in the polar region were evaluated based on the ionospheric TEC observations of Fengyun satellite in the Arctic and Antarctic in 2021 and 2023. The correction accuracy of four ionospheric models in the whole polar region, different places and different latitudes is analyzed respectively. The results show that the correction effect of the four ionospheric models in the Arctic is better than that in the Antarctic. The model deviation and standard deviation of the high solar activity year 2023 are significantly larger than those of the low solar activity year 2021. The RMS values of Klobuchar, NeQuickG, BDGIM and GIM models are 11.30, 5.74, 6.75 and 4.40 TECu, respectively, and the correction percentages are 33.34%, 58.81%, 44.87% and 65.32%, respectively. The correction percentages of GIM and NeQuickG fluctuate less with local time, while the correction percentages of BDGIM and Klobuchar change greatly with local time, and reach the maximum at 12:00—16:00 pm. The RMS value of Klobuchar fluctuates violently with latitude, which is basically not suitable for ionospheric correction in high latitudes. The RMS values of NeQuickG, BDGIM and GIM models change little with latitude, and the correction percentage generally decreases with the increase of latitude.

Key words: polar region, ionospheric model, total electron content (TEC), GNSS, Fengyun satellite

中图分类号:

P228

沈洋, 李广云, 陈明剑, 李林阳, 施星宇, 蔡巍, 郝卫峰. 基于风云三号TEC的极区GNSS电离层模型精度评估[J]. 测绘学报, 2025, 54(6): 995-1008.

Yang SHEN, Guangyun LI, Mingjian CHEN, Linyang LI, Xingyu SHI, Wei CAI, Weifeng HAO. Assessment of GNSS ionosphere models based on FY-3 TEC in polar regions[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(6): 995-1008.

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电离层模型	Klobuchar	NeQuickG	BDGIM
算法	余弦函数+常值	Chapman	球谐函数
是否单层	2D	3D	2D
投影函数	Klobuchar	无	余弦函数
参数个数	8	3	9
更新周期	2~7 d	24 h	2 h
改正比例/（%）	50	70	75

F10.7/sfu	太阳活动水平
[60，80]	极低
（80，100]	低
（100，150]	中等
（150，200]	高
（200，300]	极高

区域	模型	2021年				2023年
区域	模型	偏差/TECu	标准差/TECu	RMS/TECu	百分比/（%）	偏差/TECu	标准差/TECu	RMS/TECu	百分比/（%）
北极	Klobuchar	6.98	6.39	9.46	24.45	2.02	12.69	12.84	45.40
	NequickG	0.66	2.58	2.66	60.71	-1.68	7.17	7.36	64.62
	BDGIM	1.54	3.44	3.77	45.57	-0.96	8.57	8.62	55.28
	GIM	0.61	2.20	2.28	65.79	1.01	6.53	6.61	65.49
南极	Klobuchar	6.65	6.82	9.53	24.32	2.94	13.06	13.38	39.20
	NequickG	-0.49	3.83	3.86	53.44	-2.63	8.70	9.09	56.47
	BDGIM	4.30	4.18	5.99	26.78	0.54	8.59	8.61	51.82
	GIM	0.24	2.79	2.80	62.93	-0.08	5.90	5.90	67.05

模型	偏差/TECu	标准差/TECu	RMS/TECu	百分比/（%）
Klobuchar	4.65	9.74	11.30	33.34
NequickG	-1.04	5.57	5.74	58.81
BDGIM	1.35	6.19	6.75	44.87
GIM	0.44	4.36	4.40	65.32

基于风云三号TEC的极区GNSS电离层模型精度评估

Assessment of GNSS ionosphere models based on FY-3 TEC in polar regions

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