Assessment of GNSS ionosphere models based on FY-3 TEC in polar regions

doi:10.11947/j.AGCS.2025.20240202

Abstract

Abstract:

In view of the lack of detailed reference for the correction accuracy of the existing ionospheric model in the polar region, especially in the polar region where GNSS monitoring stations are lacking, the correction effects of GPS Klobuchar, Galileo NeQuickG, BeiDou-3 BDGIM and IGS GIM models in the polar region were evaluated based on the ionospheric TEC observations of Fengyun satellite in the Arctic and Antarctic in 2021 and 2023. The correction accuracy of four ionospheric models in the whole polar region, different places and different latitudes is analyzed respectively. The results show that the correction effect of the four ionospheric models in the Arctic is better than that in the Antarctic. The model deviation and standard deviation of the high solar activity year 2023 are significantly larger than those of the low solar activity year 2021. The RMS values of Klobuchar, NeQuickG, BDGIM and GIM models are 11.30, 5.74, 6.75 and 4.40 TECu, respectively, and the correction percentages are 33.34%, 58.81%, 44.87% and 65.32%, respectively. The correction percentages of GIM and NeQuickG fluctuate less with local time, while the correction percentages of BDGIM and Klobuchar change greatly with local time, and reach the maximum at 12:00—16:00 pm. The RMS value of Klobuchar fluctuates violently with latitude, which is basically not suitable for ionospheric correction in high latitudes. The RMS values of NeQuickG, BDGIM and GIM models change little with latitude, and the correction percentage generally decreases with the increase of latitude.

Key words: polar region, ionospheric model, total electron content (TEC), GNSS, Fengyun satellite

CLC Number:

P228

Yang SHEN, Guangyun LI, Mingjian CHEN, Linyang LI, Xingyu SHI, Wei CAI, Weifeng HAO. Assessment of GNSS ionosphere models based on FY-3 TEC in polar regions[J]. Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica, 2025, 54(6): 995-1008.

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电离层模型	Klobuchar	NeQuickG	BDGIM
算法	余弦函数+常值	Chapman	球谐函数
是否单层	2D	3D	2D
投影函数	Klobuchar	无	余弦函数
参数个数	8	3	9
更新周期	2~7 d	24 h	2 h
改正比例/（%）	50	70	75

F10.7/sfu	太阳活动水平
[60，80]	极低
（80，100]	低
（100，150]	中等
（150，200]	高
（200，300]	极高

区域	模型	2021年				2023年
区域	模型	偏差/TECu	标准差/TECu	RMS/TECu	百分比/（%）	偏差/TECu	标准差/TECu	RMS/TECu	百分比/（%）
北极	Klobuchar	6.98	6.39	9.46	24.45	2.02	12.69	12.84	45.40
	NequickG	0.66	2.58	2.66	60.71	-1.68	7.17	7.36	64.62
	BDGIM	1.54	3.44	3.77	45.57	-0.96	8.57	8.62	55.28
	GIM	0.61	2.20	2.28	65.79	1.01	6.53	6.61	65.49
南极	Klobuchar	6.65	6.82	9.53	24.32	2.94	13.06	13.38	39.20
	NequickG	-0.49	3.83	3.86	53.44	-2.63	8.70	9.09	56.47
	BDGIM	4.30	4.18	5.99	26.78	0.54	8.59	8.61	51.82
	GIM	0.24	2.79	2.80	62.93	-0.08	5.90	5.90	67.05

模型	偏差/TECu	标准差/TECu	RMS/TECu	百分比/（%）
Klobuchar	4.65	9.74	11.30	33.34
NequickG	-1.04	5.57	5.74	58.81
BDGIM	1.35	6.19	6.75	44.87
GIM	0.44	4.36	4.40	65.32